Visualization and application of disease diagnosis codes for population health management using porcine diseases as a model

Accurate and timely results of diagnostic investigations and laboratory testing guide clinical interventions for the continuous improvement of animal health and welfare. Infectious diseases can severely limit the health, welfare, and productivity of populations of animals. Livestock veterinarians submit thousands of samples daily to veterinary diagnostic laboratories (VDLs) for disease diagnosis, pathogen monitoring, and surveillance. Individual diagnostic laboratory reports are immediately useful; however, aggregated historical laboratory data are increasingly valued by clinicians and decision-makers to identify changes in the health status of various animal populations over time and geographical space. The value of this historical information is enhanced by visualization of trends of agent detection, disease diagnosis, or both, which helps focus time and resources on the most significant pathogens and fosters more effective communication between livestock producers, veterinarians, and VDL professionals. Advances in data visualization tools allow quick, efficient, and often real-time scanning and analysis of databases to inform, guide, and modify animal health intervention algorithms. Value is derived at the farm, production system, or regional level. Visualization tools allow client-specific analyses, benchmarking, formulation of research questions, and monitoring the effects of disease management and precision farming practices. We present here the approach taken to visualize trends of disease occurrence using porcine disease diagnostic code data for the period 2010 to 2019. Our semi-automatic standardized creation of a visualization platform allowed the transformation of diagnostic report data into aggregated information to visualize and monitor disease diagnosis.     

2016—2019年广西玉林市部分猪场主要病毒性疫病监测

为了解近年来广西玉林市规模猪场主要病毒性疫病的流行动态和免疫保护水平,分析疫情流行趋势和暴发风险,对2016—2019年采集自玉林市规模猪场284个场次的6954份血清样本,以及113个场次的1539份临床健康猪组织样本、249个场次自主送检的536份病死猪组织样本,进行猪瘟病毒(CSFV)、猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)、猪圆环病毒2型(PCV2)、猪伪狂犬病病毒(PRV)抗体和抗原检测,并对结果进行时间和区间分析。结果显示:2016—2019年,规模化猪场CSFV、PCV2、PRV-gB场群平均抗体阳性率以及个体平均抗体阳性率均在70%以上;PRRSV抗体阳性率总体偏低,但2019年抗体阳性率超过90%。北流市CSFV场群及个体抗体阳性率最低,与其他地区有差异(P<0.05);北流市、福绵区、玉州区的PRRSV场群抗体阳性率未超过70%,低于其他地区(P<0.05);各地区间PCV2抗体阳性率无统计学差异(P>0.05);福绵区PRV-gB抗体阳性率(<70%)与其他地区相比最低(P<0.05);在健康屠宰猪群及病死猪群组织样品中均检出上述4种病原,其中PRRSV、PCV2病原阳性检出率较高。结果表明,玉林市规模化猪场上述4种疫病的免疫抗体保护水平总体较高,但部分地区抗体水平偏低,且均存在猪群带毒现象,尤其是PRRSV、PCV2,存在疫病暴发风险。结果提示,各县(市、区)要根据本地养殖及疫病监测情况,制定科学合理的免疫计划,加强综合防控与监测,防止上述猪群疫病的发生与流行。本研究调查了广西玉林市猪群主要病毒性疫病的免疫保护水平及其病原流行特点,为该地区此类疫病防控提供了数据支持。     

The Bovine Tuberculosis Campaign in Mexico： Present and Perspectives

Mexico is considered by different international organizations as a country where the bovine tuberculosis is an endemic problem. However, there are important and consistent improvements in eradicating the disease by the implementation of government policies and with the livestock organization support. The current situation of the program shows good results regarding decreasing the prevalence, and as a consequence, the risk of this disease for public health and animal health, as well as the improvement in animal production and international and national trade. Today, the bovine tuberculosis distribution is almost known in Mexico. In addition, a series of controls and indicators have been established, which allow maintain consistency and reliability in the data that are managed and analyzed.     

