Policies Affecting Forestry Entrepreneurship |
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Authors: | Anssi Niskanen Anders Lunnan Ikuo Ota Keith Blatner John Herbohn Lyndall Bull Ian Ferguson Gordon M Hickey |
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Institution: | (1) Faculty of Forestry, University of Joensuu, Box 111, 80101 Joensuu, Finland;(2) Department of Economics and Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Box 5003, 1432 Aas, Norway;(3) The Norwegian Forest and Landscape Institute, Box 115, 1431 Aas, Norway;(4) Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, 3-5-7 Tarumi, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan;(5) Department of Natural Resource Sciences, Washington State University, PO Box 646410, Pullman, WA 99164-6410, USA;(6) School of Natural and Rural Systems Management, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, 4072, Australia;(7) National Association of Forest Industries, The University of Melbourne, 24 Napier Close, Deakin, ACT, 2600, Australia;(8) School of Forest and Ecosystem Science, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia;(9) Department of Sustainability and Environment, PO Box 500, Level 3, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, VIC, 3002, Australia |
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Abstract: | Many demand and supply-side policies impede or foster forestry entrepreneurship. A study was conducted to consolidate existing knowledge on policies influencing forestry entrepreneurship
in Finland, Norway, Japan, Australia, the Philippines and the USA, and to draw conclusions on these impeding and fostering
factors. From the country studies it was difficult to find common structures on policies affecting forestry entrepreneurship.
This is understandable because most policies in forestry are aimed at supporting sustainable forest management, wood production
and ecological services of the forests rather than entrepreneurship as such. Despite the high variety of policies applied
in the study countries, it can be concluded that strict public control on forests’ use and management potentially impedes
forestry entrepreneurship. While these policies assist to correct market failure and to promote sustainability of forest management,
they may also result into unnecessary and ineffective regulations that limit the opportunities for forestry entrepreneurship.
A common feature promoting the demand for forestry entrepreneurship in some of the countries studied is the strong emphasis
on forestry cooperatives, which were important institutions to support small-scale forestry entrepreneurship. In many study
countries, different ad hoc programs are implemented to find new economic and entrepreneurial opportunities aside from the
current use of wood and forests. Subsidies and tax incentives are commonly applied to reduce risks from making forestry investments
or otherwise increase the economic return from timber production. |
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Keywords: | Innovation Investment opportunity Policy Regulation |
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