基于风险与效益模型的政府农业科技投入范围界定

在分析农业科技研发层次与演化流程的基础上,提出了不同研究阶段的农业技术类型和特征,构建了农业科技研发投入风险与效益模型,揭示了政府农业科技投入领域的选择行为,并以此界定了农业科技投入的合理范围。     

未确知有理数在农业投资方案决策中的应用

利用未确知有理数方法进行农业投资方案决策,在理论上可行,所得结果是可信的。该方法可用于多层次决策,步骤简单,有效。     

基于专用性投资优化的BPO触发策略契约设计

为解决业务流程外包(BPO)中的套牢问题,结合触发策略设计与构建了业务流程外包触发策略契约,并利用反向归纳法进行了算法推导与论证。算例结果表明,业务流程外包触发策略契约下的专用性投资水平、整体收益和接发包商收益都有所提高。触发策略契约能更有效地解决业务流程外包中的套牢问题,优化专用性资产投资水平,达到帕累托改进。     

陕西省农业投资环境研究

从农业产业基础、耕地资源条件、资本投资能力、生产资料投入4方面构建陕西省农业投资环境评价指标体系,据此对陕西农业投资环境进行评估并提出改善建议。     

套袋对苹果生产投资结构的影响及密植园遮光问题

 套袋技术目前已经广泛应用于果树生产, 特别是富士苹果套袋率在山东和陕西主产区超过75% , 每亩套袋量8 000～18 000个, 纸袋投资270～1 100元, 占生产总投入比重的1 /3, 占生产资料平均投入的45%; 而套袋和摘袋雇工成本在人工成本中占主要部分, 套袋对苹果生产投资结构产生了巨大影响。对乔砧密植园大量套袋苹果树进行光合测定发现, 套袋造成了投影部位5片以上叶子遮光, 无论树冠外围还是内膛, 被遮光的叶片净光合速率均为负值, 大量套袋极显著降低了树冠中部和内膛照光叶片的光合能力。有关果实套袋技术的应用应该根据市场和生产条件细分确定。     

Water management and crop production for food security in China: A review

Food security is a high priority issue on the Chinese political agenda. China’s food security is challenged by several anthropogenic, sociopolitical and policy factors, including: population growth; urbanization and industrialization; land use changes and water scarcity; income growth and nutritional transition; and turbulence in global energy and food markets. Sustained growth in agricultural productivity and stable relations with global food suppliers are the twin anchors of food security. Shortfalls in domestic food production can take their toll on international food markets. Turbulence in global energy markets can affect food prices and supply costs, affecting food security and poverty. Policy safeguards are needed to shield food supply against such forces. China must make unremitting policy responses to address the loss of its fertile land for true progress towards the goal of national food security, by investing in infrastructure such as irrigation, drainage, storage, transport, and agricultural research and institutional reforms such as tenure security and land market liberalization. The links between water and other development-related sectors such as population, energy, food, and environment, and the interactions among them require reckoning, as they together will determine future food security and poverty reduction in China. Climate change is creating a new level of uncertainty in water governance, requiring accelerated research to avoid water-related stresses.     

Policies Affecting Forestry Entrepreneurship

Many demand and supply-side policies impede or foster forestry entrepreneurship. A study was conducted to consolidate existing knowledge on policies influencing forestry entrepreneurship in Finland, Norway, Japan, Australia, the Philippines and the USA, and to draw conclusions on these impeding and fostering factors. From the country studies it was difficult to find common structures on policies affecting forestry entrepreneurship. This is understandable because most policies in forestry are aimed at supporting sustainable forest management, wood production and ecological services of the forests rather than entrepreneurship as such. Despite the high variety of policies applied in the study countries, it can be concluded that strict public control on forests’ use and management potentially impedes forestry entrepreneurship. While these policies assist to correct market failure and to promote sustainability of forest management, they may also result into unnecessary and ineffective regulations that limit the opportunities for forestry entrepreneurship. A common feature promoting the demand for forestry entrepreneurship in some of the countries studied is the strong emphasis on forestry cooperatives, which were important institutions to support small-scale forestry entrepreneurship. In many study countries, different ad hoc programs are implemented to find new economic and entrepreneurial opportunities aside from the current use of wood and forests. Subsidies and tax incentives are commonly applied to reduce risks from making forestry investments or otherwise increase the economic return from timber production.     

嵌入投资银行后的银行危机传导模型

基于Sujit模型，通过在支付清算系统内构建嵌入投资银行的危机传导模型，同时考虑中央银行的两种政策对防范少数银行危机蔓延至系统危机的作用，结果发现，少数银行引发系统危机的主要原因在于危机银行影响了与其有着支付清算关系的债权银行的收益和它们的预期信心，中央银行政策对控制危机传导是有效的。     

企业投资人机智能化决策系统的设计

本文简要介绍了企业投资人机智能化决策系统的框架,着重讨论了人机智能化决策系统的特征及其与智能决策支持系统(IDSS)的区别,对人机智能化决策系统的结构与进化问题也进行了分析说明。     

肉仔鸡最佳投资规模模型的建立与分析

对商品肉鸡的养殖过程进行了深入的研究,建立了数学模型,并以此为基础,对影响投资规模的因素进行分析,从而利用经济学原理给出商品肉仔鸡的最佳投资规模的数学模型,为各类养殖业的应用提供了理论基础。