影响聚磷菌和聚糖菌竞争的若干因素分析

强化生物除磷系统因其除磷效率高而得到越来越多的应用,但在此系统内聚磷菌(PAOs)和聚糖菌(GAOs)之间的竞争又常常导致其除磷效果恶化。基于国内外学者对强化生物除磷系统中微生物竞争的研究成果,总结了进水碳磷比、温度、碳源和p H对PAOs和GAOs竞争的影响。结果表明:低碳磷比条件下PAOs处于优势地位,系统除磷稳定性更高,温度低于20℃时PAOs处于竞争优势,系统除磷效果更好,p H为7. 0～8. 0有利于PAOs,丙酸作为碳源时能使PAOs在与GAOs的竞争中占优势而获得较高的除磷率。     

鸡枞菌多糖对鲫的生长性能、抗氧化及免疫功能的影响

为了探讨鸡枞菌多糖(TAP)对鲫(Carassius auratus)的生物学活性,以饲料里添加1%的黄芪多糖(APS)为对照,连续14 d在鲫饲料里分别添加0.1%、0.5%和1%的TAP,观察其在第7和14天对鲫肥满度、肝体比、头肾体比、肝胰脏中MDA、CAT、SOD以及LZM的影响。结果显示:实验第7天,TAP高剂量组的肥满度极显著高于其余各组,其余各组在实验期间的肥满度与肝体比均无显著差异。与空白组比,实验第7天,APS组与TAP中剂量组的肝胰脏MDA含量分别极显著和显著降低;在给药期间两种多糖均使CAT和SOD水平有不同程度的升高。与空白组比,给药期间,TAP和APS均能不同程度提高鲫头肾体比,且二者差异不显著;TAP高剂量组的LZM水平显著提高,且显著高于APS组。结果表明,TAP对鲫连续给药14 d的促生长作用不显著,但可通过上调CAT、SOD来降低MDA,且对非特异性免疫功能有显著提高。     

6种杀菌剂对辣椒枯萎病病原菌的室内毒力测定

为筛选出低毒高效新型杀菌剂,试验采用生长速率法测定了6种杀菌剂的抑菌作用,结果表明:抑菌效果顺序为10%氟硅唑EW50%多菌灵WP70%甲基硫菌灵WP75%百菌清WP50%腐霉利WP50%敌克松WP,对应的EC50分别为0.05mg/L、0.16mg/L、1.36mg/L、3.88mg/L、78.56mg/L、750.26mg/L。因此,在这6种杀菌剂中10%氟硅唑EW可作为进一步进行田间试验的最佳药剂。     

三种PGPR菌株对黄瓜生长及根际土壤环境的影响

为探讨植物根际促生菌(PGPR)多粘类芽孢杆菌(Paenibacillus polymyxa)G15-7、NSY50和绿针假单胞菌(Pseudomonas chlomraphis)HG28-5在设施栽培黄瓜上的应用效果,以‘博杰605’黄瓜为试验材料,采用菌液灌根方法,研究其对黄瓜植株生长、果实品质和根际土壤环境的影响,以期改善黄瓜土壤环境促进其生长。结果表明:3种菌株能够促进黄瓜植株生长、提高叶绿素含量和根系活力、改善果实营养品质;同时提高根际土壤蔗糖酶、脲酶、磷酸酶和过氧化酶的活性,增加根际土壤细菌、放线菌的数量以及根际土壤中速效氮、磷、钾的含量,有利于改善黄瓜根际土壤环境。3种菌株中,G15-7处理效果最佳,具有一定的开发利用潜力。     

耐盐促生菌株B7的筛选及其在黄瓜上的应用

本文综述了一种提高作物耐盐能力促生菌的筛选及其应用。通过对沿海滩涂盐碱地土壤中的微生物进行分离纯化,并采用耐盐和解盐试验对分离纯化出的根际微生物进行耐盐促生筛选,得到高耐盐活性促生菌B7。对B7的16S rDNA、生理生化性质及促生能力进行测定,最后采用培养皿法和盆栽法对B7提高黄瓜耐盐能力进行测试。结果表明,该菌株耐盐度为6%,利用B7制备的微生物菌剂能在盐胁迫下显著提高黄瓜的耐盐能力,减缓盐害现象,增加生物量,达到促进黄瓜生长的效果。     

粤北地区食用菌产业及其循环经济发展概述

从食用菌种类及其分布、产值、食用菌企业、食用菌产业循环经济发展情况等方面介绍了粤北地区食用菌产业发展现状,总结食用菌产业发展中存在的问题,如菌种问题突出,品牌意识缺乏;食用菌产业标准化落后;产品质量参差不齐,食品质量安全无保障;资源浪费严重;精深加工不足等,并提出相应的对策。     

Construction and Partial Biological Characteristics Analysis of Listeriolysin S llsB Gene Deletion Strain

In order to analyze the effect of listeriolysin S (LLS) llsB gene deletion on the biological characteristics of Listeria monocytogenes (LM),this study used homologous recombination to construct the llsB gene deletion strain LM90-ΔllsB,and the biological characteristics of growth characteristics,median lethal dose (LD₅₀) and organ-borne bacteria were studied in healthy Kunming male mice at 8 weeks old and weighing 40 g±5 g.The llsB gene deletion strain was successfully constructed,and the deletion strain had good genetic stability through continuous passage to 20 generations in vitro.Based on its growth curve examination,we found that the growth rate of the mutant strain was slightly higher than that of the parent strain.The results of mice infection test showed that the LD₅₀ of the parent strain and the deletion strain were 10^6.17 and 10^6.50 CFU,respectively.Compared with the parent strain,the amount of bacteria load of the deletion strain in the liver and spleen of the mice was extremely significantly decreased (P<0.01),the results showed that the infection ability of the mutant strain on mice was obviously weakened.No Listeria monocytogenes was detected in the brain.The results suggested that llsB gene might have direct or indirect regulatory effect on some biological characteristics of LM90,and it would provide a theoretical basis for further understanding of the pathogenic mechanism of LLS,prevention and control of listeriosis.     

植物内生菌研究进展

总结了植物内生菌的来源,简述了植物内生菌的种类以及植物内生菌的分布规律,归纳了植物内生菌与植物之间的相互作用,并对未来的研究趋势进行了展望。