加压因素对杨木单板压缩率和回弹率的影响

以速生杨木的边/心材单板为研究对象,对其进行水热密实化处理,通过单因素试验方法,分别研究了加压温度和加压压力对杨木边/心材单板的压缩率、气干24和48 h的厚度回弹率的影响,初步探讨了各个因素的作用机理.研究发现:各因素水平下,杨木边/心材单板的压缩率和厚度回弹率均呈现出一定的规律性,心材单板的压缩率高于边材单板,但厚度回弹率低于边材单板,且各因素的作用机理有所差异.边/心材单板水热密实化处理的较佳条件均为:加压温度150℃,加压压力5 MPa.     

林区公路设计中容许弯沉值的计算分析

目前,林区公路大多为就地取材的中、低级路面,因而结构设计很少,而厚度设计则是主要的内容。在厚度设计中,是根据对公路整体强度的要求来确定各结构层厚度的,确定的依据就是路面容许弯沉值。一、容许弯沉值及其计算公式容许弯沉值指标一般应在大量调查的基础上,根据林区公路的现状和可能的条件,考虑林业经济发展对林区公路将来的要求,而提出相应的数值。国内外通过大量的调查试验和研究,认为容许弯沉值主要由交通量数值确定。一般来说,等级越高的公路,通过的交通量也越大,但考虑到不同等级公路的不同的要求,不完全是体现于交通量;同时现在采用的路面类型越来越多,不同类型的路面对变形有不同的适应能力,如目前较多采用的     

Mechanical properties of metastable glacial till before and after water‐induced compaction

The mechanical properties of metastable soils have been approached from different backgrounds by civil engineers and soil scientists, with the main focus being on water‐induced self‐compaction rates. This study was conducted to determine the rebound‐recompression properties of metastable soil before and after wetting and to study the effect of water‐induced compaction on the mechanical stability depending on the overburden pressure. Rebound and recompression properties were measured with oedometer tests using sieved sandy loam, taken from a nonweathered Saalian glacial till layer, as the metastable test soil. The mechanical stability (preconsolidation load) of the dry and wetted soil was derived mathematically from recompression data after the test soil was unloaded. Void‐ratio changes during unloading and reloading were on a low level (Δe = 0.03). Rebound and recompression rates of the dry samples increased with load, whereas the void‐ratio change was twofold higher during recompression. Rebound rates of the wetted samples tended to decrease with load, while the recompression rates remained constant. Preconsolidation load calculated for the dry samples overestimated the simulated overburden pressure, whereas the wetted samples showed a high congruence. In both cases, the point of greatest curvature estimated in the earlier step of deviation gave values that were more realistic to the loads from which the unloading started. Our results indicate that both dry compaction and water‐induced compaction induce primarily plastic deformation. Furthermore, we found that in both the dry and wetted state the mechanical stability of the soil reflecting the overburden pressure remained constant.     

固定式饲草压捆机再次改进研究

在中试过程中,主要根据自行研制的固定式饲草压捆机,针对触发弹射式杠杆组分捆机构及其相关机构进一步改进。将分捆机构移至距离压缩止点260mm处,使允许落板时间增至0.795s,而分隔板自由下落时间为0.271s,因此撤去弹射器,简化了结构,还避免了弹跳反射。由于不同种类、不同含水率的饲草压缩反弹量区别较大,将曲柄长度改为480mm,延长了压缩行程,避免饲草反弹堵塞落板口。     

回弹法检测早龄期高性能混凝土强度技术研究

根据山东泰安地区原材料的实际情况，介绍了高性能混凝土（HPC）非破损方法的选择和相关关系方程的确定，按照高性能混凝土配合比的确定原理，试验并确定了适宜的配合比，建立了高性能混凝土（HPC）7d抗压强度及回弹值推定28d抗压强度的经验公式，并对其适用范围作了说明。     

Comparison of the rebound tonometer (TonoVet) with the applanation tonometer (TonoPen XL) in normal Eurasian Eagle owls (Bubo bubo)

OBJECTIVE: To examine the feasibility and accuracy of a handheld rebound tonometer, TonoVet, and to compare the intraocular pressure (IOP) readings of the TonoVet with those of an applanation tonometer, TonoPen XL, in normal Eurasian Eagle owls. ANIMALS STUDIED: Ten clinically normal Eurasian Eagle owls (20 eyes). PROCEDURES: Complete ocular examinations, using slit-lamp biomicroscopy and indirect ophthalmoscopy, were conducted on each raptor. The IOP was measured bilaterally using a rebound tonometer followed by a topical anesthetic agent after 1 min. The TonoPen XL tonometer was applied in both eyes 30 s following topical anesthesia. RESULTS: The mean +/- SD IOP obtained by rebound tonometer was 10.45 +/- 1.64 mmHg (range 7-14 mmHg), and by applanation tonometer was 9.35 +/- 1.81 mmHg (range 6-12 mmHg). There was a significant difference (P = 0.001) in the IOP obtained from both tonometers. The linear regression equation describing the relationship between both devices was y = 0.669x + 4.194 (x = TonoPen XL and y = TonoVet). The determination coefficient (r(2)) was r(2) = 0.550. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that readings from the rebound tonometer significantly overestimated those from the applanation tonometer and that the rebound tonometer was tolerated well because of the rapid and minimal stress-inducing method of tonometry in the Eurasian Eagle owls, even without topical anesthesia. Further studies comparing TonoVet with manometric measurements may be necessary to employ rebound tonometer for routine clinical use in Eurasian Eagle owls.     

低温胁迫后强反弹性生长型早稻材料的筛选

南方双季稻区早稻,特别是直播早稻易受“倒春寒”等低温阴雨天气影响,低温胁迫后常出现水稻停止生长或生长恢复缓慢的现象,同时易加剧草害。为探讨低温弱光胁迫后早稻生长恢复性能,并筛选强反弹性生长恢复材料,本研究选用131份早稻材料,采用人工气候室模拟轻度倒春寒胁迫（日均温度12℃,50%光照,持续4 d）,追踪处理结束后12 d的秧苗生长动态,以株高比、叶龄比、生长速度等作为生长恢复指标,利用主成分分析法、隶属函数法等对各材料生长恢复能力进行综合评价;选取代表性材料进行中度倒春寒（日均温度10℃,50%光照,持续4 d）模拟试验,进一步验证其恢复性能。结果表明,所有材料按生长恢复能力被分为强恢复型（B556、B562、B592等共56份,D值0.549～0.699）、中等恢复型（NC39、NC42、NC65等共49份,D值0.436～0.544）、弱恢复型（NC54、B125、B795等26份,D值0.265～0.415）;高、中、低D值材料各6份恢复指标的差异分析表明,随着恢复时间的增加,高D值材料与中D值材料株高比与叶龄比差距逐渐缩小,而低D值材料与高D值材料间始终存在显著差异;同时材料...     

不同砂光量下展平竹板硬度及回弹率研究

竹材是粘弹性材料,在载荷条件下会产生弹性变形。以毛竹展平板材为研究对象,研究不同的竹材表面砂光量对其硬度以及卸载后对竹壁回弹率的影响。研究结果显示,随着展平竹板表面砂光量的增大,硬度先有上升的趋势,在砂光量为0.5 mm达最大值后逐渐降低;竹壁的回弹率随着表面砂光量的增大而逐渐降低,在砂光量为1.5 mm后下降趋势变缓;同时,竹壁的回弹率也随着卸载后陈放时间的延长而逐渐增大,但是增大趋势逐渐趋缓。