改良大豆胚尖再生体系的研究

为了研究利用Thidiazuron(TDZ)建立大豆胚尖高效再生体系的可行性。跃进10号的成熟种子浸泡16 h后,收集胚尖转入添加了不同浓度的TDZ芽诱导培养基中,4周后计算出芽率,并对拔高培养基和生根培养基进行优化。TDZ浓度为0.08 mg/L时,出芽率最高,达92.6%,平均每个外植体产生的丛生芽的数目也最多。适宜大豆胚尖的芽诱导分化培养基为MS+0.08 mg/L TDZ,拔高培养基为MS+2.0 mg/L KT+0.2 mg/L NNN,生根培养基为1/2MS+1.0 mg/L IBA。利用TDZ建立大豆胚尖高效再生体系是可行的,提高了丛生芽的分化率,为快繁和提高遗传转化效率奠定了坚实的基础。     

噻苯隆+金满田对露地辣椒的应用效果

以"线香辣102"辣椒为试材,研究了不同浓度噻苯隆和金满田配合使用对露地辣椒产量及抗病性的影响。结果表明:不同配比浓度的噻苯隆、金满田对辣椒的产量、果实长度、果实直径、果实内壁、平均单果重、平均单株产量、辣椒疫病病情指数、防治效果均有较大影响,最大增产可达100.20%,最大防治效果可达54.84%,经方差分析,最高产量喷施浓度分别为1.5mg/kg噻苯隆+0.200%金满田。     

噻二唑苯基脲对桑树愈伤组织诱导的影响

以2个主栽桑树品种为材料,探讨了噻二唑苯基脲(TDZ)等植物生长调节剂对桑树愈伤组织诱导的影响。结果表明,TDZ能够显著促进桑树愈伤组织的产生和生长。叶柄、幼茎愈伤组织诱导最佳培养基为MS+0.5mg/L TDZ+0.2 mg/L NAA;子叶愈伤组织诱导最佳培养基为MS+0.2 mg/L TDZ+0.2 mg/L NAA。     

Thidiazuron-induced somatic embryos,their multiplication,maturation, and conversion in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Cinnamomum pauciflorum</Emphasis> Nees (Lauraceae)

Thidiazuron (TDZ) induced somatic embryogenesis from immature zygotic embryos in Cinnamomum pauciflorum Nees while 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), 6-benzylaminopurine (BA) or picloram only induced callus and/or adventitious buds. The highest induction frequency for somatic embryogenesis was achieved with MS medium (Murashige and Skoog in Physiol Plant 15:473–497 1962) supplemented with 2.5 μM TDZ using torpedo-shaped embryos (3–5 mm in length) as explants. In addition, induction medium was supplemented with 0.8 g l⁻¹ casein, 0.4 g l⁻¹ glutamine, and 10 g l⁻¹ sucrose. Somatic embryos (SEs) initiated from root tips or hypocotyls without callus formation. SEs were maintained and multiplied via secondary somatic embryogenesis. Embryo maintenance medium was similar to induction medium except that TDZ was reduced to 0.5 μM. Secondary embryogenesis was enhanced by supplementation of 5 g l⁻¹ activated charcoal in the culture. The best medium for embryo maturation was MS medium containing 30 g l⁻¹ sucrose and 5 g l⁻¹ Phytagel without plant growth regulators. A typical mature SE consisted of two large cotyledons and a short embryo proper. Approximately 82% of selected mature SEs were able to germinate and 63% could convert into plantlets on germination medium that was composed of half strength MS medium salts, 10 g l⁻¹ sucrose, 3 g l⁻¹ Phytagel, and 5 g l⁻¹ activated charcoal.     

