低温胁迫后强反弹性生长型早稻材料的筛选

南方双季稻区早稻，特别是直播早稻易受“倒春寒”等低温阴雨天气影响，低温胁迫后常出现水稻停止生长或生长恢复缓慢的现象，同时易加剧草害。为探讨低温弱光胁迫后早稻生长恢复性能，并筛选强反弹性生长恢复材料，本研究选用131份早稻材料，采用人工气候室模拟轻度倒春寒胁迫（日均温度12℃，50%光照，持续4 d），追踪处理结束后12 d的秧苗生长动态，以株高比、叶龄比、生长速度等作为生长恢复指标，利用主成分分析法、隶属函数法等对各材料生长恢复能力进行综合评价；选取代表性材料进行中度倒春寒（日均温度10℃，50%光照，持续4 d）模拟试验，进一步验证其恢复性能。结果表明，所有材料按生长恢复能力被分为强恢复型（B556、B562、B592等共56份，D值0.549～0.699）、中等恢复型（NC39、NC42、NC65等共49份，D值0.436～0.544）、弱恢复型（NC54、B125、B795等26份，D值0.265～0.415）；高、中、低D值材料各6份恢复指标的差异分析表明，随着恢复时间的增加，高D值材料与中D值材料株高比与叶龄比差距逐渐缩小，而低D值材料与高D值材料间始终存在显著差异；同时材料...

Screening of Early Rice Materials for Strong Rebound Growth After Low Temperature Stress

Early rice， especially direct seeding early rice， in the double cropping rice region of South China is vulnerable to low temperature and rainy weather such as “late spring coldness”. After stress， rice often stops growing or recovers slowly， which is easy to aggravate grass damage. In order to investigate the recovery performance of early rice after low-temperature and low-light stress and to select materials with strong rebound， 131 early rice materials were selected for this study， and the growth dynamics of seedlings were tracked for 12 d after treatment by simulating mild late spring coldness （average daily temperature of 12 ℃， 50% light for 4 d） in an artificial climate chamber. The growth recovery ability of each material was comprehensively evaluated by using principal component analysis and affiliation function method， and the representative materials were selected for the simulation test of moderate late spring coldness （average daily temperature of 10 ℃， 50% light for 4 d） to further verify the recovery performance. The results showed that all materials were classified according to growth recovery ability into strong recovery type （B556， B562， B592， etc.， total 56， D value 0.549~0.699）， medium recovery type （NC39， NC42， NC65， etc.， total 49， D value 0.436~0.544）， weak recovery type （NC54， B125， B795， etc.， total 26， D value 0.265~0.415）； the analysis of the differences in recovery indexes among the six high， medium and low D value materials showed that the difference between the height ratio and leaf age ratio of high D value materials and medium D value materials gradually decreased as the recovery time increased， while there was always a significant difference between low D value materials and high D value materials； at the same time， the lower the D value of materials， the later the fastest growth rate appeared and the lower the average growth rate. In the simulated experiment of moderate late spring coldness stress， the strong recovery materials screened for mild late spring coldness stress also showed strong growth recovery characteristics after moderate late spring coldness stress， but the growth indexes of each material were difficult to recover to the control level. This study provides new ideas and perspectives for early rice to cope with moderate and mild late spring coldness stress.