秸秆还田与优化施氮改善烤烟根际土壤碳氮转化及氮素吸收

针对华南沙泥田烟区氮肥过量施用导致烟叶品质下降的问题,拟通过秸秆还田与氮肥优化配施调节烤烟各生育期氮吸收、根际土壤碳氮转化及相关酶的活性。试验采用随机区组设计,设水稻秸秆还田与氮肥两因素,其中3个碳（秸秆还田）水平：C0,无秸秆还田,0 kg/hm ²;C1,中量秸秆还田,4500 kg/hm ²;C2,全部秸秆还田,9000 kg/hm ²;2个氮水平：N1,传统施氮,169.50 kg/hm ²;N2,优化施氮,105.00 kg/hm ²。结果表明,与N1相比,N2处理秸秆还田下烤烟前期烟叶和根系氮吸收和累积正常,而后期有所下降;C1、C2处理时,与现蕾期相比,成熟期时根系氮含量均降低4.2 g/kg,叶片氮含量降低3.8、3.0 g/kg;成熟期时,与N1处理相比,N2处理时C1、C2处理的土壤无机氮含量降低30.4%、20.0%,前期2个氮处理间土壤无机氮含量无差异,优化施氮下中量秸秆还田（C1N2）处理烤烟土壤NH₄ ⁺-N含量在整个生育期内较高且呈降低趋势,而硝态氮和土壤无机氮含量在成熟期最低,表明中量秸秆还田下优化施氮能够维持生育前期土壤无机氮含量,且降低成熟期土壤无机氮含量。2个秸秆还田量处理时,团棵期N2处理的土壤转化酶活性是N1处理的1.30、1.13倍;旺长期土壤转化酶活性是N1处理的1.27、1.10倍;与传统施氮相比,秸秆还田下优化施氮处理增加了整个生育期土壤脲酶、磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶活性。在中量秸秆还田（C1）处理下,与N1水平相比,现蕾期和成熟期的N2处理土壤水溶性碳含量提高11.2%和14.1%;与N1相比,N2处理的土壤微生物量氮含量呈降低趋势。综上所述,优化施氮耦合中量秸秆还田（C1N2）能够提高土壤水溶性碳含量,维持土壤氮素合理供应,稳定烤烟生育前期对氮素吸收与累积,减少生育后期烟叶氮素奢侈吸收,与烤烟吸氮规律比较吻合。     

TRMM在海河流域南系的降水估算精度评价及其对SWAT模型的适用性

准确估算区域降水对水文过程评价和水资源管理意义重大。为评估TRMM 3B42V7降水产品在海河流域南系的估算精度及其在土壤和水评估模型(Soil and Water Assessment Tool,SWAT)中的适用性,利用28个气象站降水观测数据(2007-2016年)和101个雨量站观测数据(2010-2016年)开展研究。研究表明:站点尺度上,3B42V7降水产品对月降水估算的均方根误差小于15 mm,平均误差小于8.5 mm;在湿润季节的估算精度更好。流域尺度上,日降水估算精度较差,相关系数小于0.6。分区尺度上,3B42V7能够很好地捕捉到不同等级降水强度,但对微量降雨有所低估;山区和平原的年降水量均出现高估现象,平原区较为突出;此外,3B42V7能够较好地捕捉到研究区内极端降水的时间和空间分布。分2种情景进行水文模拟,利用月平均流量对模型进行校准和验证,在情景Ⅰ中,验证期模拟结果较好,决定系数在0.56~0.96之间,纳什效率系数在-11.09~0.94之间。TRMM 3B42V7可为海河流域及其类似区域的水资源管理提供参考。     

CUDC-907 induces DNA damage and autophagy in glioma cells

AIM:To investigate the effect of CUDC-907, a dual histone deacetylase (HDAC) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor, on the DNA damage, cell cycle distribution and autophagy in human glioma U251 cells. METHODS:U251 cells were treated with CUDC-907 of different concentrations, and the cell viability was detected by MTT assay. The quantitative γ-H2AX foci were determined by laser scanning confocal microscopy. The cell cycle distribution of U251 cells was examined by flow cytometry. The protein expression was determined by Western blot analysis. RESULTS:CUDC-907 inhibited the cell viability and the phosphorylation of Akt and p70 ribosomal protein S6 kinase (p70s6K) in the U251 cells (P<0.05). In CUDC-907-treated cells, the number of γ-H2AX foci and protein expression of γ-H2AX were increased significantly (P<0.05). CUDC-907 also induced cell arrest in the G₂/M phase by up-regulating the expression of p21, and inhibiting the protein level of cyclin B1 and the phosphorylation of cell division cycle protein 2 (Cdc2). In addition, CUDC-907 triggered cell autophagy, and inhibition of autophagy increased CUDC-907-induced DNA damage of U251 cells. CONCLUSION:CUDC-907 significantly inhibits PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, induces DNA damage and arrests cell cycle in G₂/M phase. Blockage of autophagy promotes CUDC-907-induced DNA damage of U251 cells.     

