紫外诱杀灯和瓦楞纸诱捕与取样筛检法检测储粮害虫比较研究

在散装储藏稻谷的平房仓中比较研究了紫外诱杀灯、瓦楞纸板和取样筛检检测储粮害虫的效果。在夏季近4个月的研究观察中，发现紫外诱杀灯可较取样筛检早近2个月大量检测到锈赤扁谷盗，早约2个月检测到较多的谷蠹，紫外诱杀灯没有诱集到赤拟谷盗。瓦楞纸板诱捕锈赤扁谷盗和赤拟谷盗较取样筛检法所得时间早、数量多，但在检测到谷蠹的时间上要比取样筛检晚4周的时间。随着环境温度的升高，紫外诱杀灯和瓦楞纸板诱集到锈赤扁谷盗和赤拟谷盗的数量都有增加和波动，瓦楞纸板诱集到谷蠹的数量变化很小。     

草地蝗虫在吸捕机吸捕条件下的特性

草地蝗虫活动的强弱受日照、空气温湿度、地表温度等环境因素的制约.在蝗虫活动较盛时,利用自行研制的草地蝗虫吸捕机吸捕蝗虫能收到一定的吸捕效果.研究了吸捕机的声、像以及气流干扰下对蝗虫跳跃高度、跳跃速度和跳跃方向等特性的影响.     

生长季苹果园冠层空气中斑点落叶病分生孢子飞散动态

通过对生长季苹果园冠层空气中苹果斑点落叶病菌分生孢子逐日和逐小时的捕捉，同时记载空气温度，相对湿度和降雨等气象数据，分析发现，6至7月份为整个生长季中孢子飞散的高峰期，影响孢子飞散的主要气象要素为降雨和风，一天中孢子飞散的动态是昼多夜少，9：00-22：00孢子飞散量占全天的87.2%，孢子飞散的最高峰为15：00-16：00，各小时孢子飞散与相对湿度呈显著负相关，而与温度呈显著正相关。     

石河子垦区果树食心虫迷向技术

【目的】研究迷向丝对果园食心虫的迷向效果。【方法】2018年在石河子垦区以桃单植园和苹果单植园为研究对象,利用梨小食心虫和苹果蠹蛾的混合迷向丝进行防治,并使用3种食心虫的性诱剂,诱捕调查石河子垦区果树食心虫的发生种类及其种群消长动态。【结果】桃园中果树食心虫的优势种群为梨小食心虫;苹果园优势种群为梨小食心虫和苹果蠹蛾,石河子垦区桃园和苹果园未悬挂迷向丝的对照区域虫口诱集数量均高于悬挂迷向丝的试验区域。【结论】石河子垦区桃园和苹果园利用悬挂迷向丝作为防治手段效果显著。     

烟粉虱对LED-塑料杯的趋性规律研究

烟粉虱是世界性重要害虫之一,严重影响温室蔬菜和花卉以及大田作物的产量。利用自制的LED-塑料杯诱杀器研究烟粉虱的趋光规律。研究结果表明,烟粉虱对三种灯的趋性差异极显著,烟粉虱对甲、乙两种灯趋性较大;三种距离之间差异极显著,15 cm和60 cm对粉虱有很好的诱集效果;黏杀剂之间差异极显著,且黏杀剂1比2的效果好。LED-塑料杯对烟粉虱的诱捕作用最大可达44.4%。     

樱桃果蝇田间诱捕方法比较*

 通过田间试验，比较了糖醋液和香蕉气味对樱桃果蝇（Drosophila suzukii）的引诱效果。结果显示，5种（A，B，C，D，E）不同组份配比的糖醋液均以诱集雌虫为主，其中糖醋液B的效果最好。改变糖醋液中白酒与食用醋的比例对糖醋液诱集樱桃果蝇成虫的效果没有显著影响。香蕉气味对樱桃果蝇成虫表现出显著的引诱效果，所诱到的成虫性比超过6∶1。在诱捕器上加挂红色气球后可加强糖醋液对成虫的诱集效果，但不能显著改变所诱得的成虫雌雄比。     

