全文获取类型
收费全文 | 5136篇 |
免费 | 469篇 |
国内免费 | 2篇 |
专业分类
林业 | 526篇 |
农学 | 226篇 |
基础科学 | 43篇 |
1174篇 | |
综合类 | 226篇 |
农作物 | 247篇 |
水产渔业 | 722篇 |
畜牧兽医 | 1896篇 |
园艺 | 130篇 |
植物保护 | 417篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 54篇 |
2022年 | 65篇 |
2021年 | 167篇 |
2020年 | 177篇 |
2019年 | 176篇 |
2018年 | 245篇 |
2017年 | 255篇 |
2016年 | 246篇 |
2015年 | 190篇 |
2014年 | 250篇 |
2013年 | 401篇 |
2012年 | 369篇 |
2011年 | 365篇 |
2010年 | 228篇 |
2009年 | 215篇 |
2008年 | 296篇 |
2007年 | 259篇 |
2006年 | 220篇 |
2005年 | 184篇 |
2004年 | 160篇 |
2003年 | 154篇 |
2002年 | 143篇 |
2001年 | 87篇 |
2000年 | 56篇 |
1999年 | 51篇 |
1998年 | 30篇 |
1997年 | 24篇 |
1996年 | 31篇 |
1995年 | 37篇 |
1994年 | 44篇 |
1993年 | 35篇 |
1992年 | 41篇 |
1991年 | 33篇 |
1990年 | 39篇 |
1989年 | 27篇 |
1988年 | 23篇 |
1987年 | 16篇 |
1986年 | 29篇 |
1985年 | 17篇 |
1984年 | 19篇 |
1983年 | 13篇 |
1982年 | 8篇 |
1980年 | 16篇 |
1979年 | 7篇 |
1978年 | 15篇 |
1976年 | 11篇 |
1975年 | 10篇 |
1972年 | 6篇 |
1971年 | 6篇 |
1969年 | 6篇 |
排序方式: 共有5607条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
M. A. Macedo A. K. Inoue-Nagata T. N. Z. Silva D. M. S. Freitas J. A. M. Rezende J. C. Barbosa M. Michereff-Filho A. R. Nascimento A. L. Lourenção A. Bergamin Filho 《Plant pathology》2019,68(1):72-84
Efficient management of whitefly-borne diseases remains a challenge due to the lack of a comprehensive understanding of their epidemiology, particularly of the diseases tomato golden mosaic and tomato yellowing. Here, by monitoring 16 plots in four commercial fields, the temporal and spatial distribution of these two diseases were studied in tomato fields in Brazil. In the experimental plots these diseases were caused by tomato severe rugose virus (ToSRV) and tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV), respectively. The incidence of each virus was similar in the plots within a field but varied greatly among fields. Plants with symptoms for both diseases were randomly distributed in three of four spatial analyses. The curves representing the progress of both diseases were similar and contained small fluctuations, indicating that the spread of both viruses was similar under field conditions. In transmission experiments of ToSRV and ToCV by Bemisia tabaci MEAM1 (former biotype B), these viruses had a similar transmission rate in single or mixed infections. It was then shown that primary and secondary spread of ToCV were not efficiently controlled by insecticide applications. Finally, in a typical monomolecular model of disease progress, simulation of the primary dissemination of ToSRV and ToCV showed that infected plants were predominantly randomly distributed. It is concluded that, although the manner of vector transmission differs between ToSRV (persistent) and ToCV (semipersistent), the main dispersal mechanisms are most probably similar for these two diseases: primary spread is the predominant mechanism, and epidemics of these diseases have been caused by several influxes of viruliferous whiteflies. 相似文献
2.
