葡萄血红蛋白的序列特征、结构建模及分子进化

对葡萄血红蛋白基因的结构、进化关系、序列特征及蛋白结构进行剖析。基因结构和蛋白序列特征分析表明:尽管葡萄3个血红蛋白基因外显子个数和保守基序组织结构变异较大,但功能结构域具有高度保守性。结构模拟显示,葡萄VvHb1以单体形式存在,而VvHb2和VvHb3则以二聚体形式存在,尽管它们三维构象以螺旋结构为主,但结合血红素分子活性不同。进化分析揭示,植物血红蛋白具有4个类群,其中葡萄的血红蛋白落入主要类群外,并且单独形成了一个进化分支,说明葡萄血红蛋白基因在物种形成后发生了快速进化和基因扩增现象。     

Factors affecting mean blood glucose level of newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients

AIM: To detect hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and parameters of blood glucose fluctuation in Chinese newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients, and further to specify the factors that were related to mean blood glucose (MBG) in this population. METHODS: Newly diagnosed T2DM patients (n=90) from 4 hospitals in Guangdong province were enrolled, and subjected to 3 d continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) after testing for HbA1c and other laboratory tests. Blood glucose data collected during CGM were used to calculate MBG and parameters of blood glucose fluctuation. RESULTS: Correlation analysis revealed that MBG was significantly related to all parameters of blood glucose fluctuation, HbA1c, fast plasma glucose (FPG) and 2 h postprandial glucose (P <0.01), but not to sex, age or blood lipid profile. Further analysis utilizing step-wise general linear model showed that HbA1c, absolute means of daily difference (MODD), difference between maximal and minimal glucose (DMMG) and FPG had the strongest relation to MBG. CONCLUSION: Factors affecting MBG of the newly diagnosed T2DMpatients in our country include HbA1c, FPG, DMMG and MODD, and thus it may be prone to misleading results that only HbA1c is applied to estimate MBG in this population.     

福安水牛血液蛋白多态性研究

采用醋酸纤维薄膜、聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电脉及淀粉凝胶电脉对９１头福安水牛的血红蛋白、血清运铁蛋白和白蛋白多态性进行检测，并计算其基因型和基因频率，并发现５头血红蛋白３条带的变异体和１头ＢＸ型白蛋白稀有变异体。     

麦洼牦牛血红蛋白α链基因的克隆测序

从麦洼牦牛脊髓中提取总RNA，利用RT-PCR扩增血红蛋白α链基因，获得了532bp的cDNA，连接到PMD-l8载体上，然后转化TOP-10感受态细胞进行克隆测序。结果显示，牦牛血红蛋白α链基因与普通牛相比存在2个碱基差异，并导致血红蛋白α链71位的1个氨基酸改变。此外，还用电泳方法研究了血红蛋白在新生犊牦牛中的表达。     

Impact of tofu or tofu + orange juice on hematological indices of lacto-ovo vegetarian females

The purpose of this study was to investigate iron status of premenopausalvegetarian women consuming tofu or tofu plus orange juice. Following athree day pre-period, 14 lacto-ovo vegetarians were randomly divided intotwo experimental periods of 30 days each. For the first 30 days, one halfof the subjects (n = 7) received 6 oz (173 grams) of tofu/day (T) while theother half of the subjects (n = 7) received 6 oz of tofu/day along with303 mg of vitamin C/d (TO). After 30 days, there was a crossover ofthe diets. Iron status was assessed by measuring serum ferritin andhemoglobin concentrations on the first day of the study and at the end ofeach experimental period. The Mann Whitney-U test was significant duringthe first (W = 17.5; Z = –2.095; p = 0.0361) and over the second (W = 40.0; Z = –2.611; p = 0.009) experimental periods which indicated thechange in hemoglobin levels for the T and TO groups were different. Meanranks showed a greater increase in hemoglobin levels for the TO group.There was no significant difference in the change in serum ferritin levelsbetween the T and TO groups over the first and second experimentalperiods. In conclusion, bioavailability of iron from tofu is enhancedby supplementation with ascorbic acid.     