不同颜色诱捕器对梨小食心虫诱杀效果研究初报

利用5种不同颜色的悬挂式黏胶型诱捕器和梨小食心虫长效性诱剂诱芯在千亩桃园进行大面积防治梨小食心虫试验。结果表明:5种不同颜色的诱捕器对梨小食心虫的诱集效果之间差异不明显。蓝色诱捕器对防除梨小食心虫的其它昆虫的诱集量最大,明显多于另外4种颜色的诱捕器,但是另外4种颜色诱捕器诱集其它昆虫的数量之间差异不明显。     

Trapping whiteflies? A comparison of greenhouse whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum) responses to trap crops and yellow sticky traps

BACKGROUND: Greenhouse whiteflies, Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood), are notorious pests that, through the reduction of crop yields and excretion of honeydew, cause significant economic losses for sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) growers. Chemical and biological controls are the two most common forms of whitefly management in greenhouses. Consequently, insecticide resistance and inadequate control have rejuvenated interest in alternative tactics. In the present study, whitefly responses to trap crops (eggplant and squash) and yellow sticky traps were compared in order to identify the most effective traps for dispersing and resident adults. RESULTS: Results indicated that yellow sticky traps were most effective at trapping adult whiteflies. Significantly more dispersing whiteflies were recorded on eggplant than on squash trap crops. None of the traps significantly reduced adult populations on the main crops (peppers) compared with the control. However, yellow sticky traps did significantly reduce oviposition on peppers. CONCLUSIONS: Adult whiteflies were most effectively trapped on yellow sticky traps followed by eggplant trap crops. Further study of whitefly trapping using visual cues may enhance trapping management. Specifically, research combining yellow sticky traps with other control strategies is recommended. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry     

低空捕虫网在稻飞虱监测预警中的应用

于2010 ～2013年研究低空捕虫网在稻飞虱监测预警中的应用效果.结果表明,低空捕虫网对灰飞虱、白背飞虱、褐飞虱3种稻田飞虱都有捕获效果,对迁入飞虱种群的捕集效果较差,对本地羽化的飞虱捕集效果较好,特别是对灰飞虱,低空网捕集量大,峰次多,虫峰较诱虫灯明显,且不受风雨、电源等因素影响,虫情信息可靠,虫种比较单纯,容易分种计数,网捕灰飞虱成虫峰与田间虫峰有明显相关,验证了灰飞虱从小麦田向秧田扩散的对应关系.低空网对灰飞虱预测有较好的应用价值,但对白背飞虱和褐飞虱的迁入预警作用不明显.     

Screening of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) for resistance against temperate root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.)

BACKGROUND: An important part of the production area of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in Belgium is located on the sandy soils of the provinces of Antwerp and Limburg where Meloidogyne chitwoodi (Golden), M. fallax (Karssen) and M. hapla (Chitwood) are present. The host plant status of ten bean cultivars for root‐knot nematodes was determined by evaluating penetration, development and egg mass formation after inoculation with second‐stage juveniles. RESULTS: The tested cultivars were poor to good hosts for M. chitwoodi, non‐hosts or bad hosts for M. fallax and excellent hosts for M. hapla. Significantly fewer M. fallax were found in the roots, and their development was delayed. Penetration of M. hapla took place over a longer period than that of M. chitwoodi and M. fallax. The number of mature females of M. chitwoodi in cv. Polder 6 weeks after inoculation was no different from that in other cultivars, although fewer egg masses were found on this cultivar in the screening test. There was no influence of M. chitwoodi on vegetative growth of cv. Polder. CONCLUSION: The differences found in host plant status of bean cultivars stress the importance of a correct diagnosis of the Meloidogyne species in agricultural fields. Cultivar Polder showed potential as a trap crop for M. chitwoodi. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry