文本挖掘下的话语认知与构建——以人工智能和5G领域白宫新闻文本为例

[目的/意义]政府新闻文本是政策文本的表达形式之一。对政府新闻文本进行挖掘分析,能直观的展现表面动态,揭示对话事件的立场及其背后关系,能对情报分析工作、中国新型智库的发展建设,提供有效的助力。[方法/过程]文章利用TextRank算法进行核心句提取,并结合批评话语分析理论框架来做评估,以语料驱动从关键句、关键词两个宏观角度讨论政府决策态度,以词性从话语策略的微观角度总结美国官方对人工智能和5G领域的话语认知形象。[结果/结论]通过分析可以看出,美国政府对于人工智能和5G领域的态度将持续保持在“政府引领下的美国需优先”这一局面,面对发展中国家的科技竞争,增加政府政策性文本的指导无疑是最好的对策建议。     

Reinventing rural development in Vietnam: Discursive constructions of grassroots democracy during the renovation reform

Over the past decades Vietnam has seen striking efforts to reinvent the exercise of democratic rural development. Promotion of grassroots democracy, notably under the Grassroots Democracy Decree (GDD), has been an acute response by Communist Party and government to large scale unrest among the rural populace owing to dissatisfactions with a felt mismatch between espoused commitments to ‘good governance’ and its actual practice. Through evidence from field work, this paper assesses the implications of the GDD in the central and northern highlands, analyzing how the promotion of grassroots democracy is discursively constructed by rural development professionals. The results outline three dominant discourses, which center on their respective interests in liberalist democratization, improved efficiency in state renovation, and enhanced accountability in governing local policy ambiguities. It argues that ‘grassroots democracy’ is serving as a conceptual mediator, supporting learning between diverging interests associated with rural development and different ideological positions shrouding the notion of democracy itself. Yet, given the extent that discourses are reflective of how professionals relate to grassroots aspirations, grassroots movements, which originally ushered the Party and central government to pass the GDD, have a significant struggle ahead of them to affect concrete changes in professionals' practices.     

教育话语的篇际互文性研究——从招生简章看教育话语的商品化趋势

篇际互文性是语篇的基本特征,它是语篇中不同体裁、话语和风格的混合交融。在市场竞争环境下,国家进行高校的招生改革,高校招生简章采用广告话语的促销手段和策略,以促销为特色的广告话语和传统的教育话语相互交融,构成篇际互文性,招生简章的功能由原来的“传递信息”转变为“传递信息—促销自我”。广告话语对教育话语的蚕食和殖民,导致教育话语的商品化趋势。这种趋势是商品经济扩张和教育市场竞争激烈的必然结果,它反映了商品经济在社会生活中的霸权地位,以及商业话语在话语秩序中的霸权地位和对其他话语的“殖民”趋势。     

偶尔露峥嵘——权力话语理论与胡适译《最后一课》

本文从法国哲学家福柯的权力话语理论角度出发, 用外部权力话语、内部权力话语及中心话语等理论, 从翻译选材和译语选择两方面, 探讨了胡适翻译法国短篇小说《最后一课》的活动。认为胡适的翻译是在特定外部权力话语和内部权力话语的共同作用下, 以及受中心权力话语的影响而实现的翻译活动。     

女性身体·五四话语·革命救赎

在革命意识形态成为主流话语左右着文学创作时,丁玲试图通过对女性身体的革命救赎寓言化书写将女性书写融入主流话语体系之中。女性主体意识在这一过程中被深度扼制。然而,女身书写的自身逻辑却在另一层面干扰着文本意义的生成,不自觉地流露出作者未被泯灭的女性意识。     

再论语用学对篇章分析的影响

本文通过介绍语用学在指称、前提、含意、推论四个方面的观点、论述了语用学对篇章分析产生的重大影响,并说明在汉语和外语的篇章分析中运用功能观点的重要意义。     

语篇分析在英语听力教学中的应用

语篇分析可广泛运用于应用语言学界。本文首先提出传统听力教学中的不足,然后指出在听力教学中充分利用语篇分析可以改进和提高课程的教学效果,提高学生的听力水平。     

语段分析的功能及其运行方式

语段分析是一种“超句法分析”,它注重句际关系,强调从全局着手去把握说话人的言语动向和引入的新话题。本文基于对语段分析上述特征的分析,论证了语段分析在英语教学中的功用及其运行方式,提出了英语教学的新方法。     

一语(L1)对英语语篇内人称指称习得的干扰--个案研究

基于一个五年级学生在美国英语习得过程中所提供的语料,探讨了汉英人称代词句法、语义差异对英语语篇内人称指称习得的干扰,干扰的结果主要体现在英语人称指称的不衔接性.具体地分析了差异所致的英语主格(nominative)、宾格(accusative)及属格(genitive)等形连的不相容性(incompatibility).     

Migrant labour and the politics of scale: gendering the Philippine state

The purpose of this paper is to situate the study of international labour migration, and especially the policies of labour export, within a gendered geopolitical framework. In so doing I open avenues of inquiry into the complexities of political ideologies that guide state apparatuses. Specifically, I examine how the Philippine state negotiates and operates within contradictory capitalist spaces through discourses of scale. Spatial scales are politically and socially constructed to legitimise power relations and to justify particular policies and programmes. In its support of capital accumulation, the Philippine state tends to adopt a discourse of globalisation; when confronted with charges of migrant exploitation, the Philippine state couples a discourse of the global with a discourse of the body. This corporeal discourse attempts to deflect attention and criticism away from the state, thereby maintaining its political hegemony.