Numerical study on wave attenuation inside and around a square array of biofouled net cages

In this study, waves propagating through a square array of 16 net cages with different levels of biofouling are numerically studied using a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model. A porous-media fluid model is adopted to simulate both clean and biofouled netting of a cage array in waves. A numerical wave tank is built, and the oscillating-boundary method is adopted to generate waves. The flow motion is solved by the Navier-Stokes equations, and the free water surface is captured using the volume of fluid (VOF) method. The numerical model is validated by comparing the numerical data with corresponding experimental measurements of a net-cage model with clean netting. To analyze wave attenuation, a numerical analysis of wave elevation both inside and around the cage arrays is presented, which considers the effect of biofouling. Based on the results of the present study, the effect of biofouling on wave elevation is noticeable; the damping effect of the cage array increases with increasing level of biofouling. Furthermore, the incident angle of waves has a noticeable effect on the wave field inside and around the cage array.     

Transient heat transfer characteristics of air-array-jet impingement with different nozzle arrangements on high-tempera-ture flat plate in small jet-to-plate distance

Numerical studies on transient heat transfer characteristics of air-array-jet impingement with a small jet-to-plate distance and a large temperature difference between nozzles and plate were presented.The dimensionless jet-to-plate distance(H/D)was 0.2,and non-dimensional nozzle-to-nozzle spacing(S/D)was 3,4,5 and 6,respectively.It is found that the quenching time is shortened at a constant total mass flow at air jet inlet m·(m·=218.21 kg/h),and the heat transfer uniformity is deterio-rated as S/D increases.However,the adding reversed-flow nozzles can shorten the quenching time of the glass plate considerably with a modest change in the heat transfer uniformity.The results at variable m·are the same as those at a fixed m·.Furthermore,the parity and arrangement of nozzles are also discussed,It is found that an odd number of nozzles is more beneficial for transient heat transfer.Based on these results,an appropriate proposal for ultra-thin glass tempering process is presented.     

悬液芯片系统在检测领域的研究进展

悬液芯片系统诞生于20世纪90年代中期,由美国Luminex公司的研制。该系统使用荧光编码的聚苯乙烯微球作为特异性反应的固相载体,通过偶联试剂的作用,将蛋白质、寡核苷酸、小分子肽类及脂肪偶联到微球的表面构成不同的检测探针。在反应体系中,检测探针通过特异性反应（如抗原―抗体,配体―受体,核酸互补碱基对）捕获与探针相对应的分析物,用荧光标记物标记与探针结合的分析物得到悬液芯片系统的检测物。依据微球内部红色和橙色荧光染料比例的不同,将供悬液芯片系统使用的聚苯乙烯微球分为100种不同的型号。检测器对荧光标记物荧光强度进行检测的同时能分辨不同型号的微球,并将不同型号微球对应的标记物的荧光强度进行分别记录,最终实现一次分析多种检测物的目的。作者综述了悬液芯片系统的原理及在蛋白质、核酸检测领域的研究进展。     

若干达到界的正交阵列

构造了三类新的正交阵列,它们分别达到Rao-界和文献[9]中提到的两个界.另外,利用这些正交阵列可以构造一些相应的线性码,这些线性码还能够达到编码理论中的Griesmer界.     

基于线阵CCD的油菜条播排种器播量在线监测装置的设计及试验

针对油菜条播机窝眼轮式排种器存在多粒种子同时下落难以监测的问题,设计加装了一种基于线阵CCD传感器的播量监测装置。监测装置发射端采用点光源,通过一组凸透镜形成由平行光线覆盖的种子监测区域,接收端采用线阵CCD传感器,通过实时监测像素值的连续变化,监测油菜种子播量,从而实现对播量的精确计量。运用室内试验台架,对窝眼轮式油菜排种器进行了单粒排种、排种计数、播量监测以及漏播和堵塞报警试验。结果表明:投种高度小于150 mm时,监测装置对单粒投种的监测准确率达100%;排种轴转速分别为20、30和40r/min时,监测装置对1000粒油菜种子计数的准确率分别为98.98%,98.26%和97.32%,对于5、10和20min连续排种播量计量的准确率均能达到97%以上。     

