PRRSV弱毒细胞疫苗与灭活疫苗生殖道黏膜免疫效果观察

应用组织学方法比较观察了猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)弱毒细胞疫苗与灭活疫苗生殖道黏膜免疫的效果。试验选用5月龄长白×大约克夏二元杂交母猪18头。PRRSV弱毒细胞疫苗和灭活疫苗通过生殖道黏膜免疫接种。结果表明PRRSV弱毒细胞疫苗生殖道黏膜接种组母猪的子宫黏膜上皮内淋巴细胞数较灭活疫苗生殖道黏膜免疫接种组和对照组母猪显著减少(P<0.01);而且子宫黏膜上皮变矮变薄,变得有些不规则。灭活疫苗生殖道黏膜接种组母猪子宫黏膜上皮内淋巴细胞数与对照组母猪间差异不显著(P>0.05)。本试验结果显示PRRSV弱毒细胞疫苗经生殖道黏膜免疫接种则对生殖道黏膜上皮内淋巴细胞产生抑制作用。说明PRRSV弱毒细胞疫苗和灭活疫苗经生殖道黏膜免疫效果不理想     

基于改进入侵杂草算法优化的PID生物质废弃物发酵热能控制模式

生物质废弃物发酵系统是一个大时滞系统，针对生物质发酵系统中的热能控制存在波动大、振荡多和超调大的问题，提出基于改进入侵杂草算法优化的PID生物质废弃物发酵热能控制方法，运用改进入侵杂草算法对PID控制器的参数进行在线调整。算例仿真表明，所提方法能够快速、稳定且高精度地实现对生物质废弃物发酵系统的热能控制，为沼气制取提供了稳定的热能环境，实现了沼气的稳定供应。      

Effect of soil acidification on the growth and nitrogen use efficiency of maize in Ultisols

Purpose

To examine the effect of soil acidification on growth and nitrogen (N) uptake by maize in Ultisols.

Materials and methods

A clay Ultisol derived from Quaternary red earth and a sandy Ultisol derived from tertiary red sandstone were used in this study. A pot experiment was conducted with maize growing in the two Ultisols acidified to different pH values. Urea with ¹⁵N abundance of 10.11% was used to investigate the distribution of N fertilizer between soil and plant. Total N content and ¹⁵N abundance in plant and soil samples were determined by elemental analysis-isotope mass spectrometry.

Results and discussion

Critical soil pHs of 4.8 and 5.0 were observed for maize growing in the clay and sandy Ultisols, respectively. Below the critical soil pH, increasing soil pH significantly increased maize height and the yield of maize shoots and roots (both P < 0.05), but changes in soil pH showed no significant effect on maize growth above the critical soil pH in both Ultisols. Maize growing in the sandy Ultisol was more sensitive to changes in soil pH than in the clay Ultisol. Increase in the pH in both Ultisols also increased N accumulation in maize, the N derived from fertilizer in maize, physiological N use efficiency, and N use efficiency (NUE) by maize. Changes in soil pH had a greater effect on these parameters below the critical soil pH, compared to above. The change in soil pH had a greater effect on N accumulation in maize, the N derived from fertilizer in maize, and NUE in the sandy Ultisol than in the clay Ultisol. The NUE increased by 24.4% at pH 6.0, compared with pH 4.0 in the clay Ultisol, while the NUE at pH 5.0 was 4.8 times that at pH 4.0 in the sandy Ultisol. The increase in soil pH increased the ratio of N accumulation in maize/soil residue N and decreased the potential loss of fertilizer N from both Ultisols.

Conclusions

Soil acidification inhibited maize growth, reduced N uptake by maize, and thus, decreased NUE. To maintain soil pH of acidic soils above the critical values for crops is of practical importance for sustainable food production in acidic soils.

     

油管式传感器车辆行驶称重系统算法研究

在分析油管式车辆动态称重系统工作原理和特性的基础上,建立了相应的称重系统称量数学模型;利用非线性最小二乘优化算法获得最小平方误差意义上的静载参数估计,同时根据前后油管信号的相关性实现了车速的精确测量和计算;并通过实车试验,验证该算法是可行的,且达到了较好的精度,为车辆超载检测提供了一种经济有效的手段。     

典型工况下装载机液压系统载荷时间历程的制取方法

针对目前装载机发动机与液力变矩器功率匹配存在的缺陷,该文构建了装载机液压测试系统,确定了传感器压力信号与转矩间的定量关系。在分析确定装载机典型试验工况为铲装工况、采样频率为1000Hz与样本长度为60个作业循环的基础上,按照规范对装载机进行了实机试验,应用Vib’SYS和nSoft软件对试验数据进行了分段与合并处理、滤波与去异值处理以及数据平稳性检验,研究了装载机典型工况液压系统载荷时间历程的制取方法,并给出了铲掘原生土时液压系统消耗发动机转矩的单次典型循环时间为87.304s的载荷时间历程,该研究为装载机优化匹配设计提供依据。     

金银花水提醇沉剂对家兔离体小肠运动的影响

目的：观察不同处理的金银花水提醇沉剂对家兔离体小肠运动性能的影响,并探讨其药理作用的机制。方法：采用离体器官法,利用BL—New century生物信号采集与处理系统,记录不同处理的金银花水提醇沉剂对离体小肠作用前后的张力值。结果：乙醇体积分数为50、70和90%,药液浓度为0.1、0.5和1.0g/ml的金银花水提醇沉剂对家兔离体小肠运动均有明显的抑制作用,用药前后差异极显著（P<0.01）;不同处理间比较,以乙醇体积分数为70%,浓度为1.0g/ml的金银花水提醇沉剂作用最强（P<0.01）;乙醇体积分数相同时,随着金银花浓度的增大,其对小肠运动的抑制作用加强。结论：金银花水提醇沉剂对家兔离体小肠运动有明显的抑制作用,且生药含量越大,抑制作用越明显。