海南岛珍稀濒危药用植物白木香资源调查

白木香是中国特有的珍贵树种,属国家二级保护植物,为中药沉香的正品来源,也是国产沉香的惟一资源植物。为了解海南岛白木香野生资源及栽培状况,通过查阅文献,结合实地调查、走访调查。结果表明:海南岛白木香形态差异明显,野生资源全岛有分布但破坏严重,亟待保护;栽培品种参差不齐,良种选育工作势在必行;栽培技术趋于成熟,结香技术有待推广,为资源的保护及利用奠定基础。     

火焰兰属植物研究进展

火焰兰(Renanthera)是兰科植物中一类珍稀热带兰花,具有很高的园艺应用价值和育种价值。从其生态习性、资源概况、杂交育种、繁殖方法、组织培养、栽培管理及园林应用前景等几个方面进行综述,表明火焰兰在种质资源保护、新品种培育、无菌播种及试管育苗、再生体系的建立、商业栽培等方面均获得成功,这些研究成果可为该属植物的繁育及推广种植提供参考和借鉴。     

火焰兰属SRAP-PCR 体系的建立优化及验证

为建立火焰兰SRAP-PCR体系,采用U20(55)均匀试验设计,以10份火焰兰种质基因组DNA为模板,用3对SRAP引物对DNA模板、Mg2+、引物、Taq DNA聚合酶和dNTPs等5个因素的浓度进行优化组合和验证.结果表明,提取的火焰兰基因组DNA纯度高、完整性好;利用引物对Me6/Em6进行PCR扩增,对20个处理初步筛选出扩增条带较清晰,多态性丰富的处理,再用2个DNA模板进行复筛,获得最佳反应体系(20μL):模板DNA 60 ng、Mg2+2.0 mmol/L、引物1.0 μmol/L、Taq DNA聚合酶1.2 U、dNTPs 0.20 mmol/L.最后用2对引物、8份火焰兰种质来验证优化SRAP-PCR体系,其所获条带清晰,多态性丰富.     

火焰兰茎段侧芽离体再生及褐化的研究

以火焰兰的茎段为外植体，探讨不同植物激素配比对茎段侧芽萌发和生根壮苗的影响，以及不同培养基配方和不同添加剂对火焰兰生长过程中褐化现象的抑制作用。结果表明：最佳侧芽诱导培养基为MS＋6-BA 3.0 mg/L＋NAA 0.5mg/L，培养40 d，后诱导率可达97.95%；添加活性炭0.3 g/L可有效抑制侧芽诱导过程中的褐化现象，褐化率仅为13.17%；1/2 MS＋6-BA 0.2 mg/L＋NAA 1.0 mg/L＋AC 0.5 g/L生根效果最好，生根率达到100%，且植株生长健壮。利用火焰兰茎段侧芽能够离体再生获得瓶苗，建立高效的火焰兰茎段为外植体的离体再生体系，为扩大拓宽火焰兰组织培养外植体来源和快速繁殖技术提供技术支撑。     

菲律宾火焰兰(Renanthera philippinensis)组织培养衍生群体表型性状评价及遗传多样性分析

对204株菲律宾火焰兰(Renanthera philippinensis)组织培养衍生群体的26个主要表型性状和遗传多样性水平进行调查与分析,并利用ISSR分子标记对该群体的遗传多样性进行验证.结果表明:7个外观株型性状的遗传多样性指数为1.85,19个花部数量性状的遗传多样性指数为1.87.通过主成分分析,提取了7...     

Intergeneric hybrid of two rare and endangered orchids, <Emphasis Type="Italic">Renanthera imschootiana</Emphasis> Rolfe and <Emphasis Type="Italic">Vanda coerulea</Emphasis> Griff. ex L. (Orchidaceae): Synthesis and characterization

Renanthera imschootiana and Vanda coerulea are two rare and endangered orchid species featuring in IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants as well as in Red Data Book of Indian Plants, and are renowned for their unique ornamental traits. Renanthera imschootiana and V. coerulea have different flowering periods and by taking opportunity of off-season flowering of V. coerulea which happened during the flowering season of R. imschootiana, the hybridization was effected by hand-pollination. Viable pollinia were present in the off-season flowers of V. coerulea and one out of four cross was successful when R. imschootiana was taken as female parent. Reciprocal cross was unsuccessful. The resulting immature hybrid embryos were germinated in vitro on Vacin and Went medium supplemented with 15% v/v coconut water. Best seedling growth was observed on half-strength Murashige and Skoog medium devoid of any plant growth regulators while the transplanted seedlings grew best on brick chips:charcoal pieces (2:1) potting mix in community earthen trays. First flowering of the hybrid seedlings happened four years ten months after transfer to ex vitro environment. RAPD markers generated by the decamer primer OPA1 convincingly confirmed the hybridity. Registration of the hybrid was made with the Royal Horticultural Society with the grex Renantanda Kebisana Shija.     

火焰兰新品种‘麒麟’

火焰兰新品种‘麒麟’是通过杂交选育而成,植株直立,株形挺拔,叶色深绿,叶片近革质硬挺,花葶较粗壮,有分枝,花朵数较多,花期长达2~3个月,适应性和抗逆性强,栽培容易,开花稳定,观赏价值高,市场前景好。     

极危植物云南火焰兰的发现及种群现状

[目的]探索云南火焰兰分布、群落及种群现状等特征,根据其种群生长和环境情况,提出相应的保护措施和建议。[方法]通过查阅文献、标本记录、实地群落及种群现状调查相结合的方法进行分析。[结果]表明:(1)发现并确认云南火焰兰分布于云南元江国家级自然保护区,目前发现共有两个分布点,位于海拔1 042 1 135 m的低山山地;(2)原文献记录中海拔500 m左右分布点的元江河谷原生境已变为农业耕作区,其原有分布点的种群已消失;(3)云南火焰兰种群数量极少,仅12株,除1株幼苗外均为成年植株,是典型的衰退型种群;(4)云南火焰兰更新困难,初步研究认为开花不结实是云南火焰兰濒危的直接原因,生存环境苛刻、种子繁殖率低、种群密度小等更加剧其濒危。[结论]云南火焰兰分布地植被群落类型主要为常绿落叶针阔混交林,仅发现12株云南火焰兰,其花而不实,更新幼苗仅1株,自然更新受限。