Forest observational studies-an essential infrastructure for sustainable use of natural resources

This contribution complements Forest Ecosystems＇ Thematic Series on ＂Forest Observational Studies＂. We provide essential clarification regarding the definition and purpose of long-term field studies, review some of the extensive literature and discuss different approaches to collecting field data. We also describe two newly established forest observational networks that serve to illustrate the scope and diversity of forest field studies. The first is a large-scale network of forest observational studies in prominent natural forest ecosystems in China. The second example demonstrates observational studies in mixed and uneven-aged pine-oak forests which are selectively managed by local communities in Mexico. We summarize the potential for analysing and modeling forest ecosystems within interdisciplinary projects and provide argumentation in favour of long-term institutional commitment to maintaining forest observational field studies.     

湖北三峡大老岭自然保护区科研监测现状分析与发展建议

湖北三峡大老岭国家级自然保护区长期以来坚持开展科研监测基础工作,取得了较好效果。分析大老岭保护区的科研监测现状,总结存在的问题,并对后期开展科研监测活动提出建议及对策。     

宁夏红寺堡扬水泵站自动化系统的组成及故障排除探析

介绍了扬水泵站由计算机监控系统、微机保护系统、供电系统、通信系统、视频监视系统等共同组成,并对简单自动化系统常见的一些故障排除方法作了简单介绍.     

陕北地区鸡新城疫免疫监测及分析

以神木县为例,介绍了陕北地区鸡新城疫的防疫情况,揭示新城疫防疫的薄弱环节。本研究从神木县多家种鸡场、商品蛋鸡场及活禽交易市场采集血清样本346份,用血凝抑制试验测定新城疫抗体滴度,结果显示商品蛋鸡场免疫效果较差,合格率只有69.6%;同时发现种鸡场也存在免疫问题。在今后新城疫防控过程应与重视。     

广州亚运无疫区动物疫病监测与净化

科学、有效地开展动物疫病监测对动物疫病预防、控制、净化和消灭具有重要的作用,广州亚运无疫区在进行区域化管理的基础上开展动物疫病监测。根据监测结果,在风险分析基础上对监测阳性动物进行处理。广州亚运无疫区建设过程中采用的监测方案顺利通过了OIE、欧盟等的评估,对广州亚运无疫区的顺利建成起到了重要作用。     

Arcgis视域分析在鹿门寺景区林火视频监控中的应用

利用Arcgis地理信息系统平台,运用空间分析技术手段,以湖北襄阳鹿门寺景区地形图和卫星影像等数据为基础,选择不同观测点进行视域分析,设定了景区林火视频监控摄像头的位置,为森林防火管理辅助决策提供了依据。     

A review of zoonotic disease surveillance supported by the Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center

The Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center (AFHSC), Division of Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System conducts disease surveillance through a global network of US Department of Defense research laboratories and partnerships with foreign ministries of agriculture, health and livestock development in over 90 countries worldwide. In 2010, AFHSC supported zoonosis survey efforts were organized into four main categories: (i) development of field assays for animal disease surveillance during deployments and in resource limited environments, (ii) determining zoonotic disease prevalence in high-contact species which may serve as important reservoirs of diseases and sources of transmission, (iii) surveillance in high-risk human populations which are more likely to become exposed and subsequently infected with zoonotic pathogens and (iv) surveillance at the human-animal interface examining zoonotic disease prevalence and transmission within and between human and animal populations. These efforts have aided in the detection, identification and quantification of the burden of zoonotic diseases such as anthrax, brucellosis, Crimean Congo haemorrhagic fever, dengue fever, Hantaan virus, influenza, Lassa fever, leptospirosis, melioidosis, Q fever, Rift Valley fever, sandfly fever Sicilian virus, sandfly fever Naples virus, tuberculosis and West Nile virus, which are of military and public health importance. Future zoonotic surveillance efforts will seek to develop local capacity for zoonotic surveillance focusing on high risk populations at the human-animal interface.