Resistenzeigenschaften im Gersten- und Weizensortiment Gatersleben 20. Prüfung des Verhaltens von Gersten gegen Flugbrand,Ustilago nuda (Jens.) Rostr.

Zusammenfassung In den Jahren 1964 bis 1974 wurden 362 Winter- und 738 Sommergersten mit einer lokalen Population vonUstilago nuda geprüft. Zur Kennzeichnung der Virulenz des Infektionsmaterials ist das Verhalten von Trägern bekannter Resistenzgene angegeben. Resistenz (0 ... 10% Befall) zeigten 197 oder 18% der 1100 Gersten. Mäßig resistent bis mäßig anfällig (>10 ... 30% Befall) waren 146 oder 13% dieses Sortiments. Als anfällig wurden 69% der Kollektion bewertet.Im Zusammenhang mit diesen Ergebnissen wird auf die Literatur zur Genetik der Flugbrandresistenz und auf Kombinationen mit anderen Resistenzmerkmalen eingegangen.

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Resistance in the Gatersleben barley and wheat collection. 20. Testing of barley for reaction to loose smut,Ustilago nuda (Jens.) Rostr.

Summary During the years 1964–74 362 winter and 738 spring barleys were inoculated with a local smut population. Its virulence is described by the reactions of varieties with identified resistance genes.Of the 1100 varieties tested 197 were resistant (0 ... 10% infection), 146 showed >10 ... 30% infection, and 69 per cent of this collection were classified as susceptible, with infection exceeding 30%.In connection with these results literature on smut resistance and the combination with resistance to other diseases are discussed.

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. 20. , Ustilago nuda (Jens.) Rostr.

1964 1974 . 362 738 Ustilago nuda. . ( 0 10%) 197 1100 (18%). ( 10 30%) 146 (13%). 69% . .

     

Polyuria and Polydipsia and Disturbed Vasopressin Release in 2 Dogs With Secondary Polycythemia

In dogs, secondary polycythemia (SP) may be associated with polyuria and polydipsia (PU/PD). The pathogenesis of this PU/PD has not yet been explained. We hypothesized that hyperviscosity and increased blood volume in SP might affect vasopressin (VP) release, resulting in PU/PD. This hypothesis was tested in 2 dogs with SP caused by renal neo-plasia and PU/PD. Osmoregulation of VP release was studied by a modified water deprivation test and by investigating the VP response to hypertonic saline infusion.
Water deprivation test results were consistent with an inability to produce concentrated urine despite increasing plasma osmolality. During hypertonic saline infusion, the osmotic threshold of VP release was markedly increased in both dogs, resulting in a delayed VP response to increasing plasma osmolality. The sensitivity of VP release was low normal in both dogs. We conclude that blood hyperviscosity and increased blood volume led to impaired VP release and polyuria.     

Evaluation of functional muscle anatomy scalability in the canine hind limb

In contrast to other mammals, the large variation in dog sizes is not accompanied by any significant genetic re-organization. In order to study the relationship between body mass, limb length and the functional anatomical muscle parameters of the canine hind limb, a large dataset comprising of muscle masses, optimal muscle fibre lengths and physiological cross-sectional area's (PCSA) were acquired for twenty-five muscles in ten dogs of sizes varying between 20 kg and 52 kg. The potential of body mass and limb length for reliably scaling individual muscle masses, optimal muscle fibre lengths and PCSA's were examined. For the majority of the muscles of the canine hind limb, neither body mass nor limb length were reliable scaling parameter for either muscle masses, PCSA's and optimal fibre length. These results indicate the need of a breed-specific approach to musculoskeletal modelling in future canine musculoskeletal research.     

THORACIC METASTASES OF CANINE MAMMARY GLAND TUMORS

The absence or presence of metastases on thoracic radiographs in 55 female dogs with mammary gland tumors was assessed by comparing the results of a single radiographic examination, using dorsoventral and left lateral views, with clinical and histologic follow-up data. Radiographic abnormalities found in dogs with thoracic metastases were classified as well-defined pulmonary nodules, ill-defined pulmonary nodules, and involvement of pleural effusion. No obvious difference in the effect on the right or left lung lobes was found. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy for the detection of thoracic metastases were 65%, 97%, and 87%, respectively.     

Equine foetal gender determination in mid‐ to late gestational mares: A practical inquiry

In recent years, the interest in equine foetal gender determination (FGD) during gestation increased remarkably. Ultrasonographic FGD can be performed in two different periods during gestation. The earliest examination can take place at a gestational age of 60–70 days, whereby the genital tubercle is used to differentiate between male and female foeti. The time window of the second approach is wider (120–210 days), and there are more characteristics to take into consideration. In this article, the feasibility and accuracy of ultrasonographic FGD in mid‐ to late gestation are evaluated. One hundred twenty‐one mares from different breeds with a pregnancy stage between 120 and 270 days were examined once, using B‐scale ultrasonography (Esaote MyLab™ClassC). None of the mares were sedated nor shaved, and the procedure was completed within 15 min. Diagnosis was firstly based on the gonads. The final judgement was made based on all visible foetal reproductive organs. In three cases with a pregnancy stage beyond 257 days, FGD was not possible. All of the examined mares in which a FGD could be performed gave birth to a healthy foal. In 98% of the examinations (116/118), the diagnosis was correctly made. In both cases of misdiagnosis, only one characteristic was seen during the procedure and wrongly interpreted. Beyond 210 days of pregnancy, the extremities can preclude a good visualization of the inguinal region. In conclusion, equine FGD in mid‐ to late gestation is an accessible and accurate technique, although a good ultrasound device is a prerequisite and experience and expertise is necessary.