Spatial pattern of soil carbon and nutrient storage at the alpine tundra ecosystem of Changbai Mountain,China

气候变化对土壤碳和养分的影响越来越受到生态学家的关注,尤其是对高山冻原生态系统的影响。本研究目的是长白山高山冻原系统土壤碳和养分的空间异质性。结果表明:不同土层深度的土壤碳在Meadow alpine tundra vegetation (MA)中显著地高于其他植被类型(p<0.05);在每一植被类型中,表层(010 cm)碳含量显著地高于1020 cm的土层;土壤氮的分布格局是氮素在表层和1020 cm土层变化规律相似;不同土层深度的土壤磷在Lithic alpine tundra vegetation (LA) 中显著地低于其他植被类型(p<0.05);土壤钾浓度在Felsenmeer alpine tundra vegetation (FA) 和LA中显著地高于其他植被类型,但在每一植被类型中土壤钾浓度随土壤深度没有明显的变化;不同深度土壤硫在MA中显著地高度其他植被类型;对每一植被类型而言,C: N, C: P, C: K 和C: S随土壤深度增加而降低。除了在SA的表层外,表层的土壤C: N高于1020 cm的土层。在长白山高山冻原系统中,随植被类型的变化,土壤碳和养分储量有着显著的空间异质性。参29表3图1。     

红松高生长模型的研究(英文)

高生长模型是定量研究树木生长过程的有效途径,本文应用双曲线方程、Logistic方程、三个参数的Richards方程及四个参数的Richards方程对红松的高生长进行了研究。结果表明四个参数的Richards方程在模拟红松高生长时最为合适,且当其参数取不同的数值时,该方程可转化为其它理论方程。在使用四个参数的Richards方程时,可根据立地条件事先给定树高最大值,这样可使模型更符合实际情况。此外,文中还对一种以固定年龄时实际树高为参数值的模型进行了讨论,该模型对于计算给定树木的高生长将更为有效。     

神农架地区珍衡植物沿河岸带的分布格局

Due to the importance of riparian zone in maintaining and protecting regional biodiversity, increasingly more ecologists paid their attentions to riparian zone and had been aware of the important effects of riparian zone in basic study and practical management. In this study, 42 sampling belts (10 m×100m) parallel to the bank of Xiangxi River at different elevations in Shennongjia Area were selected to investigate the riparian vegetation and rare plants. 14 species of rare plants were found distributing in riparian zone, accounting for 42.4% of the total rare plant species in Shennongjia Area. The main distribution range of the 14 rare plant species was the evergreen and deciduous mixed broadleaved forest at elevation of 1200–1800 m, where, species diversity of plant community was the maximum at the moderate elevation. The analysis of TWINSPAN divided the 14 rare species into 3 groups against the elevation, namely low elevation species group, moderate elevation species group, and high elevation species group. The analysis of DCA ordination showed similar results to that of TWINSPAN. In the paper, the authors discussed the reasons forming the distribution pattern of rare plant species, and pointed out that the important function of riparian zone on rare plant species protection. Foundation item: This project was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC39970123), and Changbai Mountain Open Research Station, Chinese Acadamy of Science. Biography: JIANG Ming-xi (1965-), male, associate professor in Wuhan Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China Responsible editor: Chai Ruihai     

露水河林业局森林景观空间自相关分析与拟合

空间自相关是建立森林景观模型中不可回避的问题,然而目前众多研究中常忽略了这一点,为了探解决考虑空间自相关性,建立森林景观模型的问题,以露水河林业局为例,采用空间自相关分析、半方差分析等手段分析红松森林景观等景观类型的空间自相关性。研究结果发现,Moran’s I指数以及半方差图显示红松在空间分布上具有较强的空间自相关性,但这种空间自相关性从1987-2003年呈现减弱趋势,红松的分布由非随机因素占主导地位逐渐变为随机因素占主导地位,采伐等人为因素对于红松的分布产生了重要影响。在此基础上分别利用经典线性回归模型和空间滞后模型建立了红松森林景观分布与环境驱动因子的模拟模型,经过比较,认为空间滞后模型的拟合度优于经典线性回归模型。     

