Modelling cork oak production in Portugal

The layout of 32 permanent plots in the most important cork production regions of Portugal and the measurement of the most representative tree parameters were performed for statistically sound cork weight modelling. The establishment of cork weight equations is presented for the different cork oak study areas considered alone or grouped according to the most representative tree parameters. For the presented cork weight models was chosen independent variable the total stripping surface (artmax). For the selection criteria five statistic were used, including PRESS, APRESS and Mallows's statistic. The crossvalidation of the best classified models was performed and to discuss the importance of the “study area” factor, a regression analysis with “dummy” variables was performed.     

Indirect host effect on ectomycorrhizal fungi: Leaf fall and litter quality explain changes in fungal communities on the roots of co-occurring Mediterranean oaks

Host trees can modify their soil abiotic conditions through their leaf fall quality which in turn may influence the ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungal community composition. We investigated this indirect interaction using a causal modelling approach. We identified ECM fungi on the roots of two coexisting oak species growing in two forests in southern Spain - Quercus suber (evergreen) and Quercus canariensis (winter deciduous)-using a PCR-based molecular method. We also analysed the leaf fall, litter and soil sampled beneath the tree canopies to determine the concentrations of key nutrients. The total mycorrhizal pool was comprised of 69 operational taxonomic units (OTUs). Tomentella and Russula were the most species-rich, frequent and abundant genera. ECM fungi with epigeous and resupinate fruiting bodies were found in 60% and 34% of the identified mycorrhizas, respectively. The calcium content of litter, which was significantly higher beneath the winter-deciduous oak species due to differences in leaf fall quality, was the most important variable for explaining ECM species distribution. The evaluation of alternative causal models by the d-sep method revealed that only those considering indirect leaf fall-mediated host effects statistically matched the observed covariation patterns between host, environment (litter, topsoil, subsoil) and fungal community variables.     

软木及其主要产品的耐候性研究

采用紫外灯耐候试验箱模拟自然环境对软木原材料及其制品进行耐候性试验,通过对紫外灯耐候试验箱照射过的试件进行物理性能、力学性能的分析,对软木及其产品的耐候性进行客观评价。试验确定的试验参数为:辐照时间4和8h;黑暗时间4h;试验时间为80、160和240h。随着试验时间的增加,软木及其制品的密度、亨特白度、回弹率、断裂强度呈现下降趋势;压缩率呈现上升趋势。     

软木细胞壁结构及其主要化学成分研究进展

介绍了软木细胞的形态特征,综述了国内外学者在软木细胞壁结构及化学组成方面的研究进展。软木细胞壁具有明显的层次结构,褶皱是软木细胞壁的一个主要特征,胞间连丝是跨越细胞壁之间透镜状通道。软木细胞壁主要化学成分有软木脂、木质素、多糖、抽提物和灰分,归纳总结了不同学者对各成分的测定结果以及各成分中单体的提取制备、分析鉴定结果,并提出软木细胞壁今后的研究方向。     

生物质炭对砖红壤pH及养分含量影响研究

为提高软木地板表面的物理性能,采用弹性漆对软木地板表面进行涂饰处理,研究不同弹性漆的涂漆量、油漆固化温度对软木地板表面耐磨、耐冲击性、表面色度学特性的影响。结果表明：与对照相比,软木地板表面漆膜具有优良的耐磨性、表面磨耗值随着弹性漆涂漆量的增加而降低,表面磨耗值为0.015 6～0.031 0 g/100 r;弹性漆对软木地板表面抗冲击改善幅度较大;油漆固化温度和涂漆量对软木地板表面颜色影响较小。     

栓皮栎软木杂质微观构造及化学成分分析

通过对国产栓皮栎软木杂质的构造观察及其化学成分分析,为栓皮栎软木除杂技术提供理论依据,结果表明:软木夹砂（石细胞）为坚硬、白色、砂粒状,夹杂（褐色杂质）为皮孔通道及褐色填充物组成的皮孔组织;石细胞为厚壁细胞,细胞腔未见。夹砂（石细胞）、夹杂（褐色杂质）与初生软木中各主要化学成分区别在于软木杂质含有较少木栓脂,较多的纤维素,而石细胞灰分含量高于褐色杂质和软木。     

软木地板生产工艺研究

通过对软木地板生产中的粉碎分选、施胶搅拌、热压、剖层和表面涂饰等关键工序的分析,总结出软木地板生产关键技术,并对软木工业发展提出了一些建议,旨在为软木设备选型、技术研究与开发提供参考。     

栓皮栎软木的微观构造

栓皮栎(Quercus-variabilis)或栓皮槠(Q.suber)树皮部分的木栓层通常称为"软木",英文为cork或者phellogen,与通常所说的针叶材软木(softwood)不同.软木独特的细胞构造及其化学成分使其具有质轻、弹性好、隔热、隔音、隔水、防潮、阻燃、柔软、耐磨等优良特性,素有"软黄金"之称(郑志峰,2005).     

软木/龙须草纤维复合材料的研究

为了降低软木材料的生产成本,将龙须草纤雏和软木粒子混合,进行了软木/龙须草纤维复合材料的开发研究.以复合材料的耐水性、抗拉强度、可压缩系教、回弹率等为指标,考察了龙须草纤维的比例、施胶量、热压温度和热压时间的影响.得出较佳的工艺条件为:龙须草纤维比例20%,施胶量8%,热压温度150℃,热压时间15 min.     

软木无胶胶合工艺研究

以探索新型环保的无胶软木产品为目的,在现有软木材料性质、结构的研究及木质材料自粘胶合理论基础之上,以热压时间、含水率、热压温度、配坯密度为因素,采用正交试验法进行软木无胶胶合工艺的研究。结果表明:软木材料可在一定条件下自粘合成板,且制成的无胶软木板性能优良。在实验条件下得到的较优软木无胶胶合工艺参数为:热压温度140 ℃,含水率12%,热压时间5 min,配坯密度0.7 g·cm^-3。