福建闽东诸小河泥沙及其变化分析

根据50年实测水文资料,分析了闽东诸小河泥沙年内年际变化和来水、产沙的因果关系及造成水土流失的主要原因。掌握该地区泥沙变化规律,对流域水土资源开发、利用和保护有着重要意义。     

家蚕平衡致死系S-14的性连锁致死基因对生命力和全茧量的影响研究

利用从俄罗斯引进的性连锁平衡致死系S-14与普通家蚕品种的回交世代,初步查明：S－14平衡致死系的2个性连锁致死基因对家蚕生命力和全茧量2项性状无明显的不良作用。     

低温下黄瓜花粉生活力的研究

在不同的开花温度和萌发温度的组合下,测定了11个黄瓜品种的花粉萌发率,结果表明:低温下不同品种黄瓜花粉萌发率均有所下降,开花温度对花粉萌发率的影响达到显著水平,而萌发温度对花粉萌发率的影响则达到了极显著水平,开花温度和萌发温度的交互作用达到了极显著水平,萌发温度比开花温度对花粉萌发率的影响要大;区别黄瓜不同品种低温下花粉活力的适宜温度为9℃(开花温度)、12℃(萌发温度)。     

植物花粉生活力检测技术进展

总结了植物花粉生活力检测的染色法、萌发测定法以及田间授粉测定法等的基本原理和应用,并且分析了各种方法的特点。     

离体萌发法测定垂丝海棠花粉生活力的研究

应用离体萌发法对垂丝海棠的花粉生活力进行测定,同时研究了不同浓度的钙对花粉萌发和花粉管生长的影响。研究结果表明,垂丝海棠花粉萌发和花粉管生长的最佳培养基是:0.8 g琼脂+15 mg/L蔗糖+2.0 mg/L硼酸;低浓度的钙对花粉萌发和花粉管的生长有促进作用,高浓度的钙对花粉萌发和花粉管的生长有抑制作用;培养基中的Ca(NO3)2浓度为1.6×10-5mg/L时最适合垂丝海棠花粉萌发和花粉管的生长。     

稻瘟病菌孢子保存技术

 将载有稻瘟病菌孢子的滤纸置于不同温度和干燥条件下保存,经分期测定,室内干燥保存,经10个月,不论是孢子活力和致病性一般均可维持原有水平。低温干燥保存则能保存更长的时间。这样解决了目前人工接种中稻苗和孢子的培养难以配合的问题。     

Comparison of rotifer culture quality with yeast plus oil and algal-based cultivation diets

The culture quality of rotifers, Brachionus plicatilis, was compared for yeast and algal-based cultivation diets. The rotifer quality was evaluated based on factors which may affect survival and growth of marine fish larvae, including individual length and biomass, nutritional value, bacterial content, and rotifer viability. The diets used were monocultures of Tetraselmis sp., Isochrysis galbana, Pavlova lutheri, and baker's yeast plus capelin oil.Rotifers grown to early stationary phase with equal food rations exhibited equal length distribution, but the rotifer individual biomass was 10–25% higher for yeast-grown rotifers than for algal-grown rotifers.All diets gave equal protein content of individual rotifers. The lipid content was slightly higher and the ratio of protein to lipid was slightly lower with yeast plus capelin oil than with algae. The fatty acid composition of the rotifers was closely related to that of their dietary lipids and the 3 fatty acid content was not systematically different for the two types of diets.Use of yeast plus capelin oil resulted in considerably higher numbers of both suspended and rotifer-associated bacteria than with use of algal diets. No differences were found for the algal species involved. The viability of the rotifers in a temperature and salinity test was far better in groups fed algae than in groups fed yeast plus capelin oil.The results indicated an overall better quality of rotifers cultivated with algae than for rotifers cultivated with yeast and oil. Questions related to proteins and the microflora of rotifers should be further emphasized in future research.     

Summary of Influencial Factors on Pollen Viability and Its Preservation Methods

植物花粉贮藏技术研究是开花生物学特性研究中的一项重要内容。在此,就植物花粉生活力的影响因素、花粉生活力的测定方法、花粉的贮藏步骤、方法进行了概述,列出了部分植物的花粉在不同条件下所能贮藏的时间和贮藏一定时间后的生活力状况,并指出了今后花粉贮藏的方向。     

不同桑品种与现行原蚕品种饲育的对比试验

为了优化原蚕饲养的营养条件,提高蚕种繁育质量,对几个实用桑品种饲养的原蚕饲育成绩进行了初步调查与分析。用几个实用桑品种分别饲养原蚕,其发育经过及幼虫生命率、虫蛹统一生命率等无明显差异;但死笼率有育151号较高,新一之较低的倾向。综合原蚕饲养的茧质和卵质成绩初步认为,春期原蚕繁育用桑适宜选择的桑品种依次为育71-1、湖桑32号、育151号、新一之濑;秋期原蚕繁育用桑适宜选择的桑品种依次为新一之、育71-1、湖桑32号。     

家蚕茧丝量性状和生命力性状的综合选择研究

茧丝量性状和生命力性状的综合选择方法是家蚕新品种选育的关键技术。采用杂交和系统分离为基本育种手段,结合春秋自然交替的培育环境,蛾区选择始终把生命力性状作为重要指标,同时兼顾茧丝质的选择,入选蛾区内严格精选全茧量和茧层量性状在平均值偏上的个体留种并控制茧层率,从而达到了茧丝量性状和生命力性状的综合选择目的。按以上方法育成2个优良中、日系统品种"芙菁"和"湘8H,"F1代杂交种经过春秋2次实验室初交测试表现为生命力强、茧丝质好、茧丝量和产茧量高,综合性状优良,从而克服了茧丝量与生命力难以兼顾的矛盾。