The recent change in the regional development strategy of the European Union (EU) results in an important need to study the terms of change and their respective implications. This study seeks, through a bibliometric analysis, to ascertain the developments taking place in studies on research and innovation strategies for smart specialisation (RIS3) to identify shortcomings and opportunities for future research. This bibliometric review drew upon the Scopus database with the sample selected containing all the articles containing the keywords “Research and Innovation Strategies for Smart Specialisation” or “RIS3.” This correspondingly reports how some authors maintain that the path the EU should take involves imitative innovation. Meanwhile, others propose that each region should specialise in those industries that are already established there and thus avoid targeting any areas they do not already know/specialise in. Our findings detail six clusters in RIS3 research, which help in contextualising the literature review: (a) business discovery; (b) smart specialisation; (c) innovation; (d) specialisation; (e) regional policies; and (f) regional development. This study furthermore sets out perspectives for future lines of research and correspondingly seeks to convey a vast theoretical basis that may serve as the point of departure for future studies. 相似文献
3.
da Silva Isadora Gonçalves Castoldi Renata de Oliveira Charlo Hamilton César de Souza Miranda Mateus Nunes Thaíssa Dias Cardoso Costa Luciene Lacerda Lemes Ernane Miranda 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2020,23(2):191-196
Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology - The cultivation of sweet corn is expanding in Brazil, but there are serious constraints about the availability of commercial cultivars. The selection of... 相似文献
4.
Impact of sublethal di‐n‐butyl phthalate on the aquaculture fish species Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus): histopathology and oxidative stress assessment 下载免费PDF全文
Belda Erkmen A Çağlan Karasu Benli Hızlan H Ağuş Zuhal Yıldırım Ramazan Mert Figen Erkoç 《Aquaculture Research》2017,48(2):675-685
Phthalates such as di‐n‐butyl phthalate (DBP) and their esters are widely used plasticizers, their ubiquitous presence in daily life, inevitably leads to their restricted use due to important environmental pollution and health impacts and endocrine disruption potential. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of a sublethal concentration of 10 mg L?1 DBP on haematocrit (HCT) values, gills and liver histology, malondialdehyde (MDA, 2‐thiobarbituric acid‐TBA reactivity) and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels in gills and liver tissue as oxidative stress biomarkers in the aquaculture fish species Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) after 24 (DBP‐24) and 96 (DBP‐96) h exposure. No differences were found between per cent HCT values in the 24 h exposure groups (P > 0.05). Response of antioxidant defence systems in liver and gill tissues of the fish were dependent on exposure duration and changed to a higher extent during 96 h. MDA levels in liver tissue increased in DBP treated fish in comparison to the control fish. However, the differences between the exposure and control groups were not significant (P > 0.05). A statistically significant decrease (P > 0.05) was recorded in gill MDA levels in the DBP‐96 group when compared to the control and DBP‐24 groups. The liver GSH levels were unchanged in the DBP treated fish. However, GSH levels were significantly lower in the gill tissue of the DBP‐96 group. Exposure to DBP caused several degenerative changes in the histology of gill and liver tissue. Gills displayed hyperaemia, epithelial lifting, oedema, talengiectasia, epithelial hyperplasia and fusion of secondary lamellae, whereas in liver several circulatory anomalies (hyperaemia, blood congestion and sinosoid dilatation) and vacuolization of hepatocytes were observed. Histopathological results demonstrated that the gills were more affected than the liver perhaps due to their direct contact with DBP. 相似文献
5.
José Dias-Neto Gustavo Moraes Ramos Valladão Pedro Henrique De Oliveira Viadanna 《Journal Of Applied Aquaculture》2017,29(1):33-45
During the masculinization of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, the effect of a homeopathic complex (containing Chamomilla, Quina, and sulphur) was evaluated based on survival, performance, gills and liver integrity, and parasitism. Group fed with basal diet + 17 alpha-methyltestosterone (control) showed low survival (40.02%), while the group that additionally received homeopathy and the group that received sucrose (vehicle) showed 73.7% and 87.7% survival, respectively. The growth performance of the group that received homeopathic and the control group was significantly higher than that of the group that received only sucrose. Still, fish that received the homeopathic complex showed higher branchial and hepatic integrity as compared to the other groups. The homeopathic complex contributes to a greater survival of fish in addition to maintaining satisfactory growth. Furthermore, homeopathy contributes to the improvement in gill and liver integrity of the Nile tilapia larvae. 相似文献
6.
7.
