邻烯丙基苯酚对植物病原真菌抑制机理初探

用含毒介质培养法测定了邻烯丙基苯酚(银果)对番茄灰霉病菌Botrytis cinerea、苹果腐烂病菌Valsa mali和小麦纹枯病菌Rhizoctonia cerealis的影响。通过培养观察发现,邻烯丙基苯酚可抑制番茄灰霉病菌分生孢子的产生、促进灰霉病菌菌核的形成及苹果腐烂病菌子囊壳的形成。光学显微观察表明:用50μg/mL的邻烯丙基苯酚处理番茄灰霉病菌菌丝后,菌丝伸长缓慢,分支间距缩短,分生孢子形成受到抑制。电镜观察表明:经邻烯丙基苯酚处理后,番茄灰霉病菌菌丝内液泡增多,苹果腐烂病菌菌丝细胞壁增厚,小麦纹枯病菌菌丝中内质网处泡囊增多。     

牛基因组DNA两种提取方法的比较研究

研究哺乳动物基因组DNA的水煮抽提法，并将传统的酚仿抽提法和水煮法进行比较，水煮法即通过对细胞的煮沸和冷却，使细胞破裂、蛋白变性，从而获得用于PCR扩增的模板DNA的方法。通过电泳分析和PCR扩增检测了所提取基因组DNA的完整性、可行性。检测时采用3对引物对2种方法提取的DNA进行了PCR扩增，同时对冷冻保存的基因组DNA也进行了扩增检测。结果表明：水煮法提取基因组DNA是一种快速、简便、经济、高效的方法。     

Effects of deficit irrigation strategies on cluster microclimate for improving fruit composition of Moscatel field-grown grapevines

The grapevine plays a very important role in the economic, social and cultural sectors of many regions; however vineyards are often grown in regions under stressful conditions and thus they are vulnerable to climate change. The objective of this research was to investigate the effect of partial root-zone drying (PRD) irrigation on vine water relations, vegetative growth, plant microclimate, berry composition and yield components, compared to conventional deficit irrigation (DI, 50% ETc), full irrigation (FI, 100% of ETc) and non-irrigated vines (NI). The study was undertaken in mature ‘Moscatel’ grapevines (Vitis vinifera L.) grown in Pegões, South of Portugal. Compared to the other irrigated treatments, PRD vines showed a better microclimate at the cluster zone with higher incident photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD). Within the more open canopies of NI and PRD treatments, berry temperatures were higher than those of denser ones (DI and FI). Compared to the conventional irrigation technique the better microclimate observed in PRD vines was a consequence of a reduction in vine growth, where lower values of leaf layer number, leaf area, canopy wideness, water shoots and shoot weight were observed. In PRD vines we observed a tendency to a development of a deeper root system, while DI and FI showed a more homogeneous root distribution throughout the different soil layers. PRD showed an improvement in berry quality with higher values of flavour precursors, and total phenols concentration without any significant yield reduction compared to DI and FI.     

红富士苹果套袋后果皮中花青苷积累与酚类物质代谢的关系

以红富士苹果为试材，分别在山东栖霞和泰安研究了套袋后果皮中酚类物质代谢与花青苷积累的关系。结果表明，套袋后果皮花青苷积累与酚类物质代谢密切相关。果皮中多酚氧化酶（PPO）含量较对照（不套袋果）降低，过氧化物酶（POD）和苯丙氨酸解氨酶（PAL）较对照升高，类黄酮、水溶性酚和花青苷含量较对照增加，果实着色迅速而良好。但在摘袋后气候不利和果袋为劣质单层纸袋条件下，果皮中酚类物质和花青苷含量均低于对照。     

胶化酚醛树脂再生的研究

对胶化报废的PF树脂,以盐酸做为催化剂,苯酚为降解剂,对其进行再生处理,以期重新获得应用价值。     

Degradation Impact Factors of Phenol Simulated Wastewater with Ultrasonic-hydrogen Peroxide

