Effects of dietary protein and lipid levels on growth performance,fatty acid composition and antioxidant‐related gene expressions in juvenile loach Misgurnus anguillicaudatus

Dojo loach (Misgurnus anguillicaudatus) is one of the most important cultured freshwater fish in several East Asian countries. However, a little information is available in its nutritional requirements. Thus, this study was conducted to evaluate the effects of feeding varying levels of dietary protein and lipid on growth, fatty acid composition and antioxidant‐related gene expressions in juvenile loach. Six practical diets at three levels of protein (30%, 40% and 50%) and two levels of lipid (6% and 12%) were fed to loach juveniles (initial weight 0.40 g) in triplicated groups (20 fish per replicated) for a period of 8 weeks. Results showed that regardless of lipid level, body weight gain of fish was significantly increased with incremental dietary protein level. Meanwhile, feed conversion ratio was significantly decreased by dietary protein levels, and the lowest value was observed in fish fed dietary protein levels of 50%, regardless of dietary lipid level. Moreover, the percentage of 22:6n‐3 in viscera was significantly increased by different protein levels. The expression level of catalase was significantly increased with incremental dietary protein level with both lipid levels. Meanwhile, the expression level of hepatic nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2) was downregulated with incremental dietary protein level with 6% of lipid level, but the expression was upregulated with incremental dietary protein level with 12% of lipid level. In conclusion, these data suggested that 6% lipid and 50% protein in diet was optimal for loach during early development stage.     

Analysis of three types of triterpenoids in tetraploid white birches (Betula platyphylla Suk.) and selection of plus trees

Betulin, oleanolic acid, and betulinic acid are naturally occurring pentacyclic triterpenoids that have significant medicinal value. Considerable amounts of these triterpenoids are available in the out...     

二倍体和四倍体泥鳅线粒体ND-5/6基因多态性的PCR-RFLP分析

采用PCR-RFLP分析方法,对洞庭湖、武汉两地的二倍体和四倍体泥鳅线粒体DNAND-5/6基因多态性及4个群体遗传变异和遗传关系进行了研究。结果表明,120尾泥鳅mtDNAND-5/6扩增片段长度均为2.2kb;从13种限制性内切核酸酶中筛选出6种多态性内切酶(HaeⅢ、DraⅠ、RsaⅠ、TaqⅠ、HinfⅠ、MspⅠ),对扩增产物进行酶切,共检测到66种单倍型。泥鳅群体内单倍型多样性和核苷酸多样性分别为0.7679～0.9385和0.01041～0.03212;其中,洞庭湖二倍体核苷酸多样性最高(0.03212),武汉二倍体其次(0.02452),二倍体群体内核苷酸多样性高于四倍体。群体间的核苷酸多样性(π)大小为0.02588～0.04144,平均值为(0.031737±0.000005)。群体间的核苷酸歧化距离(δ)大小为0.00462～0.01617,平均值为(0.010659±0.000003);其中,武汉二倍体和四倍体之间的核苷酸歧化距离最大(0.01617),武汉四倍体和洞庭湖二倍体之间的核苷酸歧化距离最小(0.00462)。MonteCarlo模拟x2检验表明,4个群体间的单倍型频率存在极...     

硫酸铜对泥鳅精子活力的影响

以泥鳅精子为受试材料,应用计算机辅助精子分析系统,研究硫酸铜(0.1、1、10 mg/L)对泥鳅的精子活力的影响.结果表明,在0 h试验组,0.1 mg/L的硫酸铜明显降低泥鳅精子运动速度,1 mg/L的硫酸铜对运动时间和速度产生显著抑制作用,10 mg/L的硫酸铜时运动百分数、运动时间和速度都产生明显影响(P<0.0...     

