复合涂膜保鲜剂对番荔枝模拟贮运期间品质的影响

研究大黄与五倍子复合涂膜保鲜剂涂膜对番荔枝模拟贮运期间贮藏品质的影响，明确该保鲜剂的保鲜效果。将保鲜剂涂膜的番荔枝作为处理组、未涂膜的果实作为对照(CK)，分别置于加冰的泡沫箱中贮藏20 h模拟当地贮运技术，之后开箱放置于常温下贮藏，考察复合涂膜保鲜剂对番荔枝感官品质及其生理生化的影响。结果表明，与CK组比较，经涂膜处理后番荔枝果实的裂果、烂果、霉果和失重情况明显改善,褐变指数和乙烯释放量显著降低；有效延缓了果实软化，延迟了呼吸高峰第1次出现的时间，抑制呼吸高峰的第2次出现， 可显著降低淀粉酶活性、减缓淀粉转化为可溶性固形物的速度。该保鲜剂可有效延缓番荔枝模拟贮运期间果实的衰老，起到较为理想的保鲜效果。     

云南景谷地区松脂研究的现状与对策

云南省景谷地区具有丰富的思茅松资源，盛产松脂，为此开展了高产脂种源培育等试验研究，对松树进行多种采脂方法的研究，调查各种采脂方法的实用性，并不断开发新的采脂方法。     

湿地松林分产脂量表的编制

以193株采割松脂的湿地松为材料，每株用105个单刀的产脂量．共2万余个数据为基础．经分析计算得出胸径和冠幅是影响湿地松产脂量的主导因子．并以胸径和冠幅、胸径为解释变量，分别求出湿地松林分产脂量的预测模型．编制出湿地松一元、二元产脂量表．经检验平均误差均小于±3．5％．     

杜仲高产胶无性系遗传参数估计与改良效果分析

以杜仲35个无性系为研究材料,以5 a的性状测定数据为基础,对杜仲无性系叶片性状、树皮性状、果实性状、产量进行了遗传参数估计和改良效果分析.结果表明:叶片性状、树皮性状、果实性状、产量性状的重复力均较高,为0.54～0.97.表型变异系数叶片性状和树皮性状的较低,而果实性状和产量性状的相对较高.分别根据叶片含胶率、树皮含胶率、果实含胶率和产量筛选出了4个高产胶无性系,其遗传改良效果分析结果表明,叶片含胶率、树皮含胶率、果实含胶率和产量的遗传增益分别为21.10%、54.95%、12.17%和55.22%.说明这些性状的遗传改良效果均较好,所筛选出来的无性系可以大大提高产胶量和果实产量,该研究为杜仲高产胶优良无性系的进一步栽培和推广提供了重要的理论依据.     

松脂液加氢反应的研究

松脂液在催化剂存在下加氢，可同时获得氢化松香与蒎烷，所得氢化松香颜色浅，质量好。采用低温活性好的触媒，在较低温度及合适压力下，可使蒎烷中顺式与反式之比达到７．５￣８．５，精馏后可达９￣１０，从而满足了香料工业的要求。加氢产物用气－质联用仪分析，表明脂液中对异丙基甲苯及分子量较大的烯烃（长叶烯及石竹烯等）未参与加氢反应。蒎烷可采用脂液冷却结晶法，使其循环使用。     

水产调味品鲫鱼汁的研制

随着人们生活水平的提高,对食品质量的要求也在不断的提高,调味品在食品质量中扮演着非常重要的角色。本实验以普通养殖鲫鱼为主要原料,研究水产调味品鲫鱼汁的最佳工艺。通过正交试验和感官评价,最终得到水产调味鲫鱼汁的最佳配方:黄原胶0.04%,鲫鱼汁30%,盐15%,糖5%,谷氨酸钠5%,5′-肌苷酸0.25%,叶黄素0.03%,鱼味香精0.03%,山梨酸钾0.05%,均质压力35MPa。水产调味品鲫鱼汁质地均匀,口感细腻,鱼鲜风味突出,色泽淡黄,气味芬芳,符合人们对于风味和营养的需求,具有广阔的市场前景。     

食用胶在西式火腿的应用效果比较

探讨食用胶在西式火腿中的应用。采用正交试验研究不同食用胶在西式火腿的应用效果,同时采用单纯形格子试验研究复配胶在西式火腿的应用效果。结果表明,当以单一的食用胶添加在西式火腿时,使用卡拉胶且以粉状的方式添加以及添加量为0.3%时的效果为最佳;当加入卡拉胶为50%～60%和魔芋胶为40%～60%的复配胶时,效果更佳。     