Inlfuence of FSH Treatment on Expression of CDC25A,TSSK3 and P53in Vitro Cultured Sertoli Cells of Calf

CDC25A, TSSK3 and P53 expressionsin vitro in cultured sertoli cells after FSH treatment were studied in order to provide some data for further researches of spermatogenesis. Different concentrations of...     

猪流行性腹泻病毒山西分离株ORF3基因序列分析

为了研究山西地区猪流行性腹泻病毒ORF3基因的遗传变异情况,2014-2015年从山西地区11个地市收集的PEDV阳性病料中扩增到4株PEDV的ORF3基因,并进行序列比对及遗传分析。序列分析结果表明,4株PEDV山西分离毒株的ORF3基因与CV777毒株相比,无核苷酸插入和缺失,有部分核苷酸及氨基酸发生变异;4株PEDV山西分离毒株的ORF3基因之间核苷酸和氨基酸的同源性分别为99.6%~100.0%和98.7%~99.6%,与CV777、疫苗株CV777 truncated和attenuated DR13核苷酸同源性分别为96.6%~97.0%,90.6%,97.6%~98.1%,氨基酸同源性分别为95.1%~96.0%,88.0%,97.1%~98.1%。遗传进化分析结果显示,4株PEDV山西分离毒株与12株2010-2015年我国各地方分离的毒株和2009年分离的CH/JL/09毒株亲缘关系较近;与CV777、LZC、Brl/87和2个疫苗株(CV777truncated和attenuated DR13)亲缘关系较远。     

HMGCR基因多态性与肉牛屠宰性状相关性分析

MHGCR是胆固醇生物合成过程中的限速酶,在内源胆固醇生物合成过程中起着重要的作用。研究以牛HMGCR基因为候选基因,采用PCR-SSCP和测序技术在利杂牛、利西杂牛、秦川牛、西杂牛和夏西杂牛五个群体共123个个体中检测遗传变异情况。结果表明,检测到AA和AB共2种基因型,没有发现BB基因型,测序分析发现一处SNP多态位点(GenBank:BC153262.1 11137TC)。不同基因型与屠宰性状的相关性分析显示,在利西杂群体中AA基因型个体与AB基因型个体相比,AA基因型个体的屠宰率和牛柳指标达到了极显著水平(P0.01),而AA基因型的上脑重显著高于AB基因型(P0.05),其余各项指标基因型间差异不显著(P0.05)。因此,HMGCR基因单核苷酸多态性对利西杂牛脂肪沉积有一定的影响,可作为影响屠宰性状的候选基因,指导肉牛的育种工作。     

水分胁迫下转DREB3基因抗旱大豆的生理反应

采用田间试验方法,在苗期和初花期自然状态、水分胁迫以及充足灌水条件下,研究了转DREB3基因抗旱大豆叶片、茎、根中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性,丙二醛(MDA)、脯氨酸和蔗糖含量的变化。结果表明,在自然状态下,苗期水分胁迫第5天时,转DREB3基因抗旱大豆叶片SOD活性显著高于受体大豆东农50,初花期无明显变化;苗期和初花期转DREB3基因抗旱大豆叶片、茎和根中丙二醛、脯氨酸含量与受体大豆东农50相比无明显差异;苗期转DREB3基因抗旱大豆叶片和根中蔗糖含量显著低于受体大豆东农50,初花期差异不显著。在水分胁迫条件下,转DREB3基因抗旱大豆SOD活性显著高于受体大豆东农50,丙二醛含量显著低于受体大豆东农50,初花期水分胁迫第10天时叶片和茎中脯氨酸含量显著高于受体大豆东农50,蔗糖含量显著低于受体大豆东农50。充足灌水管理下,转DREB3基因抗旱大豆与受体大豆东农50相比,苗期和初花期叶片、茎和根中SOD活性、丙二醛和脯氨酸含量无明显差异;苗期转DREB3基因抗旱大豆叶片中蔗糖含量显著低于受体大豆东农50,但在初花期水分胁迫10天时转DREB3基因抗旱大豆叶片中蔗糖含量显著高于受体大豆东农50,苗期和初花期茎和根中蔗糖含量无显著差异。     

An improved method for extraction of sorghum polymeric protein complexes

A method for fractionating sorghum proteins using extraction solvents and techniques designed to obtain polymeric protein structures (especially disulfide linked) was developed. Extraction and separation conditions were optimized in terms of completeness of protein extraction, sample stability, and analytical resolution. After pre-extraction of albumins and globulins, a 3-step sequential procedure involving no reducing agents was applied to ground whole sorghum flour. The three fractions obtained represented proportionally different protein polymer contents and molecular weight distribution as evidenced by comparative size exclusion chromatography. Protein composition also varied among the extracts with differences in kafirin composition and non-kafirin proteins detected in the fractions by RP-HPLC and SDS-PAGE analysis. The ability to quantify and further characterize sorghum polymeric protein complexes will be useful for additional studies linking protein structures with functionality and digestibility and variations for these properties within diverse sorghum germplasm.