新型生产经营主体信息化建设思考——基于荆门市农民专业合作社信息化建设现状的调研

课题组在荆门市遴选出23家种植、养殖、农机服务中有较强代表性的农民专业合作社,通过多种形式调研发现,荆门市农民专业合作社信息化建设过程中,存在比较突出的问题:农业信息采集的目的不明确、农业信息化基础设施建设不足、农业信息服务体系建设不完善。本文建议在发展理念上,变供给导向为需求导向,把食品安全问题作为农民专业合作社信息化建设的突破口,并结合荆门市农产品质量安全追溯平台提出了开发和推广的技术路线。     

高职院校《思想道德修养与法律基础》课教学娱乐化倾向问题探析

高职院校《思想道德修养与法律基础》课（以下简称＂基础＂课）教学娱乐化倾向日益严重,已经严重消弱了＂基础＂课理论育人的实际效果。高职院校要在行为上进行纠偏更要在理念层面进行反思。固守政治性是＂基础＂课教学的核心要求,高职院校要以此为准并积极探寻修正教学娱乐化倾向的具体路径。     

火龙果日光温室栽培的搭架技术应用

搭架是火龙果日光温室栽培的基本操作环节,但是人们对其重要性认识不足,研究也不够深入,认为其技术含量不高,操作的随意性很大,对火龙果温室栽培技术推广应用产生了不利的影响。该文在多年生产试验的基础上,对搭架的重要性,搭架的技术要求和目前普遍采取的种植方式作了详尽的描述,对指导火龙果的标准化,规范化栽培,实现优质丰产具有积极的指导作用。     

论市场经济进程中的伦理异化

市场经济时代的到来促进了中国社会的快速发展,但同时,在日渐物化的社会中,人们开始以社会道德的丧失为代价来换取自身利益的满足.这种社会道德异化现象的出现严重影响了社会经济的持续发展,扭曲了社会主义制度下发展经济的目的.要改变这种“异化”现象,就得让人们明白“社会道德是衡量社会发展水平的一杆秤,离开社会道德,社会发展就失去了意义”这一道理.人们只有用正确的社会道德观来规范自己的行为,才能更好地促进社会经济的健康发展,才能有助于解决经济发展中出现的种种问题,才能更好地构建社会主义和谐社会.     

Computer simulations of homeward-migrating Fraser River sockeye salmon: is compass orientation a sufficient direction-finding mechanism in the north-east Pacific Ocean?

Computer simulations were used to investigate whether compass orientation is a sufficient guidance mechanism for sockeye salmon migrating to the Fraser River from their ocean foraging grounds in the north-east Pacific Ocean. Daily surface ocean currents, simulated by the ocean surface current simulations (OSCURS) model, were used to test the influence of currents on the return oceanic migration of Fraser River sockeye salmon. High seas tagging and coastal recover data of Fraser River sockeye salmon were used for the migration simulations. Surface currents were shown to increase the speed of the homeward-migrating sockeye salmon, as well as to deflect the fish in a north-eastward direction. In spite of ocean currents, all Fraser River sockeye salmon were able to reach their destination with a fixed direction and bioenergetically efficient swimming speed when migration was delayed until the last month at sea. Compass orientation alone was shown to be a sufficient direction-finding mechanism for Fraser River sockeye salmon.     

The role of learning in fish orientation

Past research on fish orientation and migration has tended to focus on genetically fixed patterns of behaviour. However, in most aquatic environments, the physical landscape as well as biologically important locations will be subject to varying degrees of change, favouring an ability to learn. Here, we review the evidence from field and laboratory‐based experiments that fish can and do use learning and memory to orientate within their natural environments, relying on information from a diverse array of different sources. Comparisons of different species and populations suggest that fish may be predisposed to learn specific associations at specific times or places, appropriate for the particular navigational problems that they are likely to encounter.     

Social learning in fishes: a review

Animals acquire skills and knowledge from other animals, and fish are no exception. There is now strong experimental evidence that many species of fish exhibit social learning and traditional behaviours. Here, we review the literature pertaining to social learning in fish, focusing on (i) antipredator behaviour, (ii) migration and orientation, (iii) foraging, (iv) mate choice and (v) eavesdropping.     

基于Jetson Nano处理器的大蒜鳞芽朝向调整装置设计与试验

为满足大蒜定向播种的农艺要求,针对现有大蒜鳞芽调整方法对杂交蒜适应性差的问题,该研究设计了一种基于Jetson Nano处理器的大蒜鳞芽朝向自动调整装置。采用双卷积神经网络模型结构,其中一个神经网络模型对大蒜是否被喂入进行实时监测,检测到大蒜喂入调整装置后,一个ResNet-18网络模型对蒜种鳞芽朝向进行判断,当鳞芽朝上时大蒜鳞芽调整机构打开Y型料斗使大蒜以鳞芽朝上的姿态直接落下,当鳞芽朝下时大蒜鳞芽调整机构翻转180°带动大蒜一起翻转后以鳞芽朝上的姿态落下,实现大蒜鳞芽朝向实时调整。神经网络模型推理及舵机控制采用英伟达边缘计算处理器Jetson Nano进行处理。利用离散元分析软件EDEM结合正交试验方法对调整装置的关键结构参数进行优化,并以杂交大蒜为试验对象进行台架试验,试验结果表明:大蒜鳞芽调整成功率为96.25%,模型推理时间0.045 s,平均每粒大蒜调整时间为0.785 s,满足大蒜播种机播种要求。该文研究结果可为解决杂交大蒜直立播种问题及边缘计算在精密播种设备中的应用提供有益参考。     

崩岗侵蚀地貌分布的海拔高程与坡向选择性

崩岗侵蚀地貌在华南地区广泛分布,近年的崩岗普查为科学研究提供了详实的资料。根据统计结果,重新认识了早期提出的崩岗侵蚀地貌的分布具有海拔高程和坡向选择性的特点。通过对几个典型崩岗发育区资料的分析表明,人类生产活动的高程范围影响着崩岗的发育和分布,崩岗分布的地形相对高差研究较海拔高程研究更具现实意义。以推理方式质疑已有崩岗侵蚀地貌分布坡向性选择的成因解释,并提出可能是由于统计盲点而导致的表象性误差。分析结果表明,太阳辐射—崩岗发育的推论有其限制条件,应将人类生产活动作为崩岗侵蚀地貌发育新的驱动力给予充分认识。