云南马关保种无角山羊血液蛋白多态性研究

 采用水平板淀粉胶电泳技术分析了云南马关保种无角山羊的血液蛋白多态性。对36个个体45个基因座位的分析得出: Esd,Pep-B,Lap,Akp,Ces-1,Ces-2共6个座位出现多态性,且Esd^A,Pep-B^A,Lap^A,Akp^B,Ces-1^A,Ces-2^A的基因频率较高。多态座位百分率P=0.133,平均杂合度H=0.04863.本研究为该地方品种羊的保种与利用提供了基础资料。     

关中奶山羊PIS区域序列多态性分析

山羊无角性状是畜牧业生产中重要的经济性状,报道显示山羊无角间性综合征（polled intersex syndrome,PIS）控制着山羊的无角和间性性状。山羊PIS序列定位于1号染色体约11.7 kb的序列上,试验旨在研究这段序列对关中奶山羊（3只有角山羊、3只无角山羊）无角性状的影响。选用4对引物（PIS1-1、PIS1-2、PIS2、PIS3）扩增关中奶山羊的PIS序列,第5对引物（PIS whole）用于检测PIS序列的完全缺失,对测序结果进行拼接、多态性分析,并对序列进行基因注释。结果发现,试验成功扩增出山羊PIS的全长序列（12.814 kb）,BLAST比对结果正确。PIS whole引物没有扩增出任何条带,说明关中奶山羊中不存在11.7 kb的完全缺失。经SeqMan软件分析拼接序列发现30个多态性位点,这些多态性位点可能与关中奶山羊有角/无角性状相关。对拼接序列进行基因注释,发现存在1个tRNA编码位点、2个微卫星、3个microRNA编码位点及L1-EN、RT-nLTR-like样保守结构域,并发现1个CpG岛、1对反向重复序列和2段串联重复序列。本试验结果对关中奶山羊无角性状的分子机理研究具有重要的参考价值。     

崂山奶山羊无角间性综合征生殖缺陷基因的基因型分析

【目的】试验旨在对崂山奶山羊无角间性综合征(polled intersex syndrome,PIS)生殖缺陷基因进行定位并分析其基因型。【方法】以155只崂山奶山羊为研究对象,其中有角公羊9只、有角母羊34只、无角母羊29只、无角公羊47只、间性山羊36只。对36只间性山羊进行表型特征分析;以155只崂山奶山羊血液基因组DNA为材料进行遗传学性别鉴定;根据山羊基因组DNA的完整序列信息(RefSeq:NC_030808.1)分别设计PIS wt-2、PIS wt-3和PIS var-2 3对扩增引物,利用PCR方法验证山羊PIS区是否存在198 bp替换和108 bp缺失,并分析不同性状山羊PIS基因的基因型。【结果】36只间性山羊包括17只大阴蒂雄性假间性、12只拟雌性假间性和7只短阴茎间性这3种不同的表型,其性染色体均为XX;山羊PIS区是完全缺失的,且在129 427 003~129 427 905 bp区域并不存在198 bp替换和108 bp缺失;间性山羊的基因型全为突变纯合子,其突变类型为10.1 kb缺失/480 kb重复双突变;有角山羊的基因型全为野生型纯合子,没有发生10.1 kb缺失/480 kb重复;在检测的无角山羊中,有10只10.1 kb缺失/480 kb重复双突变纯合子公羊,其余无角山羊的基因型为10.1 kb缺失/480 kb重复单突变的杂合子。【结论】间性山羊的出现是由于10.1 kb的完全缺失和1个反向插入的约480 kb大小的重复片段导致,且间性性状仅发生在纯合子母羊中,而公羊的纯合缺失并不会出现间性性状。结果可为进一步揭示山羊无角性状的遗传机制以及培育崂山奶山羊无角新品系提供参考。     

Comparison of Blood Physiological and Biological Indexes of the Polled Yak and Horned Yak

The blood physiological and biological indexes were determined in both polled and horned yaks, to investigate the differences of body condition and metabolism between the two breeds, and provide a comprehensive understanding for new yak breeds. Thirty physiological and biochemical indexes of the polled and horned yaks were measured, and all these data were analyzed by independent-samples t test to compare the same index between the two groups. The results showed that there were extremely significant differences (P<0.01) in 11 indexes,5 indexes reached significant differences (P<0.05) and no significant differences (P>0.05) in 14 indexes between the polled and horned yaks. The results suggested that the polled yak was easier to adapt to the plateau hypoxia and there were many differences in adaptability of plateau hypoxia, kidney metabolism, liver metabolism and the growth and development of the bone between the polled and horned yak. This study could provide scientific basis for better protection and utilization of yak and the selection of the new yak breeds.     

牦牛C1H21orf62基因的克隆、生物信息学及表达分析

应用RT-PCR方法克隆牦牛C1H21orf62基因并进行生物信息学分析,利用实时荧光定量PCR方法检测C1H21orf62基因在有角牦牛和无角牦牛角芽组织的mRNA表达.结果表明,C1H21orf62基因编码区全长662 bp,编码161个氨基酸.C1H21orf62是一种亲水性蛋白,含有13个潜在的磷酸化位点,但无跨膜域和信号肽.C1H21orf62基因mRNA在无角牦牛角芽组织的表达水平极显著高于有角牦牛.     