国内虹鳟代表性养殖群体的高通量SNP芯片检测及遗传分析

本研究旨在对国内虹鳟(Oncorhynchus mykiss)代表性养殖群体开展全基因组水平的遗传评估。利用57K单核苷酸多态性(single nucleotide polymorphism,SNP)芯片,检测了来自不同地域的6个虹鳟养殖群体样本共计48尾,包括黑龙江虹鳟、黑龙江金鳟、四川虹鳟、四川金鳟、北京虹鳟和北京金鳟,共获得有效SNP位点50201个,在中国虹鳟中的多态比例达到97.7%,表明该芯片虽然基于美国和挪威虹鳟群体设计,但对中国群体同样具有良好的适用性。各群体最小等位基因频率均值为0.240~0.267,与国外主流养殖群体相近,黑龙江虹鳟、四川虹鳟和北京虹鳟群体内遗传多样性丰富,多态位点比例为83.6%~84.9%,与国外主流养殖群体相近,而黑龙江金鳟、四川金鳟和北京金鳟,多态位点比例相对较低,在60.2%~76.9%范围内。应用6个中国虹鳟群体和2个美国虹鳟群体数据开展系统发育分析、主成分分析和群体遗传结构STRUCTURE分析,结果显示8个群体可分为3个祖源类群,其中3个金鳟群体为遗传联系较紧密的一个类群,黑龙江虹鳟和北京虹鳟为一个类群,而四川虹鳟与2个美国虹鳟群体为一个类群,部分中国养殖群体中有显著离群个体存在,表明群体遗传背景不均一。本研究表明,高密度SNP芯片在我国虹鳟养殖群体遗传分析中具有广泛的应用前景,能够为种质资源评估、本土化良种培育、制种和引种工作提供基因组水平的参考信息。     

肉桂挥发物顶空固相微萃取条件的正交优化

为探讨肉桂挥发物顶空固相微萃取采集的最优条件,采用L<,9>(3<'4>)正交设计方案,测定了萃取温度、萃取时间、热解吸时间和萃取头类型4个因素对于肉桂挥发物检出峰数量、萃取头吸附量和色谱峰分辨率的影响.结果表明,若色谱检出峰数量和吸附量2个评价指标为望大特性,应选择85μm PDMS萃取头,适当升高顶空萃取温度或者延...     

SNP芯片在油菜分子育种的应用

油菜是我国最主要的油料作物之一, 肩负着国内植物油供给的重任,所产菜油占国产油料作物产油的57%以上。近年来,中国面临严重的食用油供给安全问题,国产植物油短缺,进口依赖度达60%以上。我国的油菜产量低、生产成本高、市场竞争力相对较弱是制约我国油菜生产的主要原因之一。努力提高我国油菜育种水平是促进油菜产业发展、保障我国食用油供给安全的有效途径。新型高通量分子育种技术-SNP育种芯片的开发与利用为快速高效油菜育种带来了生机。在油菜及其基本种的基因组测序、SNP分子标记的开发等方面我国已具有良好的研究基础。我国油菜科技工作者正在致力于引进和建立国内自己的油菜育种SNP芯片,为提高油菜育种效率提供技术支撑。     

Analysis of embedded gas detection system based on nano-porphyrin arrays

In view of the necessity of gas detection in environment, an embedded gas detection system is designed based on the basic principles of chromatography change of chemical reaction between nano-porphyrin arrays and micro-gas, which takes ARM9 S3C2440A as the core and nano-porphyrin array as the sensors. The overall program, the circuit organization and control software of the main function module such as spectrum signal acquisition, processing and monitoring are presented. With energy conservation differential equation, the control model of temperature and flow rate in the sample chamber is established, which can precisely control the detection conditions of chemical sensors. Some typical trace gases such as ammonia, enanthaldehyde, cyclohexane and hexanal are tested by the system, and the results show that the system can achieve rapid and accurate detection of trace volatile gas.     

Halbach阵列磁力联轴器传动转矩的数值计算

为提高磁力泵磁力联轴器的传动转矩,对Halbach阵列的特点和制造方法进行阐述,并分析了Halbach阵列的磁场分布情况及磁体的磁化规律.基于ANSYS求解磁传动转矩的基本原理,应用ANSYS软件对24极式Halbach型磁力联轴器的气隙磁场进行有限元分析,研究转角差、气隙厚度、永磁体厚度以及轭铁厚度对磁力联轴器传动转矩的影响.计算结果表明：Halbach型磁力联轴器的传动转矩随转角差呈正弦周期性变化,且在转角差为磁极张角一半时取得最大值;在满足结构要求的前提下应尽量减小工作气隙厚度以提高其传动转矩;随着永磁体厚度的增大,其传动转矩值变化较大且在使用较大尺寸永磁体时更能充分体现Halbach阵列的单边聚磁特性;随着轭铁厚度的增大,传动转矩呈下降趋势但影响很小,因此,在设计Halbach型磁力联轴器时可以取消轭铁结构以降低转动惯量,从而增强联轴器的传动性能.