空气湿度对澳洲坚果开花座果和果实生长的影响

花期的澳洲坚果植株随着空气湿度的降低,其花粉育性降低、座果率及光合产物(叶绿素含量、总糖含量和淀粉含量)下降、幼果生长速度减慢。试验结果表明:空气湿度的降低导致叶片光合作用能力下降,干物质积累少,生物产量降低,花粉萌发率低、花粉管生长速度慢,造成花期不遇、授粉受精不良、座果率低,最后造成产量降低。不同品种受空气湿度胁迫的影响程度不同,品种的内部生理特性、花粉育性以及产量都存在差异。澳洲坚果生长的适宜空气湿度为日平均空气湿度在50%以上。     

关于白石山林业局抚育生长伐小班采伐情况的调查

文章针对白石山林业局抚育生长伐小班的调查设计和采伐,采取现地实测等方法进行调研。发现以下问题:调查设计时,对于"杂木",只要够检尺径级一律检尺进帐;作业时小径设计应伐木应采未采、砸伤迎门树过多;集材过程中幼树、幼苗毁坏严重;小班清理不规范。其原因:有些中龄林林分质量较差,"四不像"林分占据一定比例;抚育目的不明确,存在单纯取材思想;工作责任心不强,伐区作业管理不到位;个别小班立地条件较差,采用畜力集材相对困难。     

A review of stand basal area growth models

Growth and yield modeling has a long history in forestry. The methods of measuring the growth of stand basal area have evolved from those developed in the U.S.A. and Germany during the last century. Stand basal area modeling has progressed rapidly since the first widely used model was published by the U.S. Forest Service. Over the years, a variety of models have been developed for predicting the growth and yield of uneven/even-aged stands using stand-level approaches. The modeling methodology has not only moved from an empirical approach to a more ecological process-based approach but also accommodated a variety of techniques such as: 1) simultaneous equation methods, 2) difference models, 3) artificial neural network techniques, 4) linear/nonlinear regres-sion models, and 5) matrix models. Empirical models using statistical methods were developed to reproduce accurately and precisely field observations. In contrast, process models have a shorter history, developed originally as research and education tools with the aim of increasing the understanding of cause and effect relationships. Empirical and process models can be married into hybrid mod-els in which the shortcomings of both component approaches can, to some extent, be overcome. Algebraic difference forms of stand basal area models which consist of stand age, stand density and site quality can fully describe stand growth dynamics. This paper reviews the current literature regarding stand basal area models, discusses the basic types of models and their merits and outlines recent progress in modeling growth and dynamics of stand basal area. Future trends involving algebraic difference forms, good fitting variables and model types into stand basal area modeling strategies are discussed.     

抗风耐盐常绿树种弗吉尼亚栎引种初步研究

引进美国弗吉尼亚栎在浙江、上海、江苏三省市海涂和内陆多个地点试种3～4 a,均能正常生长,在杭州湾滨海盐土上生长良好.弗吉尼亚栎苗缺乏发达的侧根和须根,不易移植成活,采用容器育苗和带土大苗造林可显著提高造林成活率和生长量.     

温地松幼林施肥研究

在江西水丰第四纪红壤上，营造湿地松林进行施肥试验，３ａ的结果表明，施Ｐ或配合Ｎ、Ｋ使树高Ｈ、全林地径断面积ＧＢＡ、全林胸高断面积ＢＡ、冠幅直径ＣＷ等总生长量分别较对照增长３５％￣４５％、５２％￣１０９％、１１９％￣１９５％、２９％￣４９％。湿地松连年生长的比较反映出，施Ｐ或配合Ｎ、Ｋ，造林施肥的当年肥效极为显，Ｈ、ＧＢＡ、较对照分别增长２６％￣５５％、１１９％￣１９５％；其后效在第２年也极显；     

球毛壳菌对樟子松的侵染规律研究

榆林风沙区樟子松枯死主要发生在10—15年生幼龄林上，7月上旬至8月下旬为感病高峰期，翌年4月中旬至5月中旬为死亡高峰期。病菌孢子在整个生长季均能放散与传播，降雨节律及降雨量直接影响孢子的扩散与数量。人工接种发现：病菌的侵入期主要在6月中旬至8月中旬，潜育期半个月，侵入途径是伤口，病株感病部位及枯死枝是病原菌的越冬场所，密度高，植被盖度大的林分感病重。     

短枝木麻黄种源试验与生长变异规律研究

对11年生短枝木麻黄41个种源的生长性状进行方差分析和相关分析,结果表明:各性状生长在种源间的差异极显著;这种变异与种源所在的地理位置关系不十分密切;仅分布在南半球的种源,其树高生长与纬度呈显著负相关;种源高生长在苗期与11年生的生长关系不紧密,而树高、胸径在其他各生长期间的相关性达极显著水平。性状间的相关分析表明,树高、胸径、单株材积之间呈高度正相关。采用综合权重分析法,初步筛选出8个优良种源:广东湛江、18154(菲律宾)、18014(印度)、18157(马来西亚)、18153(巴布亚新几内亚)、18158(马来西亚)、18298(泰国)、18118(越南),这些种源均好于本地种源,可在闽南地区推广应用,为生产提供良种。     

京珠高速公路从化段生态景观林13个乡土阔叶树种生长表现初探

在京珠高速公路从化段两侧生态景观林改造套种中,对2003年乡土树种造林中的枫香等6个主要造林树种进行生长分析,结果表明:各树种间高生长存在显著差异,黎蒴林木生长较好,红锥、黄樟、枫香、木荷、山杜英较差;对蓝花楹等7个伴生树种的生长分析结果表明:各树种间高生长存在着明显差异,蓝花楹生长较好,凤凰木、米老排、火力楠次之,红花油茶、大叶紫薇、大头茶较差。乡土树种与速生树种间种中的黎蒴等4个造林树种的高生长分析结果表明:黎蒴、黄樟、木荷、大头茶与卷荚相思间种的高生长明显优于与尾叶桉间种。