Efficacy of Hyperimmunized Plasma in the Treatment of Horses with Acute Colitis

Colitis in the adult horse is a life-threatening clinical condition that can be caused by any of several enteric pathogens. This study was conducted to determine whether treating horses with plasma obtained from donors that were hyperimmunized against the common equine diarrheal pathogens Clostridium difficile, Clostridium perfringens, and Salmonella sp shortens the duration of diarrhea in acute colitis. To evaluate the efficacy of plasma treatment, 42 horses with acute onset of diarrhea were studied. Horses were enrolled if they were of age >1 year, duration of diarrhea at presentation was <72 hours, and they had not received equine plasma within the last 3 months. In addition, the serum cortisol concentrations of horses with acute diarrhea were studied.Horses were randomized to receive hyperimmunized plasma, control plasma (collected from nonimmunized horses), or no plasma therapy. Clinical parameters and fecal consistency were observed until resolution, discharge, or death, and complete blood counts (CBCs) and biochemical profiles were collected throughout the study. A total of 38 horses completed the study. The mean duration of diarrhea was 40.7 ± 9.8 (mean ± SEM) hours, 119.2 ± 56.1 hours, and 72.0 ± 24.5 hours for the hyperimmunized plasma, normal plasma (NP), and control groups, respectively. Using survival analysis techniques, this difference did not achieve statistical significance (P = .374). Serum cortisol was found to be increased in all horses at presentation and to decrease with time in all treatment groups. There was no difference in cortisol concentrations between the three treatment groups studied (P = .237).     

大气压等离子体处理对结球白菜种子萌发特性及后期生长的影响

用大气压等离子体对2个品种的结球白菜种子进行处理,研究不同电压等离子体处理对白菜种子萌发及后期生长的影响.结果表明:等离子体处理后在萌发前期对种子有一定影响,但对种子的发芽势、发芽率等基本没有影响;处理种子在室温放置10个月后仍然在萌发前期表现与对照种子有差异;用育苗盘和田间小区种植2种方法均没有发现处理和对照种子之间在苗期生长特性方面存在差异.     

Effects of atorvastatin on expression of PAPP-A induced by TNF-α and IL-1β in rat aortic endothelial cells

AIM: To investigate the effects of atorvastatin on the expression of pregnancy-associated plasma protein A(PAPP-A)induced by TNF-α and IL-1β in endothelial cells. METHODS: The rat aortic endothelial cells were isolated from thoracic aortas and cultured by the tissue explant method. The cells in passage 3-4 were used in the experiment and were randomly divided into 4 groups: blank control group: the cells were treated without any intervention; atorvastatin concentration groups: the cells were incubated with atorvastatin at the concentrations of 0.1, 1 and 10 μmol/L for 24 h; atorvastatin time groups: the cells were incubated with atorvastatin at the concentration of 10 μmol/L for 6 h,12 h and 24 h; atorvastatin+inflammatory factors groups: the cells were pre-incubated with 60 μg/L TNF-α or 20 μg/L IL-1β for 1 h, then different concentrations of atorvastatin (0.1, 1.0, 10 μmol/L) were added for 6 h,12 h and 24 h. MTT reduction assay was used to observe the cell proliferation. The mRNA expression of PAPP-A was detected by RT-PCR. The protein level of PAPP-A in the supernatants of cultured cells was measured by ELISA. RESULTS: Compared with blank control group, no significant change of cell proliferation was observed after the intervention of atorvastatin and TNF-α/IL-1β for 3 h, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h, indicating that the drugs had no toxic effects on the cells. No significant difference of PAPP-A expression between atorvastatin groups and blank control groups was found. Compared with TNF-α groups and IL-1β groups, PAPP-A expressions in atorvastatin intervention groups significantly decreased. The protein level of PAPP-A was gradually decreased with the raised concentration of atorvastatin and the prolonged time in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. CONCLUSION: Atorvastatin doesn't influence the PAPP-A expression, but inhibits the expression of PAPP-A activated by inflammatory factors in a concentration- and time-dependent manner in primary cultured rat aortic endothelial cells.     

