Cucumber fruit quality at harvest affected by soilless system,crop age and preharvest climatic conditions during two consecutive seasons

Cucumber fruits (Cucumis sativus L., cv. Trópico F1) grown on perlite substrate and NFT (Nutrient Film Technique) were harvested during two seasons (winter and spring) to monitor the effects of climatic conditions and hydroponic growth systems on fruit quality at harvest. The best fruit quality at harvest, as measured by lightness and hue angle parameters, was obtained during the 3 weeks following the first winter picking. When values of a parameter of preharvest climate value called G^* were lower than 0.4 MJ m⁻² °C day⁻¹ interval⁻¹, the cucumber achieved its optimum quality at harvest, as measured by the dark green color of the skin. NFT-grown fruits showed darker and greener skin color (higher hue angle and lower lightness) compared with perlite-grown fruit, irrespective of the season considered. During the winter season, the plant transpiration rate was 30% higher in perlite than in NFT culture, which correlates with higher differences in G^* and 40% additional yield in perlite. However, in spring G^* was not sensitive enough to discriminate between the two hydroponic systems. In general, fruit quality at harvest in spring was lower than during the winter, due to flesh whitening, higher longitudinal and equatorial calibers, and slightly higher pH, as well as worse epidermal color coordinates (ranging from the dark and dull green color typical of winter fruit to light and a vivid green-yellow color). During the spring season, NFT-grown fruit were less acid than perlite-grown fruit with no apparent correlation with the climatic conditions or fruit nutrition.     

一种改进的柴油机冷启动热力参数计算模型

为了提高柴油机冷启动过程中缸内燃气压缩温度的计算精度,确保其能达到着火温度,根据热力学定律,综合考虑柴油机冷启动过程中工质压缩时的泄漏、热量的损失以及余隙容积等参数,对柴油机冷启动热力过程进行了详细的分析和推导,得出了一种具有普遍规律的新的数学模型.模型应用结果表明,随着相对余隙容积的增加,最终压缩温度呈非线性降低的趋势,当实际压缩比为20以及相对余隙容积为0.05时,和不考虑相对余隙容积而仅考虑气体泄漏、热量损失的情况相比,其最终压缩温度差值最大可达到43 ℃.     

新起点农机装备再出发

我国农机装备从零起步,不断发展,特别是"十五"以来快速壮大,产业规模和能力不断提升,研发体系基本形成,产品不断优化升级,科技创新能力不断提升,农机装备正向着"从有到全"的方向不断迈进.通过对"十五"以来20年农机装备发展的回顾,围绕我国制造强国、乡村振兴、农业农村现代化等重大战略,以实现第一个百年奋斗目标为新起点,对农...     

论从犯原因力的判断

从犯的原因力是指成立从犯所必需的因行为人的行为与其他人的犯罪行为之间产生的内在的必然联系。从犯是否成立,要经过一般性判断、具体性判断和排除性判断三个环节。一般性判断主要考虑是否具有成立从犯所要求的主观要件和客观要件,具体性判断涉及事前判断与事后判断、主观判断和客观判断、应然判断与实然判断,排除性判断主要考虑刑法分则的特殊规定和刑法总则中的但书。     

带式输送机软起动数字电液比例控制

将采用数字高速开关阀构成的新型电液比例控制系统,应用于大功率带式输送机的软起动装置中;分析软起动装置的负载特性,提出软起动装置数字电液比例控制系统的数学模型,为拓宽数字高速开关阀的应用领域提供了例证。     

共轨柴油机起动油量和主喷提前角对起动特性的影响

为研究起动油量和主喷提前角对起动特性的影响,以Bosch第二代高压共轨燃油喷射系统为基础,建立了高压共轨试验测控系统,进行了试验研究,并总结出起动油量和主喷提前角对起动时间和排放的影响规律。试验结果表明：起动过程的起动时间随着起动油量的增加先减小后增大,HC排放随着起动油量的增加而增大;随着主喷提前角的变化存在一个主喷提前角使起动性能最佳,过大或者过小的主喷提前角都会使起动时间增大,HC排放增多。     

秦岭山地水石流特性及其起动力学分析

水石流是秦岭山地泥石流主要类型之一，分布广泛，发育典型，灾害严重，笔通过实地考察资料，对秦岭山地水石流的运动特性进行了研究，并对其起动的力学性能作了初步分析。     

蛋重对孵化率、初生重及性比例的影响

通过孵化试验,探索了罗曼父母代蛋重对孵化率、初生重及性比例的影响。结果表明:蛋重在58～65g范围内,孵化率最高;蛋重与初生重呈强正相关(r=0.9781);蛋重与性比例无直接关系,符合遗传规律1:1的性比例关系。     

柴油机冷起动时放热规律计算研究

实测柴油机冷起动过程气缸压力及瞬时转速，考虑瞬时转速变化进行冷起动过程放热规律计算分析，结果表明转速较低时，瞬时转速对放热规律计算有较大的影响。     

在FANUC0i系统中巧用径向切槽循环G75指令

在FANUC0i系统中，采用径向切槽循环G75指令可提高工件外圆沟槽的切削加工效率，简化编程，提高编程的正确性。介绍了G75指令的内容，并以实际加工为例说明了该指令的应用方法。