Resettling,disconnecting or displacing? Attending to local sociality,culture and history in disaster settings

In many disaster settings, top‐down responses emphasise ‘expert‐led’ solutions that often involve relocating disaster‐affected communities. While the intention might be to move people from harm's way and facilitate recovery, failure to attend to local pre‐disaster circumstances as well as the interplay between power, resilience and vulnerability within and around affected communities often sees resettlement reconfigure as displacement or disconnection. This oversight may even usher in a new phase of dispossession and disadvantage for marginalised groups (particularly in colonial settings). This paper explores experiences in Australia, Japan and Taiwan to reflect on what issues of local sociality, local culture and local resilience need to be attended to in framing ‘better’ disaster responses.     

Modeling risk analysis for rice production due to agro-climate change and uncertainty in irrigation water

Paddy and Water Environment - This study proposes a risk analysis model for quantifying the insufficient risk of rice production due to the climate change and variation in irrigation water and...     

Evaluation on Inducible Effect of pOp6 Promoter n Transgenic Rice

In order to analyze the Oslbglu4 phenotype, the inducible promoter of the transgenic rice which knock-down the Oslbglu4 expression was assessed. The result showed that 30 μM dexamethasone（DEX） had the stronger induction effect than 10 μM DEX by β-Glucuronidase （GUS） staining, qRT-PCR further verified the Oslbglu4 gene deletion. The effect of DEX and its solvent absolute ethanol on seed development was measured, and no significant effect was observed. The conclusion is that final concentration of DEX at 30 μM is suitable for pOp6 promoter induction.     

On mechanical behavior of traditional timber shear wall in Taiwan I: background and theory derivation

The objectives of this study were to explore the mechanical behavior of traditional timber shear walls in Taiwan and to propose a theoretical model to predict their lateral force resistance. An extensive field investigation was conducted, and the dimensions, tectonic detail, and materials used were recorded. The data collected were used as the reference for theoretical derivation and experimental design. In the theoretical model, the moment resistance of entire shear walls was derived from the contributions of the moment-resisting capacity supplied not only by embedment and friction action between board units and beams but also the dowel action of bamboo nails. Timber shear walls with various geometric conditions and material properties are considered. The theoretical model demonstrated in this study can be used to predict the mechanical behavior of timber shear walls and will be verified by experiments in our next article.     

Shrinkage stresses in wood logs considered as layered,cylindrically orthotropic materials

Summary The deformation and stresses in a circular wood log resulting from an arbitrary radial moisture distribution are examined. In this paper the log is modeled as a layered cylinder, with each layer assumed to be linearly elastic, cylindrically orthotropic, and homogeneous. The general solution to the equations of elasticity for a representative layer is given; constants of integration in the solution are determined through application of appropriate continuity conditions at the layer interfaces. Numerical examples are presented for logs of Scots pine which illustrate the effect of nonuniform moisture content upon the displacement and stress distributions.     

除草剂对不同燕麦品种杂草防治效果及其产量的影响

为了筛选燕麦田高效安全的除草剂,在山西北部地区开展了田间试验,选取田普除草剂(主要成分为二甲戊灵)为试验药剂,8种不同生态型的燕麦品种为供试品种,检验该除草剂对不同品种产量和安全性的影响。研究结果表明:田普除草剂对藜科、蓼科、禾本科、苋科杂草效果较明显,尤其是对藜科杂草的防治效果最好,最高的达到了100%,而对马齿苋科、菊科、旋花科杂草效果不好;使用田普除草剂处理对燕麦品种的穗长、轮层数、小穗数等性状有一定的抑制作用,对籽实千粒重的有促进作用;本研究中喷施除草剂的处理的平均籽实产量比不喷施除草剂的处理和人工除草处理分别增产70.5%和4.3%。此外,该除草剂未对后茬作物(油菜)产生明显药害作用,可对燕麦-油菜倒茬安全使用。     

Modelling the impacts of environmental variation on habitat suitability for Pacific saury in the Northwestern Pacific Ocean

We developed habitat suitability index (HSI) models for two size classes of Pacific saury Cololabis saira in the Northwestern Pacific Ocean. Environmental data, including sea surface temperature, sea surface height, salinity, and net primary production, and catch and effort data from Taiwanese distant‐water stick‐held dip net fisheries during the main fishing season (August–October) during 2002–2015 were used. Habitat preferences and suitable habitat area differed between size classes. The suitable habitat was located between 40–47.5°N and 145–165°E for large‐sized Pacific saury but encompassed a greater area (35–47°N and 140–165°E) for medium‐sized Pacific saury. Both size classes were affected by substantial interannual variation in the environmental variables, which in turn can be important in determining the potential fishing grounds. We found a significant negative relationship between the suitable habitat area and the Niño3.4 indices with a time‐lag of 6 months for the large‐sized (r = ?0.68) and medium‐sized (r = ?0.42) Pacific saury, respectively, as well as the total landings of Pacific saury by all fishing fleets (r = ?0.46). As remotely‐sensed environmental data become increasingly available, HSI models may prove useful for evaluation of possible changes in habitat suitability resulting from climate change or other environmental phenomena and in formulating scientific advice for management.     

提高关中旱地棉田单位面积产量的研究和实践

根据关中地区水文气象条件和棉花需水规律的研究资料分析,说明关中的气候和土壤资源完全能满足旱地棉花丰产所要求的条件。丰产示范结果进一步证明关中旱地棉田是能够获得高产和稳产的,其关键在于掌握自然特点,运用旱地丰产栽培技术,保证全苗和促进早期发育。     

The inheritance of morphological and agronomic characters in spring wheat

Summary Inheritance of yield and its component (number of ears per plant, number of spikelets per ear, number of kernels per ear, 1000-kernel weight), together with the inheritance of morphological characters (flag leaf length, flag leaf breadth, peduncle length, extrusion length and leaf sheath length) and anthesis date was studied in a 5-parent diallel cross of spring wheat varieties. The diallel analysis of gene actions indicated that a large part of the total genetic variation observed for all the characters studied was in the form of additive genetic effects. The degree of dominance was also determined for each character. Number of ears per plant showed most overdominance, followed by leaf sheath length. Full or nearly full dominance was found for anthesis date, flag leaf length and yield per plant. Other characters showed partial dominance. Correlation coefficients showed that yield per plant, as well as being correlated with the yield components, was also assiciated with flag leaf breadth and leaf sheath length. There was no evidence of genetic barriers to the combining of ideal characters among the varieties of different origin.     

玉米田的群体结构与光能分布

玉米田的群体结构和光能分布随密度而异,与播方式的关系不大。就结构与光分布而论,以每亩3,000株的最为理想亦最有利于高产。玉米叶片的伸展方向,可以通过叶片的向光性来自动调节。