Digestibility,growth and pigmentation of astaxanthin,canthaxanthin or lutein diets in Lake Kurumoi rainbowfish,Melanotaenia parva (Allen) cultured species 下载免费PDF全文
Nina Meilisza Dedi Jusadi Muhammad Zairin Jr. I Made Artika Nur Bambang Priyo Utomo Tutik Kadarini Muhammad Agus Suprayudi 《Aquaculture Research》2017,48(11):5517-5525
New cultured ornamental fish namely Lake Kurumoi rainbowfish Melanotaenia parva (Allen) run into reduced of colour performances when reared in the aquaria, consequently, fish feed must be added with carotenoids as a pigment source. The aim of this study was to evaluate the digestibility, growth and pigmentation of astaxanthin, canthaxanthin and lutein in diet. Apparent digestibility coefficients (ADC) of dry matter, lipid, protein, carotenoids, growth and pigmentation were studied in twenty fish after 14 and 56 days of observation. The single‐dose supplementation of 100 mg/kg of astaxanthin, canthaxanthin, or lutein diets on fish was fed by apparent satiation. The basal diet without carotenoids was used as control. The result showed that the ADC of carotenoids of test diets was higher compared to control. Fish fed astaxanthin diet had higher survival rate (96.67 ± 2.89%), colour measurements of lightness (57.60 ± 7.46%), a*‐values (4.66 ± 1.20), total carotenoids content in skin (33.75 ± 5.02 mg/kg) and muscle (2.16 ± 0.74 mg/kg). Astaxanthin also increased the growth after 14 days (2.00% ± 0.19%/days) but there was no significantly different at the end of experiment. The yellowish‐orange colour performance was more rapidly achieved by fish fed astaxanthin diet after 28 days experimentation. These values suggested that dietary carotenoids were required and astaxanthin diet was superior to other diets for skin pigmentation of Lake Kurumoi rainbowfish. 相似文献
8.
The Effect of Kefir as a Dietary Supplement on Nonspecific Immune Response and Disease Resistance in Juvenile Rainbow Trout,Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum 1792) 下载免费PDF全文
Gülşen Uluköy Seçil Metin Ayşegül Kubilay Şefik Güney Pınar Yıldırım Zeynep Güzel‐Seydim Tugba Kok‐Tas Erkan Gümüş 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2017,48(2):248-256
In this study, juvenile rainbow trout fed with commercial pellets containing kefir provided increased nonspecific immune response and improved disease resistance against lactococcosis and yersiniosis. Kefir was used as a feed supplement at 2, 5, and 10% inclusion rates and several nonspecific immune parameters were observed at day(s) 1, 7, 14, 21, 28, and 35 following the treatment. A total of four experimental groups, including control, was established. The various parameters including hematocrits, nitroblue tetrazolium positive neutrophils, total leukocytes, serum lysozyme activity, total serum protein, and immunoglobulin M (IgM) levels were examined. As a result of this study, kefir‐fed fish had an increase in measured nonspecific immune parameters, especially in the group received the 10% kefir treatment. The challenged fish fed with kefir‐supplemented diet showed a better survival rate against Lactococcus garvieae than Yersinia ruckeri. Kefir supplementation reduced fish mortality significantly against L. garvieae. 相似文献
9.
In recent years, crayfish aquaculture industry has been developing rapidly in different regions of the world. Crayfish aquaculture is often carried out in dams, lakes and extensive pond systems. There is an increasing demand for crayfish juvenile in aquaculture sector. Therefore, it is important to know which factors affect reproductive efficiency in crayfish. In the present review, factors affecting the reproductive efficiency of crayfish are divided into two main sections, external and internal factors. Dietary lipids, phospholipids, highly unsaturated fatty acids, protein and amino acids, vitamins and carotenoids are important external factors affecting broodstock crayfish reproduction. In addition, various external (i.e. female size, stocking density, temperature, photoperiod, sex ratio) and internal (i.e. endogenous hormones) factors affect the reproductive efficiency in crayfish. This study reviews the present knowledge with the purpose of realizing the factors that are important to reach optimal crayfish nutrition, maturation and reproduction (i.e. pleopodal egg number and quality). This review will particularly be useful for crayfish farmers and crayfish hatchery units. 相似文献
10.
First identification and characterization of Tenacibaculum dicentrarchi isolated from Chilean red conger eel (Genypterus chilensis,Guichenot 1848) 下载免费PDF全文