落葵多糖的提取方法及其工艺优化研究

通过单因素和正交试验,对提取落葵多糖的方法和工艺进行了研究。结果表明,落葵多糖的最佳提取方法为微波提取法;最佳的提取工艺条件为:料液比1∶50,提取2次,提取功率40 W,提取时间45 min,其中提取时间为主要影响因素。     

棒节石斛中的多糖分布及提取工艺研究

 为了比较棒节石斛茎和叶中多糖的含量,采用苯酚-硫酸法对棒节石斛茎和叶中水溶性多糖含量进行了测定。同时采用正交试验设计法,以提取多糖的质量为评价指标,综合考虑影响多糖提取的因素,对水提醇沉法提取棒节石斛茎中多糖工艺进行了优化。结果表明,石斛茎中的多糖含量高于叶中多糖含量,其中茎中多糖含量9.60%,叶中多糖含量6.03%。优化后的较佳工艺条件为：温度95℃,提取时间25h,pH值8,料液比1∶40,乙醇浓度90%。按优化后工艺,石斛多糖提取率为60.6%。     

棉粕非淀粉多糖的体外酶解效果研究

采用单因子设计,在一定水分(料水比为1∶10)、温度(40℃)和pH值(6.0)条件下酶解2h时棉粕非淀粉多糖含量的变化,对非淀粉多糖酶对棉粕非淀粉多糖的降解效果进行了研究.结果表明:木聚糖酶酶浓度为4 000 U/kg时,对可溶性和不可溶nsp的降解效果都是最大;甘露聚糖酶酶浓度为4 000 U/kg时,对可溶性ns...     

正交试验法筛选蛤蟆油粗多糖酶解提取工艺的研究

为确定胰蛋白酶酶解法提取蛤蟆油多糖的最佳提取工艺,以料液比、加酶量、酶解时间和pH值为因子,设计了L9(34)正交试验,测定了多糖纯度和多糖得率。结果表明:最大多糖得率条件为料液比1∶200,加酶量11%,酶解时间12 h,pH 7.5,此条件下蛤蟆油多糖得率为7.2%;最高纯度条件为料液比1∶300,加酶量11%,酶解时间4 h,pH 7.5,此条件下蛤蟆油多糖纯度为16.9%。     

管花肉苁蓉粗多糖提取方法及其清除二苯代苦味酰基自由基的效果

为探索管花肉苁蓉活性成分多糖的最佳提取方法,初步评价其抗氧化活性,分别采用超声-微波协同萃取、微波、水浴及超声波4种不同方法提取管花肉苁蓉中的粗多糖,并对其清除DPPH自由基的效果进行了初步研究.结果表明,超声-微波协同提取效果最佳,其次是微波、水浴和超声波.管花肉苁蓉粗多糖的最佳提取条件为:提取温度95℃,提取时间1...     

龙胆多糖对雏鸡免疫功能的影响

为研究龙胆多糖对禽类免疫机能的影响,将120只艾维菌肉鸡随机分成4个组,采用口服龙胆多糖的方法,在免疫的7、14、28、42天取胸腺和脾脏,计算脏器指数和制作组织切片.结果表明,50 mg/kg和100mg/kg龙胆多糖剂量组均能够不同程度的增强禽类的胸腺指数和脾脏指数,促进免疫器官的发育,研究证实龙胆多糖对禽类的免疫功能有一定的促进作用.     

Alfalfa polysaccharides improve the growth performance and antioxidant status of heat-stressed rabbits

