超干贮存对番茄种子活力的影响

 研究了超干含水量、贮存温度对番茄种子生活力和活力的影响, 结果表明: 含水量为4. 6 %、2. 4 %的番茄种子在20 ℃下密封贮存13 年后, 发芽率、苗长、脱氢酶活性、SOD 活性与对照(0 ℃、6. 2 %)相比均无明显差异, 但含水量为1. 9 %的种子上述指标却显著下降, 说明含水量为4. 6 %、2. 4 %的超干番茄种子在常温下具有良好的耐藏性, 含水量过低(1. 9 %) 不利于长期贮存, 但上述三种含水量(4. 6 %、2. 4 %、1. 9 %) 的番茄种子在0 ℃下密封贮存13 年后, 均有着较高的种子活力、生活力和酶活性。     

政府促进合作社发展策略研究

阐述了农业合作社的弱质性和公益性,并从立法、行政管理、财政税收和教育方面,分析了政府促进合作社发展的主要策略,最后在分析了这些策略的利弊基础上,提出政府促进合作社发展的理性选择是发展合作社教育。     

两种嵩草种子劣变初探

测定了低温下贮藏４３个月，然后室温下贮藏４９个月的久治嵩草，线叶嵩草种子的劣变过程，结果表明；两种种子在前４３个月的低温贮藏劣变微，以后在室温下迅速加快，发芽率很低，且与生活力无明显的相关关系。二种均是休眠种子。     

Effect of embryo age on the viability of equine embryos after cooled storage using two transport systems

The aim of this study was to compare the viability of 7- and 8-day-old equine embryos cooled and stored for 6 or 24 hours in two different transport systems. Embryos (n = 97) were recovered on day 7 or 8 and assigned to 10 groups (n = 10/group). Embryos within the same age group (D7 or D8) were evaluated immediately after collection (Group-0h) or after storage in an Equitainer at 5°C for 24 hours in 5 ml Emcare Holding Solution (EHS) (Group-E-24h) or 5 ml Ham's F10 (Group-H-24h) or in a refrigerator at 5°C in 500 ml Emcare Flushing Solution (EFS) for 6 hours (Group-B-6h) or 24 hours (Group-B-24h). After collection or storage, embryos were incubated in 1 μg/ml DAPI to determine the percentage of dead cells per embryo (DAPI positive, fluorescent cells). Subsequently, embryos were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde and re-stained with DAPI to determine the total number of cells. The percentage of dead cells in group-0h and B-6h was similar and significantly lower than for embryos stored for 24 hours in groups B-24h, E-24h, and H-24h. The percentage of dead cells was similar for embryos stored in an Equitainer (groups E-24h and H-24h) and was significantly higher for embryos stored 24 hours in EFS (Group B-24h). Within each storage system (0h, B-6h, B-24h, E-24h, and H-24h) no significant difference in the percentage of dead cells was observed between 7- and 8-day-old embryos. Storage in 500 ml EFS at 5°C for 6 hours resulted in embryos of better quality than after the traditional 24-hour storage in an Equitainer, suggesting that this simplified system offers a good alternative for short-term storage and transport.     

不同贮藏条件对辣椒花粉生活力的影响

试验研究了不同贮藏条件下辣椒品种(保加利亚尖椒-2)花粉的贮藏效果,以及不同吸湿方法对辣椒花粉染色效果的影响.研究结果表明,随着贮藏时间的增加辣椒花粉的生活力逐渐降低;在低温3℃干燥条件下最有利于保持辣椒花粉的生活力:在30℃高温环境下花粉的染色效果最为明显.     

A spatial risk assessment of bighorn sheep extirpation by grazing domestic sheep on public lands

Bighorn sheep currently occupy just 30% of their historic distribution, and persist in populations less than 5% as abundant overall as their early 19th century counterparts. Present-day recovery of bighorn sheep populations is in large part limited by periodic outbreaks of respiratory disease, which can be transmitted to bighorn sheep via contact with domestic sheep grazing in their vicinity. In order to assess the viability of bighorn sheep populations on the Payette National Forest (PNF) under several alternative proposals for domestic sheep grazing, we developed a series of interlinked models. Using telemetry and habitat data, we characterized herd home ranges and foray movements of bighorn sheep from their home ranges. Combining foray model movement estimates with known domestic sheep grazing areas (allotments), a Risk of Contact Model estimated bighorn sheep contact rates with domestic sheep allotments. Finally, we used demographic and epidemiologic data to construct population and disease transmission models (Disease Model), which we used to estimate bighorn sheep persistence under each alternative grazing scenario. Depending on the probability of disease transmission following interspecies contact, extirpation probabilities for the seven bighorn sheep herds examined here ranged from 20% to 100%. The Disease Model allowed us to assess the probabilities that varied domestic sheep management scenarios would support persistent populations of free-ranging bighorn sheep.     

中华槭花粉活力探究

以中华槭为研究对象,研究了中华槭花粉离体培养萌发最佳测定时间,中华槭花粉活力快速测定的方法,蔗糖、硼酸、氯化钙浓度以及不同贮藏温度(室温、4℃、-20℃)对中华槭花粉活力的影响。试验结果表明:中华槭花粉离体培养16h后,再进行其花粉活力的测定较为适宜;用离体培养萌发法测定的花粉活力,最接近于中华槭花粉的真实活力。适于中华槭花粉萌发的蔗糖、硼酸、氯化钙浓度分别为:100g/L、50mg/L、50mg/L。中华槭花粉在4℃下可以存活60d,在-20℃下可以保存120d,在室温下仅可以存活7d。     

山杏,沙棘种子活力测定的电导法

该文研究了用电导法测定山杏，沙棘种子活力的方法，适用条件，采用灰色关联度分析方法分析了发芽率，电导率，发芽势，老化时间以及简化活力指数的关联关系，并以简化活力指数，电导率为母序列对各指标的关联度进行排序。通过回归分析建立了电导率与发芽率，发芽势，生活在力，简化活力指数以及简化活动指数与电导率，发牙率，发芽势，生活力的回归方程，从而找出了电导法测定山杏，沙棘种子活力方法。     

Summary of Influencial Factors on Pollen Viability and Its Preservation Methods

植物花粉贮藏技术研究是开花生物学特性研究中的一项重要内容。在此，就植物花粉生活力的影响因素、花粉生活力的测定方法、花粉的贮藏步骤、方法进行了概述，列出了部分植物的花粉在不同条件下所能贮藏的时间和贮藏一定时间后的生活力状况，并指出了今后花粉贮藏的方向。     

Integrating effects of hunting policy, catastrophic events, and inbreeding depression, in PVA simulation: the Scandinavian wolf population as an example

Focusing on the wolf Canis lupus in Scandinavia as an example, criteria are proposed and an analysis performed to assess the effect on extinction risk of various control policies, while accounting simultaneously for effects of inbreeding depression and potential catastrophic events. Each control policy is characterized by a hunting pressure (the increase caused by hunting of annual mortality rates) combined with a hunting threshold (the population size below which hunting is not permitted). Catastrophes are taken into account by including the persistence of a severe catastrophe in the criterion for population viability. Based on these criteria, the results suggest that only a very limited amount of hunting should be permitted at low population sizes. The results also illustrate the importance of including a long-term perspective in modelling threatened populations.