Availability of potato protein concentrate as an alternative protein source to fish meal in greater amberjack (Seriola dumerili) diets

Potato protein concentrate (PPC) is a promising candidate as a fish meal (FM) substitute because it has high protein and essential amino acid content. In the present study, we replaced FM in greater amberjack diets with PPC to investigate the effect on growth and feed utilization. Four isonitrogenous, isolipidic and isocaloric experimental diets were prepared by substituting 0, 20, 40 and 60% of FM protein with PPC (Control, P20, P40 and P60 respectively). The in vitro protein digestibility of protein in PPC was 88.8%, relative to 100% protein in the FM. The in vitro protein digestibility of protein in the experimental diets also decreased with increasing PPC and was lowest at 84.2% in P60. After the 7‐week feeding trial, final body weight, weight gain and thermal growth coefficient tended to decrease with increasing PPC and were significantly lower in P60 than in the control (p < .05). Further, fish fed with diets P40 and P60 showed significantly lower feed conversion and protein efficiency ratios than the control group (p < .05). In conclusion, the results suggest that PPC can replace up to 20% of FM in the diet of greater amberjack without compromising the growth performance or feed efficiency.     

几丁质对草莓的保鲜作用研究

几丁质能抑制微生物对草莓的侵染，可在草莓的表面形成半透膜，阻止ＣＯ２散失，提高草莓表面的ＣＯ２浓度，抑制草莓的呼吸作用，减缓物质分解速度。１％－２％几丁质衍生物水溶液，可使草莓的贮存时间在常温下延长２天左右，在４－８℃条件下延长１５－２０天。     

Mutations in CIC and FUBP1 contribute to human oligodendroglioma

Oligodendrogliomas are the second most common malignant brain tumor in adults and exhibit characteristic losses of chromosomes 1p and 19q. To identify the molecular genetic basis for this alteration, we performed exomic sequencing of seven tumors. Among other changes, we found that the CIC gene (homolog of the Drosophila gene capicua) on chromosome 19q was somatically mutated in six cases and that the FUBP1 gene [encoding far-upstream element (FUSE) binding protein] on chromosome 1p was somatically mutated in two tumors. Examination of 27 additional oligodendrogliomas revealed 12 and 3 more tumors with mutations of CIC and FUBP1, respectively, 58% of which were predicted to result in truncations of the encoded proteins. These results suggest a critical role for these genes in the biology and pathology of oligodendrocytes.     

Altered telomeres in tumors with ATRX and DAXX mutations

The proteins encoded by ATRX and DAXX participate in chromatin remodeling at telomeres and other genomic sites. Because inactivating mutations of these genes are common in human pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PanNETs), we examined the telomere status of these tumors. We found that 61% of PanNETs displayed abnormal telomeres that are characteristic of a telomerase-independent telomere maintenance mechanism termed ALT (alternative lengthening of telomeres). All of the PanNETs exhibiting these abnormal telomeres had ATRX or DAXX mutations or loss of nuclear ATRX or DAXX protein. ATRX mutations also correlate with abnormal telomeres in tumors of the central nervous system. These data suggest that an alternative telomere maintenance function may operate in human tumors with alterations in the ATRX or DAXX genes.     

Antihypertensive effect of Narezushi, a fermented mackerel product, on spontaneously hypertensive rats

ABSTRACT:   During the fermentation of mackerel to narezushi , the concentration of peptides required to inhibit 50% of the ACE activity in the assay media (IC₅₀), as an index of the angiotensin  I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity, was remarkably decreased with a rapid increase in peptide contents. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) decreased between 2 and 4 h after the single oral administration of greater than 10 mg peptide/kg narezushi extract, and recovered to the initial level by 8 h thereafter. The SBP decreased at seven successive daily doses of 10 mg/kg of narezushi extract and then recovered to the initial level 5 days after stopping a total of 10 daily administrations. The extract was administered to five-week-old SHR rats for 70 days and SBP decreased 21 days after starting and continued for 28 days after the end of administration. The peptide-rich fraction from narezushi extract had a powerful antihypertensive effect, whereas the other fraction had a similar, but weak effect.     

甘薯品种抗旱适应性的数量分析

抗旱适应性的定量描述是甘薯品种抗旱性改良的基础工作。目前在甘薯品种抗旱形态指标筛选和抗旱适应性的生理机理方面只有少量研究,尚无抗旱适应性定量描述的报道。本文在测定六个甘薯品种十项抗旱形态生理指标的基础上,运用模糊数学关于隶属函数的方法对甘薯品种抗旱适应性的定量描述作了初步探索。     

甘薯新品种“渝薯34”的生产力及其主要经济性状表现

本文介绍了对甘薯新品种“渝薯34”的生产力和主要经济性状的鉴定结果。在3年重庆市甘薯新品种区域试验中,“渝薯34”平均鲜薯亩产2059.8kg、平均薯干亩产588.0kg,分别比对照品种“徐薯18”增产27.45%和15.34%;平均藤叶亩产1566.3kg,比“徐薯18”减产28.26%。该品种薯块烘干率28.50%,含淀粉19.27%、Vc10.70mg/100g、β—胡萝卜素19.88ug/100g;以干基计,含粗蛋白3.70%、氨基酸3.23%、可溶性糖11.10%。“渝薯34”萌芽性、耐贮性好,结薯早,净同化率高,抗旱性、抗黑斑病性较好,1991年推广面积已达40万亩。     

甘薯人工种子的初步研究

以甘薯(Ipomoea batatas L.Lam)腋芽为繁殖体,采用2%～5%海藻酸钠(加入 MS 基本培养基和1.5%～3%蔗糖)和2%～5%氯化钙包裹后,在MS 琼脂培养基上萌发率达36.5%。在营养土中成苗率为22.22%,移栽大田成活率达100%.人工种子在低温(4±1℃)下贮藏30和60天后,萌发率分别为27.5%和20%.     

蕹菜人工种子—腋芽的包裹,萌发及贮藏研究

本文以蕹菜(Ipomoea aquatica Forsk.)小叶品种为材料,用由MS基本培养基配制的2—5％海藻酸钠包裹腋芽节段(固化剂为2—5％CaC12),制作人工种子。人工种子在MS琼脂培养基上的萌发率达51.02％,在营养土中成苗率为27.59％,大田移栽成活率达100％。低温(4±1)贮藏30天和60天后,萌发率分别为42和26％。     

An integrated genomic analysis of human glioblastoma multiforme

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and lethal type of brain cancer. To identify the genetic alterations in GBMs, we sequenced 20,661 protein coding genes, determined the presence of amplifications and deletions using high-density oligonucleotide arrays, and performed gene expression analyses using next-generation sequencing technologies in 22 human tumor samples. This comprehensive analysis led to the discovery of a variety of genes that were not known to be altered in GBMs. Most notably, we found recurrent mutations in the active site of isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) in 12% of GBM patients. Mutations in IDH1 occurred in a large fraction of young patients and in most patients with secondary GBMs and were associated with an increase in overall survival. These studies demonstrate the value of unbiased genomic analyses in the characterization of human brain cancer and identify a potentially useful genetic alteration for the classification and targeted therapy of GBMs.