论生态危机的四种根源及其特征

生态危机的根源众多,归纳起来,主要有四种,即市场根源、认识根源、科技根源和政治根源.主要从市场的成本分摊性、人类中心论、科技异化以及政治对致毁性技术应用的加速作用分别对上述四种根源及特征进行了深入分析.     

Harvesting of leaf-hay shaped the Swedish landscape

The hypothesis that the harvesting of leaf-hay was of great importance in agriculture and consequently had a substantial impact on deciduous forest areas is verified. The main sources are ethnological records collected from elderly informants, mainly between 1920 and 1940. At many farmsteads, leaf-hay was the main, and sometimes only, fodder used for sheep and goats. Information is presented from different districts in Sweden on the number of leaf-sheaves normally harvested at farmsteads and consumed during winter per goat and sheep (the median is 200). It is estimated that nearly 200 million leaf-sheaves were consumed annually by sheep and goats in Sweden around 1850. Horses, cattle and swine were also given leaf-hay, but the amount consumed has not been estimated because of poorer sources. The harvested quantity indicates that the greater part of the Swedish deciduous forest landscape in populated areas was exploited in the 19th century; at least one million hectares of land covered by deciduous trees were exploited. In forested areas, most of the leaf-hay was harvested on outland, usually by felling trees. In plain areas in the southern half of Sweden, a larger part was harvested on the infields, where pollards were also more common. The use of leaf-hay declined during the 19th century Swedish agrarian revolution. During the first half of the 20th century, the practice was also abandoned in forested areas.This revised version was published online in May 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

兔、猫和人的腓肠肌外侧头肌亚体与肌纤维型比较研究

目的是探讨兔、猫与人的腓肠肌外侧头肌亚体与肌纤维型的分布。采用人体解剖结合组织化学方法确定其肌亚体，并作肌动球朊ATP酶酸碱法染色，毛细血管数量统计及其三型肌纤维的直径与面积的图象分析。结果表明，兔、猫与人各肌亚体FG型纤维数比例为最高，FOG型纤维居中，SO型肌纤维最少。各肌亚体SO型纤维毛细血管数目最多，家兔、猫与人均为为内侧亚体的毛细血管／mm^2数目为最多。各肌亚体SO型纤维直径与面积为最小。说明人与哺乳动物各肌亚体均见有包裹纤维和快缩纤维的同型聚集。     

发展规范化农业科技企业应思考的几个问题

为进一步发挥农业科技企业在农业经济中的作用，从不同角度探讨了如何发展规范化的农业科技企业。首先明确了农业科技企业的概念和特征，其次在推行现代企业制度时要注意明晰产权和科学管理，最后要注意培养高素质的科技型企业家和员工队伍。     

论罪刑法定原则的人权保障功能

本文从人权的内容及其逻辑形态的转变条件入手，揭示出切实保障人权需要借助于国家政权采取法律手段，而为了充分发挥法律手段的积极作用，消除其负而影响，禁止国家机关及其司法人员滥用刑罚，必须将其限制在理性范围之内，而根本方法就是罪刑法定，由此，文中揭示了罪刑法定原则对人权的保障作用。     

Status Quo and Expectation of Human-machine Interaction in HCR

Human-centered idea and human-machine collaboration are emphasized in the Human Centered Robotics, which is mainly used for human-machine cooperation required mission in dynamic and non-structural environment. This paper presents a WearComp based interface that gets over the space and time limitation on human-robot interaction. By adapting AR(augment reality) in outputting channel, the information of robotics status and warning was accentuated in the transmission. That method effectively saves the resources of transmission band and reappearance, lightens the burden of operators and contributes to a good operator consciousness to local condition and remote environment. By parallel and mutual compensation of MultiModality interaction, and by integrating and fusing the redundant information, the ambiguity and noise of inputting information can be eliminated. All of above get rid of input bottleneck; a more efficient and humanistic human machine interaction is provided.     

中国流行株HIV及其与细胞因子基因共表达核酸疫苗质粒的构建及表达

以表达中国流行株HIV-1gp120基因的核酸疫苗质粒pGP及共表达中国流行株HIV-1gp120基因与IFN基因的核酸疫苗质粒pG-PIFN转染BHK-21细胞,以间接免疫荧光鉴定其表达产物。将上述两种质粒经胫前肌注射BALB/c鼠,检测gp120抗体的产生情况及ConA和Lps诱导的T细胞增殖能力。结果显示,荧光显微镜下pGPIFN转染细胞可见绿色荧光而pGP转染细胞未见绿色荧光。pGPIFN与pGP均可刺激小鼠产生抗gp120抗体,协同注射gp120和IFN基因的小鼠产生的抗体滴度明显高于单独注射gp120的小鼠。pGPIFN免疫鼠对ConA和Lps诱导的T细胞增殖能力明显高于单独注射gp120的小鼠。实验结果表明,协同应用IFN基因可明显加强HIV-1gp120基收稿日期:2002-07-19基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(3977066);国家杰出青年基金项目(39825119)作者简介:郭　焱(1963-),女,吉林省长春市人,长春中医学院基础医学部副教授,硕士,主要从事分子病毒学研究工作。因的免疫反应,为中国流行株HIV-1核酸疫苗的可行性提供了重要实验依据。     

烟草企业人力资源管理系统建设的规划与设计

开展人力资源管理信息系统建设,对于烟草企业的管理有着重要的意义。本文分析了烟草企业人力资源管理系统建设存在的困境;从建设目标、总体功能规划、具体功能模块规划三个角度,研究和探讨贵州烟草商业人力资源管理信息系统的规划与设计;介绍了贵州烟草商业人力资源管理信息系统的建设进展情况;并对人力资源管理信息系统的建设进行了总结与展望。     

茶氨酸和其衍生物茶氨酸氯香酰胺对高转移的 人乳腺癌细胞生长的抑制作用

旨在评估茶氨酸（T）和本实验室合成的新颖的茶氨酸衍生物-茶氨酸氯香酰胺（TClC）对高转移的人乳腺癌MDA-MB-231细胞生长的抑制作用,并对其作用的机制进行初步探究。采用MTT法检测不同浓度的T和TClC对MDA-MB-231细胞体外生长的影响,采用Western blotting对MDA-MB-231细胞中与癌细胞凋亡相关蛋白的表达以及药物作用可能的分子靶点进行检测。结果显示,随着浓度的增高,T和TClC对人乳腺癌MDA-MB-231细胞体外生长的抑制作用逐渐增强, TClC的抑制作用要明显强于T;T和TClC均能够下调抗凋亡蛋白Bcl-2的表达水平,同时上调促凋亡蛋白Bax的表达水平,使Bcl-2/Bax比率减少。此外,T和TClC均能抑制血管内皮生长因子受体VEGFR1和核转录因子NF-κB的表达, 而TClC的抑制作用要明显强于T。T和TClC对这些蛋白水平的调节作用可能是抑制MDA-MB-231细胞生长的重要机制之一。这些结果表明,T和TClC对治疗高转移的人乳腺癌可能具有广阔的应用前景。