血红蛋白于CeO2/MWNTs /CHIT纳米材料复合膜上的电化学行为

[目的]制备CeO2/MWNTs/CHIT纳米材料复合膜并研究血红蛋白（Hb）的直接电化学行为。[方法]通过制备CeO2/MWNTs/CHIT悬浮液和Hb/CeO2/MWNTs/CHIT/GCE电极研究了Hb的电化学行为及其影响因素。[结果]电镜表征表明,纳米级的CeO2与MWNTs均匀地分布在CHIT膜中。CeO2/CHIT/GCE、MWNTs/CHIT/GCE、CeO2/MWNTs/CHIT/GCE以及裸玻碳电极CV的2对可逆氧化还原峰分别出现在138（Epc）和217mV（Epa）。与裸玻碳电极相比,CeO2/CHIT/GCE、MWNTs/CHIT/GCE和CeO2/MWNTs/CHIT/GCE的峰电流分别增加了1.5、1.9和3.6倍。1mgCeO2、2mgWMNTs和100mgCHIT制备的复合膜具有最大的峰电流。电极表面的电子转移是表面控制的。Hb/CeO2/MWNTs/CHIT/GCE膜具有很强的协同效应,并且大大增强了Hb对于H2O2的催化作用,这些效应在5.0×10-6～4.6×10-4mol/L的范围内具有良好的线性关系,检测限为6.7×10-7mol/L。[结论]成功制备了一种新型CeO2/MWNTs/CHIT纳米材料复合膜,该复合材料增强了单一材料对Fe（CN）3-/4-的氧化还原信号。     

电位控制血红蛋白(Hb)组装制备无媒介体过氧化氢生物传感器

通过电位控制的方法将血红蛋白Hb固定在由L 半胱氨酸自组装修饰的金电极上制得过氧化氢传感器Hb/L cys/Au,并通过电化学方法（CV）、原子力显微镜（AFM）等手段对电极的修饰过程进行了表征。试验显示,该传感器对H2O2催化还原性能优良、灵敏度高、稳定性好且非常易于制做。电极在（pH值5.5）0.1 mol/L PBS中对H2O2催化还原响应良好,线性可分为2段,低浓度段为8.21×10^－8～4.83×10^－6mol/L,高浓度段为4.83×10^－6～8.22×10^－3 mol/L,检测限为8.24×10^－9mol/L。     

透明颤菌血红蛋白基因对苏氨酸发酵生产的影响

将透明颤菌血红蛋白（VHb）基因转化至苏氨酸发酵基因工程株E.coli中,研究了导入VHb基因对苏氨酸发酵生产的影响。结果表明,改造后苏氨酸发酵菌对营养物质的利用效率增加。以不同碳源发酵时,摇床培养提高苏氨酸产量28.7%～55.4%,以不同氮源发酵时提高产酸7.4%～36.1%。导入VHb基因对菌体生长动力学的影响较小,但对苏氨酸产酸动力学曲线作用较显著。基因改造提高了菌株的生长与苏氨酸合成能力,并能缓解摇床转速较低时供氧对发酵的限制。     

甘草多糖对小鼠血红蛋白和巨噬细胞的影响

将从甘草根中提取的多糖(GPS)给小鼠腹腔注射,测其对小鼠血红蛋白(Hb)及巨噬细胞(ΜΦ)吞噬功能的影响。结果表明GPS对机体Hb和ΜΦ吞噬功能均无显著影响。     

中卫山羊血红蛋白多态性的研究

在全面综述国内外山羊血红蛋白研究进展的基础上，应用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法，对１００只中卫山羊血红蛋白的多态性作了研究。发现了由ＨｂＡ和ＨｂＢ两个共显性等位基因支配的两种基因型ＨｂＡＡ和ＨｂＢＢ，其中ＨｂＡ和ＨｂＡＡ的频率分别高达０９８和０９６。