基于图素拼装原型的轴类零件参数化设计

阐述了在轴类零件的设计中，以图素拼装原理为基础实现参数化设计的原理和方法；探讨了利用图素拼装原理，将轴类零件设计中重复出现的具有相同结构和功能的几何形体提取出来，作为基本图素的参数化绘图系统，使用该系统，可以大大提高设计速度及图形处理效率。     

RTA厨房家具CAD系统的开发与应用

本文通过分析RTA(ready-to-assemble待组装)厨房家具的特点，基于ObjectARX软件，介绍了厨房家具CAD(计算机辅助设计)系统(KFACD)的开发思路、构成以及应用过程。     

Pattern-oriented modelling for estimating unknown pre-breeding survival rates: The case of the Lesser Spotted Woodpecker (Picoides minor)

In population viability analysis we are often faced with a lack of knowledge of survival rates in animal populations. In particular, survival of recruits is usually hard to assess. However, data on population structure might be considered as patterns that contain valuable information to estimate missing parameters indirectly. As an example for this pattern-oriented modelling and parameterization, pre-breeding survival rate of the endangered Lesser Spotted Woodpecker (Picoides minor) was determined here using data on population structure (e.g. sex ratio) and reproductive success at the population level (e.g. nesting success). Therefore, an individual-based model was developed simulating the population dynamics for two different populations that had been empirically studied at Lake Möckeln, Sweden, and Taunus, Germany. For both populations, a small range for pre-breeding survival rates could be identified wherein all simulated patterns corresponded best to the empirical values. Pre-breeding survival rate was found to be higher in the German scenario than in the Swedish and geographical variation in life-history traits is discussed as a possible reason. It is concluded that the pattern-oriented approach is a valuable method for estimating missing demographic parameters, even when using weak patterns from empirical investigations. Furthermore, it was shown that the use of multiple patterns is necessary for this purpose.     

转子泵设计与建模的参数化集成

为弥补转子泵的二维CAD运用上的缺陷,通过基于UG建立的转子泵优化模型,运算出它的最优基本结构参数z1、e、R、r,并据此展开其三维CAD模型的建立;针对不同设计要求下的p2和q值,实现所建实体模型及后续工作的自动计算和同步更新;同时实例验证了研究结果、方法和见解的正确性和通用性。     

生态环境质量评价的参数化组合算子普适指数公式

[目的]采用基于指标规范值的参数化组合算子普适指数公式,对区域生态环境质量进行评价。[方法]适当设定典型区域生态环境质量各指标参照值和指标值的规范变换式,使规范变换后的标准规范值差异很小,从而可以认为用规范值表示的不同指标皆＂等效＂于某个＂规范＂指标。在满足一定优化目标准则条件下,应用免疫进化粒子群混洗蛙跳算法,对参数化组合算子公式中的参数进行优化从而建立区域生态环境质量评价的普适指数公式。[结果]采用优化后适用于任意m（1≤m≤23）项指标组合的生态环境质量评价的参数化组合算子普适指数公式,对山仔水库周边乡镇的生态环境质量进行评价,其评价结果与未确知测度法的评价结果完全一致,即山仔水库周围5个乡镇的生态环境质量均属于4级。[结论]生态环境质量评价的参数化组合算子普适指数公式具有形式简洁、直观、计算简便和普适通用的特点。     

GRAPES不同参数化方案对新疆“4．18”寒潮降雪的敏感试验

利用我国新一代数值预报模式GRAPES,选择Kessler、NCEP3-class simple ice和simple ice微物理过程参数化方案和Kain—Fritsch、Betts-Miller-Janjic积云参数化方案形成6个组合,对新疆“4．18”寒潮天气的降雪过程进行预报试验,并与实况资料进行比较、检验。结果表明,就降雪个例而言,预报效果相对好的参数化方案存在不确定性,积云参数化方案对降雪的影响比微物理过程参数化方案对降雪的影响大。NCEP3-class simple ice与Kain-Fritsch方案组合对“4．18”寒潮天气降雪量的预报较好。     

高压齿轮泵过渡区阻尼结构参数化

通过研究过渡区压力变化与侧板阻尼结构之间的关系,提出浮动侧板阻尼结构的参数化研究方法.以某高压齿轮泵为模型,对齿轮泵过渡区流场进行解析,并基于响应面方法建立过渡区压力变化的近似模型,在保证齿轮泵容积效率的前提下,以降低侧板过渡区突变为优化目标,对侧板高压油槽阻尼结构进行优化设计,结果表明过渡区压力突变由10.162 MPa降至3.670 MPa.     

Uncertainty in spatially explicit population models

Spatially explicit population models (SEPMs) are often used in conservation planning. However, confidence intervals around predictions of spatially explicit population models can greatly underestimate model uncertainty. This is partly because some sources of uncertainty are not amenable to the classic methods of uncertainty analysis. Here, we present a method that can be used to include multiple sources of uncertainty into more realistic confidence intervals. To illustrate our approach, we use a case study of the wood thrush (Hylocichla mustelina) in the fragmented forest of the North Carolina Piedmont. We examine 6 important sources of uncertainty in our spatially explicit population model: (1) the habitat map, (2) the dispersal algorithm, (3) clutch size, (4) edge effects, (5) dispersal distance, and (6) the intrinsic variability in our model. We found that uncertainty in the habitat map had the largest effect on model output, but each of the six factors had a significant effect and most had significant interactions with the other factors as well. We also found that our method of incorporating multiple sources of uncertainty created much larger confidence intervals than the projections that incorporated only sources of uncertainty included in most spatially explicit population model predictions.     

基于参数化的玉米叶片三维模型主脉提取

提取玉米叶片三维点云模型主脉对于建立真实玉米叶片模型具有指导意义。本文利用计算机图形学中的相关算法,包括离散网格的平均曲率计算、网格曲面的参数化以及点云数据的骨骼提取等,对扫描得到的玉米叶片三维点云模型进行主脉曲线提取。整个算法分为3步:不完整主脉三维点集提取、完整主脉点集提取和三维主脉重建。通过对不同种类玉米叶片三维扫描数据进行实验证明,该算法可以快速、准确地得到玉米叶片的主脉曲线。     

建筑参数化图解的生成特点及价值研究

参数化图解不仅反映了建筑设计学科的演变历程,也反映了学科在传承方面所体现的跨学科融合特性.参数化图解在线性文件中体现设计规则,传达设计分类数据,创造出具有尺度和解释性的有效空间,是当代建筑设计方案形成的重要解释性手段.本文从建筑设计方法论的角度通过图解的产生、发展以及实践应用的系列过程,论证了参数化图解对本土建筑设计思维变革的推动作用.