林业常用16种杀虫剂对赤眼蜂的急性毒性和安全性评价

采用管测药膜法测定了16种杀虫剂对松毛虫赤眼蜂的急性毒性,并进行安全性评价。急性毒性测定的结果表明:苏云金杆菌、球孢白僵菌、灭幼脲、杀铃脲、甲氧虫酰肼、苦皮藤素对松毛虫赤眼蜂毒性较低,其LR50均高于9.16×10-3mg·cm-2,为低风险性药剂。甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐、啶虫脒、噻虫啉、辛硫磷、高效氯氟氰菊酯、吡虫啉、氟虫腈和阿维菌素对松毛虫赤眼蜂毒性较高,其LR50分别是2.28×10-4、9.81×10-5、5.23×10-5、2.43×10-5、1.39×10-5、4.33×10-6、2.10×10-6和1.92×10-6mg·cm-2,安全性评价均为高风险性和极高风险性。敌敌畏对松毛虫赤眼蜂的毒性最高,其LR50是1.11×10-6mg·cm-2;其次为虫螨腈,LR50是1.31×10-6mg·cm-2,对松毛虫赤眼蜂伤害均较严重。     

利用计算机图像处理测定茶鲜叶色泽及其萎凋程度变化的初步研究

建立了一种针对茶鲜叶色泽的计算机量化测定方法,并对利用计算机图像处理技术在线监测茶鲜叶萎凋程度变化的可行性进行了初步探索.研究发现R、G色泽参数能够较好地反映茶鲜叶萎凋程度的变化,其中色泽参数G与萎凋叶含水量变化的相关系数最高为0.9717,R色泽参数为0.9516,但色泽参数R在鲜叶萎凋过程中的变化程度明显高于色泽参数G,综合考虑宜选用色泽参数R作为监测茶鲜叶萎凋程度变化的量化指标.     

热应激诱导大鼠小肠昼夜节律基因差异表达的研究Heat stress induced different circadian rhythms genes expression in rat small intestine

采用石蜡切片H.E染色观察热应激大鼠小肠形态学变化，利用Realtime-PCR技术对小肠中昼夜节律相关基因的表达进行研究。结果：大鼠小肠上皮出现严重损伤，肠黏膜绒毛顶端上皮细胞脱落，固有层裸露；热应激导致Per2和DBP基因瞬时表达极大升高，节律性受到严重影响，Bmal1基因瞬时表达差异不明显，其mRNA表达量峰值后移。To observe the morphological changes in response to heat stress, rat small intestine was embedded in paraffin, sectioned in transverse and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The expressions of genes related to circadian rhythms were detected by Realtime-PCR. Results: heat stress resulted in profound damage to the epithelium of rat small intestine, the villus tips shed into lumen and the lamina propria was exposed; the gene expressions of Per2 and DBP were significantly increased so after the heat stress and the rhythms was affected; heat stress could not induce Bmal1 different expression immediatley, whereas, the peak of mRNA was hysteretic.     

Study of Differentiation and Characteristics of Sieve Elements and P-protein Body in Ginkgo biloba

INTRODUCTION After his study in the change of liver cell in human body, Kerr (1972) discovered Programmed Cell Death (PCD), a cell death model totally different from cell necrotic death, in which the cell necrosis usually appears typically as break of the protoplasm membrane and inflammatory leak of cell inclusions, which is a kind of abnormal process. PCD is a kind of active, physiologic death process. This kind of cell death process can helpthe body to eliminate decrepit, excrescent …     

Improvement of Appearance Traits of elite Rice Zhenshan 97B by Molecular Introgression of Targeted about 800 kb Interval from Indica Rice Jiafuzhan Genome