苏州地区泥鳅与大鳞副泥鳅肌肉微量元素含量比较

为了评价泥鳅与大鳞副泥鳅营养与食品安全性，采用电感耦合等离子体一原子发射光谱法（ICP—AES）对苏州地区泥鳅与大鳞副泥鳅肌肉组织中的K、Ca、Na、Mg,P、Fe、Zn、Cu、Mn、Se、Cr、Pb、Cd、As14种元素含量进行测定与分析。结果显示：泥鳅与大鳞副泥鳅肌肉组织中均富含K、Ca、Na、Mg、P等常量元素，并含有人体所必需的Fe、Zn、Cu、Mn等微量元素，As未检测出，Cd、Pb的含量均低于国家限量标准。     

偶氮类色素胭脂红对泥鳅组织酯酶同工酶表达的影响

采用肌肉注射法进行染毒,运用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法研究胭脂红在不同注射剂量、不同染毒时间对泥鳅肝脏、心脏、脾脏、肌肉酯酶同工酶表达的影响。试验结果表明,经一定剂量的胭脂红注射后,泥鳅酯酶同工酶在脾脏中表达最强,肝脏和心脏次之,肌肉最弱,其中脾脏的表达随时间、浓度呈减弱趋势,其余组织则呈先增强再减弱最后增强的趋势。     

泥鳅生长及抗氧化 解毒酶系统对水体中转Cry1Ab/Ac基因水稻残遗物的响应

在泥鳅养殖水体中添加稻秆粉模拟水稻残遗物生境,研究了泥鳅生长和肝胰脏抗氧化酶(SOD、CAT)与解毒酶(GST)活性对转Cry1Ab/Ac基因水稻‘华恢1号’(HH1)的响应。设计以HH1稻秆粉10 mg·L?1、50 mg·L?1、100 mg·L?1和200 mg·L?1 4个梯度浓度处理泥鳅为试验组,以非转Bt基因水稻‘明恢63’(MH63)稻秆粉处理组为阴性对照,不加稻秆粉的基础饲养组为空白对照。结果显示:在4种稻秆粉浓度下,HH1组与MH63对照组泥鳅的特定生长率、肥满度、内脏系数及SOD、CAT和GST酶活性均无显著差异(P0.05);与空白对照比较,稻秆粉浓度升高对泥鳅生长的抑制逐渐增强,当浓度达到200 mg·L?1时,HH1组和MH63对照组泥鳅的特定生长率、内脏系数与CAT活性降低。研究结果表明,水体中低含量的转融合基因Cry1Ab/Ac水稻HH1稻秆粉对泥鳅的生长与生理酶活性没有明显影响,高浓度HH1和MH63稻秆粉均使泥鳅的生长和生理酶活性显著降低,这可能与养殖水体中浓度较高的悬浮稻秆粉妨碍了泥鳅的呼吸和滤食,及稻秆粉的分解降低了水体p H和溶氧量有关。     

Polymorphism and Genetic Diversity for the Seed Storage Proteins in Spanish Cultivated Einkorn Wheat (Triticum monococcum L. ssp. monococcum)

The seed storage protein composition of one collection of cultivated einkorn wheat (Triticum monococcum L. ssp. monococcum) of Spanish origin has been analysed by SDS-PAGE and A-PAGE. Three allelic variants were detected for the Glu-A1^m, whereas up to six alleles were detected for the Glu-A3^m. For the gliadins, 7 and 14 alleles for the Gli-A1^m and Gli-A2^m were found between the evaluated accessions. Internal variability was detected in some of these materials, which could be related to the landrace nature of them. Up to 48 different genotypes based on the origin and seed storage protein composition have been identified. Further researches on these materials must be carried out for determining the variability degree in morphological traits that could complement the evaluation for their safeguard.     

甜菜二倍体授粉系的选育技术

介绍了甜菜二倍体授粉系经过群体淘汰、定向选择、小区试验、横向对比等一系列步骤,最终精选出较为理想的父系的育种程序。     

大黄鱼二倍体和三倍体血液生理指标的比较研究

本文对人工诱导的大黄鱼三倍体与正常数大黄鱼二倍体的血液血细胞常值测定,并对血液生理指标进行比较研究。结果表明:体长25.2～29.2cm,体重180.0～331.0g的二倍体大黄鱼,红细胞平均值为2.33±0.12(×1012个/L);白细胞平均值为23.65±2.45(×109个/L);血栓细胞平均值为42.50±7.14(×109个/L)。体长25.2～27.5cm,体重224.0～281.0g的三倍体大黄鱼,红细胞平均值为1.22±0.18(×1012个/L);白细胞平均值为31.19±3.52(×109个/L);血栓细胞平均值为29.25±5.91(×109个/L)。分析比较大黄鱼二倍体、三倍体各项血液生理指标,除血红蛋白无显著性差异外,其余各项血液生理指标有显著性差异。