转译过程中小RNA病毒与宿主细胞的相互作用

小RNA病毒的转译机制不同于真核细胞mRNA的转译机制,该类病毒是借助于内部核糖体进入位点来启动内部翻译过程的,同时还伴随着宿主细胞蛋白质合成的抑制过程.在此过程中,小RNA病毒与宿主细胞间发生了一系列复杂的相互作用和信息交流,本文对该领域的研究进展作了综述.     

浅谈内蒙古土地沙化的现状与防治对策

土地沙化是我国危害最严重且亟待解决的重大生态问题。加快防沙治沙工作,在推进全国建设小康社会和社会主义现代化进程中具有重大的现实意义。     

The rates of maize growth and lignin biosynthesis change after root-applied chalcone

The effects of root-applied chalcone at 0.15 mmol L⁻¹ on the growth and lignin biosynthesis in maize were investigated. The contents of 4-coumarate: CoA ligase (4CL, EC 6.2.1.12) substrates in maize shoots were increased more rapidly in the samples with chalcone application than in the control and the increase occurred at ≤ 3 h after the application (HAA). The lignin content was reduced by chalcone at ≤ 6 HAA. The shoot growth was suppressed by chalcone at ≤ 9 HAA. Consequently, the results suggest that chalcone suppressed maize growth by inhibiting monolignol biosynthesis.     

Epoxyeicosatrienoic acid: the signal transduction

Cytochrome P450 monoxygenase converts arachionic acid to four epoxyeicosatrienoic acid regiosomes: 5, 6-EET (epoxyeicosatrienoic acid); 8, 9-EET; 11, 12-EET and 14, 15-EET. Recent studies show that EETs are involved in signal transduction. EETs open Ca²⁺-sensit ive K⁺ channel and inhibit Na⁺ channel, Ca²⁺-sensitive Cl^- channel and so on. What is more, EETs have been demonstrated to activate PP60^c-src and initiate a tyrosine kinase cascade that mediates mitogenic effects.     

Effects of 11, 12-EET and ischemic preconditioning on phosphorylated ERK and p38 MAPK during ischemia and reperfusion in rat myocardium

AIM: In order to study the relationship between the ERK and p38 MAPK activation and the protection of 11, 12-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (11, 12-EET) and ischemia preconditioning (IP), the effects of 11, 12-EET and ischemic preconditioning on phosphorylated ERK and p38 MAPK during ischemia and reperfusion in rat myocardium were examined. METHODS: The rat heart was subjected to ischemia for 5 min by ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery followed by reperfusion for 5 min (two times) to undergo ischemia preconditioning. The rats were divided into 5 groups: (1) control; (2) sham group; (3) ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) group, in which the rat heart suffered from 60 min ischemia followed by 30 min reperfusion; (4) IP plus I/R group; (5) EET plus I/R group, in which 6.28×10^-8 mol/L 11, 12-EET was injected intravenously 20 min before I/R. The heart function was examined, and phosphorylated ERK and p38 MAPK were detected by Western blot. RESULTS: At 30 min reperfusion, +dp/dt_max, -dp/dt_max and LVDP decreased significantly in I/R group compared with sham group, IP plus I/R group and EET plus I/R group; Phosphorylated ERK1/2 level was higher in I/R group than sham group, but was lower in I/R group than IP plus I/R group and EET plus I/R group; Phosphorylated p38 MAPK level was lower in control, sham, IP plus I/R and EET plus I/R group than I/R group. CONCLUSION: 11,12-EET protects rat heart against ischemia/reperfusion injury, the mechanism may be related to activation of ERK1/2 and inhibition of p38 MAPK.     

Bt玉米对中红侧沟茧蜂发育的间接影响及室内行为研究

利用Y-型嗅觉仪研究了中红侧沟茧蜂(Microplitis Mediator Haliday)对Bt玉米、常规玉米、粘虫幼虫和其虫粪及虫害苗挥发物的行为反应,同时研究了Bt玉米对中红侧沟茧蜂发育的影响。结果表明,两种玉米健康植株的挥发物对中红侧沟茧蜂均有引诱作用;中红侧沟茧蜂对两种玉米的健康植株及机械损伤株挥发物之间的选择性无显著差异;相对于Bt玉米,中红侧沟茧蜂更趋向于选择常规玉米的虫伤苗及玉米-粘虫幼虫-虫粪混合物的挥发物。与对照(寄生于取食常规玉米粘虫的中红侧沟茧蜂)相比,寄生于取食Bt玉米粘虫幼虫的中红侧沟茧蜂幼虫历期延长,出茧率、茧重、羽化率、蜂重均有显著降低,茧历期、蜂历期则差异不显著。     

中国牧草育种研究进展

综述了我国牧草种质资源、生物技术、新品种培育、良种繁育等方面的研究进展,分析了我国牧草育种研究中存在的优异牧草种质资源匮乏、育种方法较为落后、良繁体系不健全等问题,并提出了加强基础研究、完善国家牧草种质资源、牧草遗传育种及良繁体系建设的建议。     

野生冰草种质资源同工酶遗传多样性分析与评价

分析了分布在内蒙古地区的16份野生冰草种质资源酯酶和过氧化物酶的基因位点,结果表明:2种酶共检测到4个等位基因位点,21条酶带,均为多态位点,两种等位酶4个基因位点平均杂合度为77.22%,显示了较高的多态性;依据同工酶谱带信息,把供试种群聚类并划分成3个类群,类群之间存在明显的遗传差异,但是基于同工酶分析进行的分类来确定材料的地理区域有一定的局限性。     

气肿疽梭菌细胞毒素CctA基因的克隆及生物信息学分析

根据GenBank中气肿疽梭菌细胞毒素CctA基因的参考序列,采用PCR方法扩增细胞毒素CctA基因。在将该基因进行克隆和测序后利用生物信息学方法,对细胞毒素CctA蛋白的理化性质、结构功能域、蛋白质二级结构和三级结构及抗原表位等重要参数进行了预测和分析。结果表明:与参考序列(JQ692583)相比,存在3处突变,核苷酸序列的同源性和氨基酸序列的同源性均为99.4%;CctA蛋白的理论等电点为8.00,不存在跨膜区和信号肽序列,二级结构以β-折叠和无规则卷曲为主,主要有4个抗原表位区域。本研究为CctA蛋白功能的深入研究提供了参考,并为气肿疽梭菌单克隆抗体的制备及合成肽疫苗的研发奠定了基础。