蜀宣花牛无角新类群胴体不同部位肌内脂肪酸组成成分分析及结构研究

为明确蜀宣花牛无角新类群胴体不同部位肌内脂肪酸组分和结构情况,选择10头体重为324.79 kg±43.51 kg的7～8月龄健康无角公犊牛作为试验动物开展育肥试验,试验期300 d,屠宰后45 min内采集里脊、外脊、眼肉、上脑、辣椒条、米龙、大黄瓜条、小黄瓜条、臀肉、牛霖、胸肉、腹肉和腱子肉共13个部位的组织样本,...     

无角牦牛与有角牦牛血液生理、生化指标的比较研究

本研究从血液生理、生化指标水平探讨有角和无角牦牛群体的体况和代谢差异,为无角牦牛新品种的选育提供理论依据。试验检测了有角、无角牦牛群体的30项血液生理与生化指标,并用独立样本t检验对两个群体测得的各项指标进行了比较分析。结果表明,两群体间有11项指标差异极显著（P<0.01）,5项指标差异显著（P<0.05）,14项指标差异不显著（P>0.05）。从测定的数据初步判定,有角与无角牦牛群体在高原低氧适应性、肝脏代谢、肾脏代谢及骨质形成方面存在一定差异,无角牦牛比有角牦牛更适应高原低氧的环境。本试验结果可为牦牛品种资源的合理保护和利用以及新品种的选育提供科学依据。     

无角牦牛FTO基因多态性与生长性状的关联性分析

【目的】探究无角牦牛脂肪和肥胖相关基因(FTO)多态性与生长性状之间的关联性,以期找到与无角牦牛生长相关的分子标记。【方法】参考GenBank中野牦牛的FTO基因序列,针对其第4内含子和第8内含子设计引物,采用PCR-SSCP和DNA测序技术对354头无角牦牛的FTO基因进行多态性分析,并运用SPSS 20.0软件分析各基因与体质量、体高、体斜长和胸围等生长性状的相关性。【结果】在无角牦牛FTO基因的第4内含子区域检测出A164506C突变位点,有2个等位基因A和C,有3种基因型(AA、AC和CC),优势等位基因和基因型分别是A和AA,其频率分别为0.694 9和0.485 9;在第8内含子区域检测出G309000A突变位点,共有2个等位基因A和G,有3种基因型(GG、GA和AA),优势等位基因和基因型分别是G和GG,其频率分别为0.926 3和0.858 4。A164506C突变位点为中度多态位点,纯合度较低,处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态;G309000A突变位点为低度多态位点,纯合度较高,处于Hardy-Weinberg不平衡状态。A164506C位点与无角牦牛的体高和体斜长具有显著或极显著相关性,AC基因型个体优于AA基因型个体。G309000A位点与无角牦牛的胸围和体斜长具有显著或极显著相关性,GA基因型个体优于GG基因型个体。【结论】FTO基因第4内含子区域A164506C突变和第8内含子区域G309000A突变均与无角牦牛生长性状具有相关性。     

Polymorphism Analysis of PIS Region Sequence in Guanzhong Dairy Goat

Polled trait of goat is important economic trait in livestock production,goat polled intersex syndrome (PIS) influenced polled phenotype and intersex phenotype of goats. PIS sequence locats in a approximately 11.7 kb nucleotide sequence in chromosome 1. This experiment was aimed to study the effect of PIS sequence on polled phenotype in Guanzhong dairy goats (3 horned goats, 3 polled goats). The PIS whole sequence in Guanzhong dairy goats were amplified using four pair of primers (PIS1-1, PIS1-2, PIS2 and PIS3), the whole absence of PIS sequence was detected using the fifth primer (PIS whole). The sequencing result was assembled, analyzed and annotated. The result showed that the PIS sequence full length was 12.814 kb, and the BLAST alignment result was correct. PIS whole primer didn't amplify any srtipes, which showed that there was no a total deletion of 11.7 kb in Guanzhong dairy goats. SeqMan software analysis result showed that there was a total of 30 polymorphic sites, wihch were likely to connect with polled/horned phenotype in Guanzhong dairy goats. The annotation result of concatenation sequence showed that there were one tRNA encoding locus, two microsatellites, three microRNA encoding loci, L1-EN conserved domain, RT-nLTR-like conserved domain, also find a CpG island, one pair of inverted repeats, and two tandem repeats. This experiment result had a significant reference value for studying the molecular mechanism of polled phenotype in Guanzhong dairy goats.     

云岭牛无角性状的分子鉴定与应用

[目的]对云岭牛的无角性状进行分子鉴定,以加快云岭牛无角品系的培育速度。[方法]采用PCR扩增与琼脂糖电泳分型的方法。[结果]在263头云岭牛中,221头牛的基因型与其无角与有角性状完全一致,分子鉴定成功率为83.03%,还有42头云岭牛(16.97%)不能正确鉴定其无角与有角性状。[结论]分子鉴定技术可以有效鉴定云岭牛的无角与有角性状,将缩短云岭牛的无角品系选育进程。