Has bovine somatotropin (BST) an effect upon drug disposition? Comparative studies in goats and cattle with sulphadimidine and antipyrine after parenteral administration of BST,zeranol and proligestone

Daily subcutaneous BST injection in lactating cows, bulls and castrated male dwarf goats did not induce significant changes in the pharmacokinetic parameters of antipyrine (AP) and sulphadimidine (SDD). Similarly, no changes were obtained after injection of slow-release BST formulations in lactating cows and non-lactating female goats. In contrast to androgenic hormones, both zeranol and proligestone had no effect upon the disposition of AP and SDD, although both synthetic hormones did induce enhanced plasma somatotropin concentrations. In goats, metabolic effects induced by zeranol and BST included significant reductions in plasma urea values, whereas plasma creatinine levels were somewhat lower after daily BST administration.     

核桃果实害虫危害损失的测定

核桃长足象(Alcidosdes Jugland Chao)、核桃举肢蛾(Atrijuglans hitauhei Yans)是引起核桃早期落果的主要果实害虫.它们与核桃当年产量损失及损失率有密切关系,害虫危害越重,产量损失率越大,其中产量损失率最高可达75.3%.且对次年挂果量有影响,危害程度越大,对次年挂果影响也越大.因此,核桃果实害虫对次年该桃产量的损失不仅包括虫害落果部分还应包括因虫害而影响挂果减少量中的一部分.     

乙纶发光网线在张网拖网上的初步应用

试验结果表明，发光网线应用于被动性张网渔具时，增产效果不明显，而且还必须考虑资源保护和解决光源激发问题。在拖网渔具上应用时，能提高渔获效率，夜间生产效果高于白天，而且调整方便。     

Ursolic acid induces allograft inflammatory factor-1 expression via a nitric oxide-related mechanism and increases neovascularization

Ursolic acid (UA), a triterpenoid compound found in plants, is used in the human diet and in medicinal herbs and possesses a wide range of biological benefits including antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anticarcinogenic effects. Endothelial expression of allograft inflammatory factor-1 (AIF-1) mediates vasculogenesis, and nitric oxide (NO) produced by endothelial NO (eNOS) represents a mechanism of vascular protection. It is unclear whether UA affects the neovascularization mediated by AIF-1 and eNOS expression. This study investigated the effects and mechanisms of UA on angiogenesis in vivo in hind limb ischemic animal models and in vitro in human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCECs). This study explored the impact of UA on endothelial cell (EC) activities in vitro in HCECs, vascular neovasculogenesis in vivo in a mouse hind limb ischemia model, and the possible role of AIF-1 in vasculogenesis. The results demonstrate that UA enhances collateral blood flow recovery through induction of neovascularization in a hind limb ischemia mouse model. In vitro data showed that UA increases tube formation and migration capacities in human endothelial cells, and exposing HCECs to UA increased AIF-1 expression through a NO-related mechanism. Moreover, UA administration increased capillary density and eNOS and AIF-1 expression in ischemic muscle. These findings suggest that UA may be a potential therapeutic agent in the induction of neovascularization and provide a novel mechanistic insight into the potential effects of UA on ischemic vascular diseases.     

云南高原不同甘薯地方品种种薯萌芽特性研究

本文对40个云南高原甘薯地方品种种薯萌芽特性进行了比较研究，结果表明：“易门黄皮”、“蒙自黄心”、“卷叶”、“紫红皮”、“普洱黄山芋”、“红鸡窝”、“路南红皮”、“樱枝”、东川白花”等一批云南甘薯地方品种种薯萌芽能力强，出苗较早，幼苗生长状况较好，是选育甘薯新品种的重要亲本材料，亦可在生产上直接利用。     

水稻不同穗型品种穗颈节间组织与籽粒充实特性的研究

本文用7个不同穗型的中稻品种,研究了重穗型、中穗型、轻穗型品种的穗颈节间组织特性及其与籽粒充实的关系.结果表明:穗颈节间维管束数目,维管束、韧皮部面积,茎横切面、茎壁、髓腔面积,均是重穗型>中穗型>轻穗型品种.穗颈节间输导组织特征与空壳率的大小无关,但它是籽粒充实的重要前提和解剖学基础.穗颈节间茎的粗度、茎壁的     

Teaching reasoning

Twentieth-century psychologists have been pessimistic about teaching reasoning, prevailing opinion suggesting that people may possess only domain-specific rules, rather than abstract rules; this would mean that training a rule in one domain would not produce generalization to other domains. Alternatively, it was thought that people might possess abstract rules (such as logical ones) but that these are induced developmentally through self-discovery methods and cannot be trained. Research suggests a much more optimistic view: even brief formal training in inferential rules may enhance their use for reasoning about everyday life events. Previous theorists may have been mistaken about trainability, in part because they misidentified the kind of rules that people use naturally.     

The spin excitation spectrum in superconducting YBa(2)Cu(3)O(6.85)

A comprehensive inelastic neutron scattering study of magnetic excitations in the near optimally doped high-temperature superconductor YBa(2)Cu(3)O(6.85) is presented. The spin correlations in the normal state are commensurate with the crystal lattice, and the intensity is peaked around the wave vector characterizing the antiferromagnetic state of the insulating precursor, YBa(2)Cu(3)O(6). Profound modifications of the spin excitation spectrum appear abruptly below the superconducting transition temperature T(c), where a commensurate resonant mode and a set of weaker incommensurate peaks develop. The data are consistent with models that are based on an underlying two-dimensional Fermi surface, predicting a continuous, downward dispersion relation connecting the resonant mode and the incommensurate excitations. The magnetic incommensurability in the YBa(2)Cu(3)O(6+)(x) system is thus not simply related to that of another high-temperature superconductor, La(2-)(x)Sr(x)CuO(4), where incommensurate peaks persist well above T(c). The temperature-dependent incommensurability is difficult to reconcile with interpretations based on charge stripe formation in YBa(2)Cu(3)O(6+x) near optimum doping.     

Ferroelectricity in ultrathin perovskite films

Understanding the suppression of ferroelectricity in perovskite thin films is a fundamental issue that has remained unresolved for decades. We report a synchrotron x-ray study of lead titanate as a function of temperature and film thickness for films as thin as a single unit cell. At room temperature, the ferroelectric phase is stable for thicknesses down to 3 unit cells (1.2 nanometers). Our results imply that no thickness limit is imposed on practical devices by an intrinsic ferroelectric size effect.     

新型乳酸制品──核桃酸奶的制作

试验以核桃仁和脱脂奶粉为原料，对核桃仁预处理、发酵剂的制备、酸奶原料配比及发酵时间等工艺进行了探讨，确定合理的制作工艺．研制出芳香浓郁，口感细腻的核桃酸奶。