Quantification of plasma and egg 4,4'-dinitrocarbanilide (DNC) residues for the efficient development of a nicarbazin-based contraceptive for pest waterfowl

Urbanization and associated landscaping has increased the abundance of year-round habitat for waterfowl, resulting in vegetation damage, loss of recreational activities, air transportation mishaps and health hazards. As part of a research program to develop socially acceptable techniques for management of pest bird populations, we are evaluating nicarbazin as a contraceptive in pest and surrogate avian species. As reproductive studies with Canada Geese (Branta canadensis) are tedious due to the difficulty of conducting controlled field studies and/or breeding geese in captivity, we evaluated the effects of oral nicarbazin administration on the production and hatchability of chicken eggs. Blood plasma and egg DNC concentrations were correlated to contraceptive efficacy. Subsequent studies are being conducted with geese to determine the diet nicarbazin concentration required to produce the desired blood and plasma DNC concentrations. This approach permits the expeditious evaluation of formulations and dosing regimes by simply monitoring blood DNC concentrations in target species.     

酶联免疫法测定鸡肉中尼卡巴嗪残留

为了建立鸡肉中尼卡巴嗪残留标志物4,4’-二硝基均二苯脲（DNC）残留酶联免疫（ELISA）检测方法。将N-琥珀酰-L-丙氨酰-L-丙氨酰-L-丙氨酸4-硝基苯胺（SAN）与载体蛋白偶联作为抗原免疫动物,获得抗DNC抗体,在此基础上建立了鸡肉中尼卡巴嗪残留的检测方法。人工抗原中SAN与载体蛋白的结合比约为12：1,血清效价1：2000倍,鸡肉中检测限为9．2μg／kg,添加回收率在49．4％～118％之间,批内、批间变异系数均小于20％。该方法在灵敏度、精密度和准确度方面均能满足兽药残留筛选检测要求。     

鸡组织中尼卡巴嗪残留HPLC检测方法的研究

建立了尼卡巴嗪标识残留物在鸡组织中残留的HPLC检测方法.样品用乙腈提取,正己烷脱脂,C18固相小柱净化.以乙腈:水(52: 48)为流动相,紫外检测器在波长340 nm处检测.在该检测条件下,尼卡巴嗪标示残留物DNC的检测限为31.25μg/kg,定量限为100μg/kg.DNC工作液在31.25～8 000 μg/kg范围内药物浓度与峰面积呈良好的线性关系(r=0.999 9).尼卡巴嗪在鸡肌肉、肝脏和肾脏中添加浓度分别为0.1、0.2和0.4 μg/g时,样品回收率在80.06%～89.87%之间.批内变异系数小于7.09%,批间变异系数小于6.34%.     

尼卡巴嗪对鸡柔嫩艾美耳球虫田间株的敏感性试验

以最适抗球虫活性百分率(POAA)、病变记分减少率(RLS)、相对卵囊产量(ROP)和抗球虫指数(ACI)为指标,检测了尼卡巴嗪对秦皇岛株和唐山株柔嫩艾美耳球虫的敏感性.结果表明,唐山株柔嫩艾美耳球虫对尼卡巴嗪无耐药性,秦皇岛株对其呈轻度耐药性.提示尼卡巴嗪在唐山和秦皇岛地区可以继续合理使用,但应控制用量和使用时间,以...     

4,4'-Dinitrocarbanilide (DNC) concentrations in egg shells as a predictor of nicarbazin consumption and DNC dose in goose eggs

Nicarbazin is being investigated as an infertility agent for the control of non-migratory Canada geese (Branta canadensis L) populations. Nicarbazin is presently registered for use as a coccidiostat for poultry. Geese fed sufficient quantities of nicarbazin will lay non-viable eggs. We established nicarbazin consumption by measuring the concentration of a component of the formulation, 4,4'-dinitrocarbanilide (DNC) in the egg contents (yolk, albumin) in non-viable eggs. To estimate the nicarbazin consumption of birds that laid viable eggs (eggs that hatched or contained an embryo), a high-performance liquid chromatography method was developed to measure the concentration of DNC in egg shells. A statistically significant correlation was established using linear regression between the mean concentrations of DNC in the egg shell and in the egg contents in non-viable eggs. Viable eggs were estimated to contain lower levels of DNC than non-viable eggs. DNC concentrations in both the egg contents and the egg shell increased with increases in nicarbazin dose in feed. Our method allows for the estimation of nicarbazin consumption and DNC dose in eggs under field conditions, which is important in developing an effective infertility agent for over-abundant non-migratory goose populations.     

尼卡巴嗪的残留检测方法进展

尼卡巴嗪是一种广谱、高效、性能稳定的饲料添加剂,用于防治鸡、火鸡等禽类球虫病,对已产生耐药性的球虫,仍有显著疗效。然而,尼卡巴嗪残留对人体存在潜在的威胁,需对其进行残留监控。综述了尼卡巴嗪残留检测方法,包括高效液相色谱法,差示脉冲极谱法,分光光度法,气相色谱法,高效液相色谱串联质谱法以及免疫色谱法。     

抗球虫药尼卡巴嗪的残留检测方法进展

尼卡巴嗪是一种广谱、高效、性能稳定的饲料添加剂,用于防治鸡、火鸡等禽类球虫病,对已产生耐药性的球虫,仍有显著疗效。然而,尼卡巴嗪残留对人体存在潜在的威胁,需对其进行残留监控。目前,尼卡巴嗪残留检测方法很多,包括高效液相色谱法,差示脉冲极谱法,分光光度法,气相色谱法,高效液相色谱串联质谱法以及免疫色谱法。本文对这些方法加以综述。