微波等离子处理对脲醛胶性能的影响

脲醛树脂胶粘剂是木材加工领域应用最广泛的胶粘剂,在保障其胶合性能的前提下降低脲醛胶的甲醛释放量是社会关注的焦点和难点。通过试验,研究不同的微波等离子处理方法对脲醛树脂胶粘剂的固化时间、适用期、胶合强度、游离甲醛含量的影响。试验结果表明:等离子处理对脲醛树脂胶粘剂的固化时间和适用期的影响不明显;合适的等离子处理条件可以改善脲醛胶的胶合性能;与未经等离子处理脲醛胶相比,等离子处理后脲醛胶的游离甲醛含量显著降低。     

Intestinal absorption of forsythoside A in different compositions of Shuang-Huang-Lian

Shuang-Huang-Lian (SHL), a traditional Chinese formula containing Lonicerae japonicae flos (LJF), Scutellariae radix (SR) and Forsythiae fructus (FF), is commonly used to treat acute upper respiratory tract infection, acute bronchitis and light pneumonia. Forsythoside A is one of the main active ingredients in Forsythiae fructus, a key herb in SHL. In the present study, effects of different compositions in SHL on the intestinal absorption of forsythoside A were investigated. The observations from in situ intestinal circulation model showed that A/%(h^− 1) of forsythoside A in FF + LSF, FF + SR and SHL were all reduced greatly compared with that in FF. However, in pharmacokinetics study, C_max and AUC_0 → 1440 of forsythoside A all increased and T_1/2 prolonged in SHL, FF + LJF and FF + SR compared with FF. The results indicated that the different compositions of SHL decreased absorption but increased bioavailability of forsythoside A, which may be related to its metabolism inhibited in intestine or liver.     

Permeability determination and pharmacokinetic study of nobiletin in rat plasma and brain by validated high-performance liquid chromatography method

In the present study, we are reporting permeability and pharmacokinetics of nobiletin in rat plasma and brain, using a validated reverse phase high performance liquid chromatographic method. Protein precipitation method was used for the extraction of nobiletin and coumarin (IS) from rat plasma and brain tissue. The system was run in isocratic mode with mobile phase consisting of potassium dihydrogen ortho-phosphate (pH 4.5; 0.04 mM) and acetonitrile in ratio of 50:50, v/v. The total chromatographic run time was 9.0 min. The method was proved to be accurate and precise at linearity range of 0.05–10 μg/mL with a correlation coefficient (r) of ≥ 0.994 in rat plasma and ≥ 0.995 in rat brain. The intra- and inter-day precision and accuracy values are found to be within the assay variability limits as per the FDA guidelines. Nobiletin was found stable in the battery of stability studies viz., bench-top, auto-sampler, freeze/thaw cycles and long term storage in a freezer at − 70 ± 10 °C. Maximum concentrations of nobiletin in both plasma and brain were observed at 1 h after single oral dosing (50 mg/kg). The maximum concentration in plasma and brain were 1.78 and 4.20 μg/mL, respectively. The AUC_0–t in plasma and brain were 7.49 and 20.66 μg·h/mL, respectively. The mean elimination half life (t_1/2) in plasma and brain were 1.80 and 11.42 h, respectively. The Parallel Artificial Membrane Permeability Assay (PAMPA) permeability of nobiletin was found to be high at both pH 4.0 and 7.0.     

Changes of plasma membrane H<Superscript>+</Superscript>-ATPase activities of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Glycine max</Emphasis> seeds by PEG treatment

The soybean （Glycine max） Heihe No. 23 is sensitive to imbibitional chilling injury. Polyethylene glycol （PEG） treatment can improve chilling tolerance of soybean seeds to a certain extent. The changes of hydrolytic ATPase in plasma membranes and H^＋-pumping responses in soybean seeds were investigated during PEG treatments. Effects of exogenous calcium and exogenous ABA on the hydrolytic ATPase were also examined in order to understand the mechanism of chilling resistance. Highly purified plasma membranes were isolated by 6.0% aqueous two-phase partitioning from soybean seeds, as judged by the sensitivity of hydrolytic ATPase to sodium vanadate. PEG treatment resulted in a slight increase of the hydrolytic ATPase activity in 12 h. Then the activity decreased gradually, but still higher than the control. The H^＋-pumping activity increased steadily during PEG treatment. Exogenous calcium had both activating and inhibiting effects on the hydrolytic ATPase, but the activity was inhibited in soybean seeds treated with exogenous ABA. Results suggested that PEG treatment, not the exogenous calcium and ABA, up-regulated H^＋-ATPase activities in soybean seeds.     

关于等离子体种子处理技术的田间试验研究

本文阐述了等离子体种子处理技术机理,设计了田间试验示范操作规程,分析了试验工作特点,评述了实际成效,阐明了技术推广前景。     

基于高压电技术的烟气脱硫研究与应用进展

分析与评述了国内外基于高压静电技术的烟气脱硫研究与应用进展,介绍了几种以高压电技术为基础的烟气脱硫新技术--电子束烟气脱硫、脉冲电晕等离子法脱硫、荷电干法烟气脱硫和荷电喷雾烟气脱硫技术;并且分析了这几种烟气处理技术的作用原理、特点和发展现状,展望了其应用前景.     

机动车排放净化技术研究

机动车排放污染严重，本文简要介绍了净化机动车排放的方法．探讨了低温等离子体净化尾气的反应机理，阐述了两种低温等离子体发生器。