长白山北坡主要建群种种群结构及重要值沿海拔梯度的变化

From 700 m to 1900 m on the northern slope of Changbai Mountain, 13 plots with an interval of 100 m in elevation were investigated to study the variations of population structure and important value of the main edificators along the elevation gradient. In their core distribution areas, most of the edificators had healthy population structure and could regenerate smoothly except Larix olgensis, but important value of Larix olgensis had no obvious variations with elevation changes, which showed that Larix olgensis had its own particularity and strong adaptability. At high elevation above 1800 m, Betula ermanfi was the only species that could form a mono-dominant community. Important values of Pinus koraiensis and Acer mono had similar changing trends, and they had the similar ecological adaptabilities.     

江西省土地利用变化及其驱动力定量研究

土地利用变化的驱动机制研究是探讨土地利用与土地覆盖变化研究的重点。以中部地区的江西省为例,利用土地利用变更数据与社会经济统计资料,通过分析土地结构变化、土地利用地域分布的特点,分析其工业化、城市化进程中的土地利用变化态势及土地利用变化驱动因素。通过主成分分析,得出江西省从1996年到2004年间,土地利用变化的主要驱动因素为人口、经济发展和农业科技进步。同时提出相应的土地管理对策,为区域土地可持续利用提供科学依据。     

Age structure of Tilia broad-leaved Korean pine forest on northern slope of Changbai Mountain

IntroductionAgestructureoftrees,whichreflcctsrcge11eratio11processandvelocity,meansquantityoftreesdividingbyage.Broad-leavedKoreanpineforestwastl1etypicalzol1alvegetationofChangbaiMountaininNortheastO1ina,anditwastheprimarygymnospermconununitysurvivedaftertheQuatemaryGlacierPeriod.Alotofcommunityinf`)r-mationaccumulatCdinthestr-uctllreofforeststandsa11dgrowingprocessofindividualtrees.So,athoroughstUdyonagestructureanditsdistributiol1ofbroad-leavedKore-anpine.forestwouldprovidetl1eoretical…     

基于3S技术的大凌河流域水土保持管理信息系统建设

 为提高大凌河流域水土流失综合防治技术水平,在水土保持信息资料收集与抽样实地调查的基础上,应用RS、GPS与GIS技术,构建大凌河流域水土保持管理信息系统。该系统不仅利用了RS技术信息丰富、宏观性强等特性,还充分发挥了GIS具有的强大空间分析和管理功能。通过高效科学的管理决策过程,为水土保持监测工作的开展奠定了扎实的数据信息基础和更新方法基础,实现全流域水土保持信息资源共享及动态更新、动态管理和动态监督,从而使辽西大凌河流域水土保持管理实现了信息化、自动化、智能化和高效化。     

潮汕空港口岸入境人员携带植物及其产品疫情分析及对策

本文通过对2011~2015年潮汕机场口岸截获的入境人员禁止携带物情况进行分析,发现潮汕机场口岸有害生物检出种类呈增长态势,有害生物种类以昆虫类最多,热带水果最易检出有害生物,有害生物检出具有季节性效应,检疫性有害生物检出率高且危害大。针对潮汕机场口岸入境旅客携带植物及其产品类有害生物检出特点,结合实际情况,对入境旅客携带物检验检疫提出相关对策措施。     

采伐参数对森林景观格局的影响

合理的森林采伐方式是国内外众多学者研究的热点.中国提出"生态采伐",对于合理采伐、保护森林资源起到了极大的促进作用(唐守正,2005;张会儒等,2007;2008).随着景观生态学的迅速发展,森林景观研究为合理采伐提供了新思路(Baskent et al.,1996;Bettinger et al.,2003;Zollner et al.,2008;Gustafson,1998;2007;邓华锋,1998;张会儒等,2008;张正雄等,2006).