The study was conducted to evaluate the antioxidant properties of alfalfa polysaccharides (APS) extracted from alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) through 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging assay and the effects of the inclusion (0%, 0.1%, and 0.5%) of APS in the diet on the growth performance and antioxidant status in heat-stressed rabbits. 120 New Zealand male rabbits (average body weight 1123 g, 40 d old) were divided into three groups (40 rabbits per group) and were fed with a basal diet or the basal diet with 1 g or 5 g of APS/kg of diet. Rabbits had free access to diets and water in an environmentally controlled room at 30 ± 1 °C and 55% relative humidity during the entire period (21 d). On days 7, 14 and 21 of the trial, body weight and feed intake were measured and blood samples were collected for assay of antioxidant induces. Liver tissue samples were collected on day 21 for assay of antioxidant induces. Results in vitro showed the scavenging effect of APS on DPPH radicals increased (P < 0.05) in a dose-dependent manner. The APS exerted an inhibitory effect on DPPH radical generation, with 66.3% inhibition at 100 µg/mL and 74.5% inhibition at 250 µg/mL. Results in vivo showed that APS 0.1% supplementation increased (P < 0.05) average daily gain (ADG) and reduced (P < 0.05) feed conversion rate (FCR) in the first week of trial. Compared with the control group, average daily feed intake (ADFI) was significantly (P < 0.01) reduced by APS treatment. From days 8 to 14 of the trial, ADG of the APS 0.5% group was greater (P < 0.05) than that of the control group. Compared with the control group, FCR was significantly (P < 0.05) reduced by APS treatment. From days 15 to 21 of the trial, ADFI of the APS 0.1% group was greater (P < 0.05) than that of the control group. For the overall period, APS 0.5% supplementation had a significantly (P < 0.05) positive effect on ADG. ADFI and FCR were lower (P < 0.05) with APS than without APS. Furthermore, on day 7, the inclusion of APS reduced significantly MDA (P < 0.01). The rabbits fed with APS 0.1% had significantly (P < 0.01) lower cortisol and greater (P < 0.05) T-AOC, SOD, and GSH-Px than the control group. On day 14, addition of APS increased T-AOC (P < 0.01) and reduced MDA (P < 0.05). The APS 0.5% group showed lower (P < 0.05) cortisol and greater (P < 0.05) GSH-Px than the control group. On day 21, the rabbits fed with the APS 0.5% diet had greater (P < 0.05) GSH-Px and T-AOC compared with the control rabbits. In contrast, the opposite was true for cortisol (P < 0.05) and MDA (P < 0.05). On day 21, MDA was lower (P < 0.01) with APS than without APS in the liver tissue. Hepatic GSH-Px activity of rabbits fed with the APS 0.5% diet was greater (P < 0.05) than those of other groups. APS supplementation seemed to have a positive influence on the growth performance and antioxidant status of heat-stressed rabbits.     

中草药复合制剂对蛋鸡血清生化指标和鸡蛋营养品质的影响

[目的]探讨中草药复合制剂对蛋鸡血清生化指标和鸡蛋营养品质的影响。[方法]选用1200只44周龄江汉鸡为试验动物,随机分成5组,分别饲喂不同含量的黄芪多糖和小檗碱,63d后,测定其血清生化指标和鸡蛋主要营养成分的含量。[结果]各处理组蛋鸡血清生化指标中的总蛋白、球蛋白、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）和碱性磷酸酶（ALP）的含量均比对照组有所增加,且差异显著或极显著（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）;各处理组鸡蛋中的胆固醇含量均比对照组有所降低,且差异显著或极显著（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）。[结论]在基础日粮中添加200mg/kg黄芪多糖和30mg/kg小檗碱效果最好。     

灵芝小试发酵工艺研究

[目的]探讨灵芝小试发酵的工艺条件,为灵芝的开发利用提供参考依据。[方法]采用硫酸-苯酚法,测定不同培养基、温度、菌种种龄、接种量和搅拌速度条件下灵芝多糖含量的变化。[结果]灵芝小试最佳发酵条件为：种龄72h,接种量为10%～15%,发酵温度28℃,搅拌转速350r/min,此时的灵芝多糖产量可达到0.27g/100ml。[结论]灵芝小试发酵工艺具有周期短,产量大和成本低等优点,具有很好的工业化前景。     

香菇·灵芝菌丝体多糖的提取及复合抗氧化活性研究

[目的]为更好地利用香菇、灵芝菌丝体多糖提供科学依据。[方法]采用液体深层发酵获得香菇、灵芝菌丝体,通过正交试验确定香菇、灵芝菌丝体多糖最佳提取条件,并研究2种多糖复合后抗氧化活性。[结果]香菇菌丝体胞内多糖的最佳提取条件为料液比1∶10,浸提时间4.0 h,浸提温度90℃,该条件下所提取多糖含量最高为10.3%;灵芝菌丝体胞内多糖的最佳提取条件为料液比1∶20,浸提时间3.5 h,浸提温度90℃,该条件下所提取多糖含量最高为17.2%。香菇菌丝体多糖∶灵芝菌丝体多糖为1∶1的复合多糖对羟自由基的清除效果最好,最高可达62.89%,比单味多糖提高50%以上。[结论]香菇、灵芝菌丝体多糖经过合适的配伍可显著提高自由基清除效果。