黄原酸基高岭土对甲基橙的吸附性能研究

采用湿法工艺对高岭土进行改性,制备了黄原酸基高岭土（XK）。通过FT-IF、SEM分析对其进行表征,结果表明XK已成功合成;XK对甲基橙具有良好的吸附效果,其优点是处理后固液分离简便、快速。通过单因素试验得出最佳反应条件：温度25℃,p H值5-6、甲基橙初始质量浓度为200 mg/L、XK的用量为3.0 g/L、吸附30 min,甲基橙的去除率可达到99.86%,处理后残余甲基橙的浓度为0.282 4 mg/L,可达标排放。通过等温吸附模型研究,XK对甲基橙的吸附符合Freundlich等温吸附,说明XK对甲基橙的吸附是较为典型的单分子层吸附,且吸附容易进行。     

Repellency of a kaolin particle film to potato psyllid, Bactericera cockerelli (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), on tomato under laboratory and field conditions

BACKGROUND: The potato psyllid, Bactericera cockerelli, is a vector of Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum, causing several diseases in solanaceous crops. Laboratory and field no‐choice and choice experiments were conducted to evaluate the repellency of kaolin particle film on adults of B. cockerelli on tomato plants that had been sprayed with kaolin particle film on the upper surface only, on the lower surface only and on both leaf surfaces. RESULTS: In no‐choice tests in the laboratory, the numbers of adults on leaves were not different between the kaolin particle film and the water control, regardless of which leaf surface(s) were treated, but numbers of eggs were lower on the leaves treated with kaolin particle film than on those treated with water. In choice tests on plants treated with water/plants treated with kaolin particle film at ratios of 1:1, 6:3 or 8:1, fewer adults and eggs were found on the leaves treated with kaolin particle film than on leaves treated with water. Under field conditions, in caged no‐choice or choice tests, fewer adults, eggs and nymphs were found on plants treated with kaolin particle film than on plants treated with water. In an uncaged test under field conditions, plants sprayed with kaolin particle film had fewer psyllids than those sprayed with water. CONCLUSION: Even though potato psyllid adults could land on plants treated with kaolin particle film when no choice was given, fewer eggs were laid. When given a choice, the psyllids avoided plants treated with kaolin particle film under laboratory and field conditions. Kaolin particle film treatment may be a useful alternative for management of potato psyllids under field conditions. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry     

红外漫反射法在粘土矿表面氯酚光降解研究中的应用

利用红外漫反射技术对高压汞灯和紫外灯照射下2，4—二氯酚和2，4，5—三氯酚在高岭土表面的光降解进行了分析，依其结构和特征吸收的关系，初步推测氯酚在粘土矿表面的降解历程。     

Effect of additive and carrier type on potato sprout suppression by dust formulations of tecnazene

Summary Tecnazene formulations, with kaolin and alumina as carriers respectively and with some containing Triton X-405 (15% w/w) or, Tween 80 (15% w/w) as additive, were applied on potatoes stored at 10°C and 15–18°C respectively. Tween 80 enhanced sprouting inhibition by alumina formulation while Triton X-405 reduced that with kaolin as carrier. Formulation with kaolin as carrier produced greater sprouting inhibition than that with alumina as carrier.     

The effects of kaolin particle film on Plutella xylostella behaviour and development

Studies were conducted to evaluate the effect of a kaolin-based particle film against the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae). The effect of the particle film on development, survival and host plant selection was tested on calabrese seedlings, Brassica oleracea italica Plenck cv. Fiesta F(1), under controlled environmental conditions in the laboratory. Survival to adulthood was significantly reduced and development time increased on kaolin-treated compared with water-treated host plants. The hatch rate of neonate P. xylostella larvae from eggs laid on an artificial substrate was unaffected by the particle film applied after oviposition. Experiments showed that, when given the choice, significantly fewer larvae first made contact with the kaolin-treated compared with the water-treated plant material and that after 24 h there were still significantly fewer larvae present on kaolin-treated leaves. Adult females, however, deposited more eggs on host plants coated with the kaolin particle film. As part of this series of experiments the water control treatment was compared with plant material which had been sprayed with kaolin on the upper surface only and on both leaf surfaces. In general, any observed treatment effect was enhanced with an increase in the particle film coverage. The results warrant the extension of investigations of kaolin-based particle films to field-based P. xylostella management strategies.     

溶液化学对高岭土吸附腐植酸影响的实验研究

对溶液化学(pH值,离子强度和溶液组成)如何影响高岭土吸附腐殖物质(HS)的实验,结果表明,溶液化学显著影响有机物在矿物表面覆盖的形成和属性:随pH值的增加,腐植酸(HA)在高岭土上的吸附率降低;随离子强度增加,高岭土对HA的吸附率呈现增加趋势;由于溶液中高岭土的含量腐植酸含量,HA的吸附等温线显示出随HA的增加吸附量增加的趋势。