Rice appearance trait is mainly mean grain length (GL), grain width (GW), ratio of length and width (L/W), chalkiness (CH) and transparence (TR). Appearance is the first impression, and rice appearance traits effect significantly the value of commodity. Hybrid rice is relatively low quality, especially on rice appearance quality,which restricts partially its extend and badly export of hybrid seed and rice in China.Shanyou 63, the most famous hybrid rice combination of China, could not be also sustainable application because of its poor qualities. In this studies, We attempt to improve appearance quality of the elite rice maintainer of Zhenshan 97B by using molecular approach of genomic interval targeted introgression. Three F2 populations were constructed to study the classical and molecular genetic of rice appearance traits, at the same time, molecular marker-asisted toimprove the main maintainer line, Zhenshan 97B were performed. There some following results:Three F2 populations were constructed based on crosses of Guangluai 4×Jiafuzhan (GJ popu.), Minghui 86×Jiafuzhan (MJ popu.) and Zhenshan 97B×Jiafuzhan (ZJ popu.). ZJ popu and GJ popu were produced to reconstruct the linkage maps related with rice appearance traits based on BSA, and detect QTL of target traits based on IM.In ZJ popu, 9 QTLs of target traits were detected. The interval, RM169～RM516 on Chromosome 5, was genetic locus of GW, L/W, CH and BW, and the explained variances were 10.9%, 14.9%, 12.0% and 14.2%, respectively.RM214 on chromosome 7, RM339 on chromosome 8 were genetic loci if CH and BW, and the explained variances were 9.4%, 10.0%, 11.0% and 12.1%. besides there is a genetic locus, RM347, of G/W on chromosome 3, and the explained varance was 10.3%. In GJ popu, 5 QTLs of rice appearance traits were detected. The interval, RM169-RM516 on Chromosome 5, were also the genetic loci of GW, CH and BW, and the explained variances were 9.0%, 12.5%, and 13.6%, respectively. RM264～RM80 on chromosome 8 was the genetic loci of GW amd L/W,and the explained variances were 14.7% and 13.4%. The genotypes of all QTLs, except RM214, from Jiafuzhan contributed to improving riee appearance traits.The research was to improve the rice appearance quality of Zhenshan 97B by introgressing QTLs of rice appearance traits from Jiafuzhan, a donor parent, by means of MAS in the process of recurrent backcrossing, 4 SSR markers were used to detect the target genotypes from donor parent, and 70 SSR primers to identify the genetic background of recurrent parent. Consequently, there were 19 target individuals in BC3, in which the mean value of GL, GW, L/W, CH and BW were 6.06±0.04mm, 2.50±0.02mm, 2.43±0.02, 29.5±2.7 and 29.4±2.7%, respectively,and the mean homologous degree (HD) to recurrent parent is up to 98.22%. Compared to Zhenshan 97B, GL, CH and BW decreased 0.17 mm, 34.9% and 34.5% respectively and however L/W increased 0.19. which accounted separately for 25.37%, 54.79%, 54.57% and 10.50% of thedifference of every trait between two parents. It is very luckly to find a individual, 13BC2-3BC3 line, whose GL, GW, G/W, CH and BW were 6.04 mm, 2.43 mm, 2.49,2.5% and 2.5% separately, There is very important signification for it to be used in hybrid rice breeding improving appearance traits. In the research, MAS efficiency of 3 loci (with 4 markers ) was 5.68% and coincident degree was 73.08%.     

生长调节剂在茉莉植物上的应用研究进展

总结了生长调节剂对茉莉植物扦插生根、提高花产量以及提高生物产量及有效物质含量的研究概况。从茉莉植物的利用角度，提出了今后应从提高有效物质的含量、安全、优质等方面进行研究。     

在茶学研究中正确应用统计分析方法的思考：——对《茶树良种苗期生物…

用逐步回归、通径分析及主成分方法对《茶树良种苗期生物产量与光合特性的相关研究》一文（表１）数据进行了分析。结果表明，影响茶树生物产量直接的主要因素是气孔导度（Ｘ６）和单株叶干重（Ｘ６），茶树单株苗干重（Ｙ）的预测回归方程是Ｙ＝－０．２３６９＋２６．５８４９Ｘ３＋１．９６４７Ｘ６，并且指出对于多元相关变量采用简单相关分析剔除变量显然是错误的。     

四川黑茶渥堆过程中主要品质成分及酶类活性变化

【目的】探讨渥堆过程中四川黑茶品质成分及主要酶类活性的变化规律.【方法】采用国家标准测定方法和常用测定方法对四川黑茶渥堆过程中品质成分含量和酶类活性进行全程监测.【结果和结论】除咖啡碱含量变化不明显外,茶多酚、儿茶素、茶黄素、茶红素、茶褐素、纤维素、原果胶、蛋白质、氨基酸、水溶性果胶、可溶性糖含量均在渥堆工艺中下降,其含量降幅分别为69.2%、43.7%、79.3%、81.7%、52.4%、9.6%、60.0%、62.3%、66.2%、32.2%和37.2%.多酚氧化酶、过氧化物酶活性分别在渥堆的第19和12天达到峰值,纤维素酶、果胶酶活性在渥堆的第17天达到峰值,相较于刚扎堆时,其酶活性分别提高了246%、371%、371%和223%.四川黑茶渥堆过程中主要品质成分及酶类活性复杂的变化,促成了其相关品质特征的形成.     

茉莉栽培繁殖的研究进展

总结了茉莉植物栽培繁殖、修剪施肥等方面的研究概况，从茉莉植物的利用角度，提出了今后应从提高有效物质的含量、安全、优质等方面进行研究。