Effects of shading and thidiazuron + oil treatment on dormancy breaking,blooming and fruit set in apricot in a warm-winter climate

Overcoming dormancy represents one of the major limitations to fruit tree production in warm areas. High temperatures during the chilling period have a negative effect on breaking of dormancy. Shading of trees reduces the incidence of radiation and the temperature. Previous works on shading did not take into account the stage of dormancy. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of shading during different periods of endodormancy, in an area having relatively warm winters, and the effects of a treatment of thidiazuron ([TDZ] N-phenyl-N-1,2,3-thiodiazol-5-il-urea) and winter oil, on apricot blooming, fruit set and ripening. The study was carried out during three years which showed marked differences regarding chilling accumulation. Autumn shading did not affect blooming or harvesting. Regarding harvest date, 2–3 days of precocity were achieved by shading during endodormancy, relative to the control. The TDZ + oil treatment increased blooming percentage, made blooming more uniform and brought forward the blooming (by 7–14 days) and ripening (3–8 days) dates. However, pistil abortion percentage was strongly increased by using TDZ and winter oil when there was low chilling accumulation, which led to reduce fruit set percentage. Shading during late endodormancy produced 5 days precocity for the harvest date in the year with lower chill accumulation. Shading of trees during endodormancy and TDZ + oil treatment could be suitable for increasing precocity in warm-winter climates. Significant year-to-year variation has been shown for blooming, pistil abortion, fruit set and fruit/bud percentages. Correlations among these variables are also discussed. Under conditions of marginal chill accumulation, the distribution of chilling during autumn and winter had an important role in the overcoming of dormancy, blooming and fruit set.     

坐果剂处理对甜瓜果实生长发育与产量的影响

以厚皮甜瓜西农新早蜜1号品种为试材,以人工授粉为对照,研究氯吡脲和噻苯隆2种坐果剂对果实发育与产量的影响.结果表明:与对照相比,2种坐果剂对果实发育、总产量、早期产量、果实膨大速度、可溶性固形物含量、籽粒发育等无显著影响.说明在甜瓜生产中可用坐果剂代替人工授粉促进坐果.     

TDZ和BA对诱导大豆胚轴植株再生的影响

大豆未成熟种子和萌动种子胚轴在含有ＴＤＺ和ＢＡ的培养基上,通过器官发生,可获得再生株。培养基中同时加入ＴＤＺ和ＢＡ〈能够增加不定芽的形成和再生株的数量,其中以２．０ｍｇ／ＬＢＡ＋０．７５ｍｇ／ＬＴＤＡ处理再生效率最高。诱导培养基中适当增加ＮＡＡ浓度有利于不定芽的分化。     

黄瓜和甜瓜中噻苯隆残留量检测方法研究

[目的]建立高效液相色谱法测定黄瓜和甜瓜中噻苯隆残留量的方法.[方法]样品经匀浆处理后用乙腈提取,弗罗里硅土柱层析净化,用高效液相色谱仪测定.[结果]该方法的最低检测浓度为0.01 mg/kg,在0.01 ～0.50 mg/kg加标浓度范围内方法的回收率在75.7％ ～91.1％,变异系数0.54％ ～8.02％.[结论]该方法具有较高的灵敏度,其准确度和精密度均可满足农药残留分析要求.     

50%噻苯隆在棉田的应用效果及气候因素的影响

在棉铃吐絮35%～40%时喷施50%噻苯隆可湿性粉剂,研究其对棉花脱叶和吐絮效果的影响,并对气候因素的影响进行了分析.结果表明:该药剂对棉花具有理想的脱叶效果,用药剂量为150～300g/hm2(有效剂量)时,随用药剂量增加脱叶率提高;该药剂能促进棉铃吐絮,提高霜前花比例;用150～450g/hm2剂量处理,对棉花品质没有影响.温度、日照时数对棉花脱叶速度、脱叶率及吐絮率有一定影响.     

噻苯隆对莴笋产量、品质的影响及药害症状初步研究

在一定范围内,使用高浓度噻苯隆,会直接导致莴笋的功能叶、幼叶受害,同时会因为代谢导致新生叶片受害。在摘除死亡叶片后,正常管理下,莴笋植株可恢复生长,最终成熟;使用高浓度（〉0．10％）噻苯隆,会使成熟莴笋植株的株高、茎粗、叶片质量、叶中脉质量、叶片长宽比、根部质量、产量下降,而叶面积指数、品质提高;使用低浓度（0．05％）噻苯隆,可提高莴笋植株的叶片质量、叶中脉质量、茎部质量、株高、茎粗、产量。