Evaluating simultaneous impacts of three anthropogenic effects on a floodplain-dwelling marsupial Antechinus flavipes

Regulation of river flows has altered floodplain ecosystems around the world. Floods are less frequent, which leads to reduction of favourable environmental conditions for many terrestrial and aquatic organisms adapted to natural flooding regimes. In Australia, the Murray River floodplains have been subjected to decline in inundations, to extensive logging and to removal of fallen timber. The yellow-footed antechinus (Antechinus flavipes) is the only small, native, ground-dwelling/semi-arboreal mammal on most floodplains of south-eastern Australia, yet the effects of floods on its population dynamics largely are unknown. Here, we found positive effects of proximity to flooding, higher woodloads and of abundance of large, hollow-bearing trees on antechinus numbers. Mean trapping rates of antechinuses were lowest in 2003 following a 3-year period with no inundation, higher in 2004 following the first breeding season during a small, controlled flood in 2003, and higher again in 2005, following a small, controlled flood in 2004. In 2004 and 2005, trapping rates declined with distance from floodwaters. This study provides evidence for the benefits of using management flows to inundate floodplains, conserving large trees and ensuring high woodloads in floodplains for sustaining populations of the yellow-footed antechinus.     

Changes in a remnant of salmon gum Eucalyptus salmonophloia and York gum E. loxophleba woodland, 1978 to 1997. Implications for woodland conservation in the wheat-sheep regions of Australia

The condition of salmon gums Eucalyptus salmonophloia with large hollows in them in a 15-ha patch of remnant salmon gum-York gum E. loxophleba woodland in the northern wheatbelt of Western Australia was examined in 1978. The patch was an important breeding area for six species of cockatoo, including two endangered species. The patch was revisited in 1981 when the condition of all 682 salmon gums and York gums in the patch was examined and each was measured and photographed. A further visit was made in 1997 when the condition of the surviving trees was examined and each was again measured and photographed. The condition of the trees at each visit was classified as “good”, “staghorn”, “broken top”, “dead” or “fallen.” Over the period of the study there was a serious decline in the condition of the trees, with few large trees in the “good” category by 1997. The decline was particularly marked between 1978 and 1981 after a period of well-below average annual rainfall. Using data based on the rate of decline over the period 1978-1997, predictions were made of the fate of the trees in the patch. By 2125 only 46 (11% of the 1981 total) salmon gums were predicted to be alive with only one in the “good” category. Only 16 (17%) York gums were predicted to be alive by 2125, with only one in the “good” category. There was no evidence of any regeneration of woodland trees since 1929 when the patch was isolated by clearing for agriculture, and domestic livestock allowed to graze the patch. This deterioration of the dominant trees in the patch is symptomatic of remnant native vegetation over vast areas of Australia's extensively cleared wheat-sheep regions. The future of woodland patches like the one studied is bleak, as is the future of animals dependent on them for food, breeding sites and shelter. Active management, including fencing to exclude domestic livestock and measures to encourage regeneration of native plant communities, is necessary to counter the present regime of benign neglect that characterises most of Australia's management of native vegetation in agricultural landscapes.     

粘度对超高温灭菌奶中脂肪球上浮的影响

基于物理反射模型的背反射光检测技术研究不同瓜尔胶添加量对超高温灭菌乳体系粘度及乳脂肪球的稳定性.以0.02%添加量(w/w)的K-卡拉胶作为乳蛋白稳定剂.蔗糖酯SE-15、羟基化改性大豆磷脂及分子蒸馏单甘酯按一定比例进行复配并以0.1%(w/w)进行添加以稳定乳脂肪,在此基础上分别添加0%、0.02%、0.03%、0.04%的瓜尔胶以增加超高温灭菌乳的粘度.分别测定了样品的粘度及顶部脂肪球的迁移动力学并比较4者之间的稳定动力学.实验结果表明,随着瓜尔胶添加量的增加,样品粘度亦随之增加,顶部的脂肪浮油速率呈降低趋势,瓜尔胶添加量为0.03%时样品的稳定性达到最大值.因此,增加粘度可以抑制乳脂肪球上浮速率、增加产品的稳定性.