The use of ultrasonic,H2O2and the combination of two kinds of technology approach to ultrasound H2O2 phenol wastewater, treatment effect of three methods were compared the differences, and discussed the ultrasonic power, the solution pH value, ultrasonic time and ferrous ions (Fe2 + ) the amount of the treatment effect. The results show that hydrogen peroxide and ultrasonic treatment efficiency of wastewater treatment is superior to ultrasonic treatment group and H2O2 treatment. Through orthogonal experiments of phenol degradation rate of the size of the order has to pH>ultrasonic power>ultrasonic time>adding 0.1mmol·L-1FeSO4 amount of the basis of the experimental parameters, in order to obtain high degradation rate and cost, various factors. Optimization of process parameters for the ultrasonic time of 60 min, power is 200 W, pH is 3, adding FeSO4 amount of 1.0 mL. Under optimum conditions in this experiment, the degradation of phenol was 81.50%. Ultrasonic is relatively separate and separate hydrogen peroxide, the use of ultrasonic hydrogen peroxide degradation rate of phenol, save time, the advantages of speed degradation.     

BS-DTAB复配修饰红壤对苯酚的吸附

为了探究复配修饰后,可变电荷类型的红壤与恒电荷土壤对苯酚的吸附差异,以红壤作为供试土样,在两性表面活性剂BS-12(十二烷基二甲基甜菜碱)修饰的基础上,以阳离子型表面活性剂DTAB(十二烷基三甲基溴化铵)复配修饰制备两性-阳离子复配修饰红壤,采用批处理法研究在单一苯酚及Cd2+复合条件下供试土样对苯酚的吸附效果,并分析不同修饰比例、温度、离子强度和pH的影响。结果表明,DTAB复配修饰增强了BS-12两性修饰红壤对苯酚的吸附能力,单一苯酚表现出在总修饰比例小于150%CEC时吸附量随着修饰比例的增加而递增;各修饰土对苯酚的吸附具有增温负效应;苯酚吸附量随着pH的升高而降低;随着离子强度的增大,苯酚单一处理时供试土样对苯酚吸附量减少,但苯酚和Cd2+复合处理时,则呈现先降低后升高的趋势。Henry模型能较好地拟合各修饰红壤对苯酚吸附的等温吸附数据,吸附以分配机制为主;供试土样对苯酚的吸附属于自发的物理吸附过程。复配修饰红壤的苯酚吸附量低于恒电荷土壤,其黏土矿物成分决定的低CEC是主要影响因素。     

Metabolite profiling of sheath blight disease resistance in rice: in the case of positive ion mode analysis by CE/TOF-MS

Rice sheath blight is an important disease caused by Rhizoctonia solani. The resistant and susceptible rice lines (32R and 29S, respectively) showed different responses to R. solani infection in metabolite levels. The aim of this study was to characterize the metabolite levels in rice lines during R. solani infection using capillary electrophoresis equipped with time of flight mass spectrophotometry (CE/TOF-MS) in positive ion mode. Hundred metabolites were identified and classified into six clusters by hierarchical cluster using Mass Profiler Professional software. Changes in metabolite level at inoculated 32R and 29S were mapped on branches of tricarboxylic acid and glycolysis pathway. Volcano plot successfully filtered the metabolites based on fold change and p-value. The volcano plot result showed that 10 metabolites were up and down regulated in inoculated 32R relative to 29S. One metabolite, chlorogenic acid, showed a positive response in 32R. Meanwhile, pipecolic acid showed as the highest magnitude of fold change and p-value significance level in 29S. In addition, eight amino acids; glutamate, γ-aminobutyric acid, glycine, histidine, phenylalanine, serine, tryptophan, and tyrosine showed increase in 29S after R. solani inoculation.     

气温骤降下杨树中总酚与木质素动态变化

以银中杨、迎春5号杨为材料,测定在秋季气温骤降期杨树叶片、枝皮中总酚及木质素含量的动态变化,并将其与同时期气温的变化进行相关性分析。结果表明:当秋季气温下降时,杨树叶片及迎春5号杨枝皮中总酚类物质含量上升,与气温呈显著或极显著负相关;叶片中木质素则随着气温的下降而下降,与最低气温间呈显著或极显著正相关;气温骤降下,杨树中总酚类物质含量上升可能与其抗寒性密切相关。