牙鲆的淋巴细胞表面抗原

关于鱼类淋巴细胞的异质性的研究开始于20世纪70年代,80年代以后才利用抗IgM单克隆抗体证明硬骨鱼具有T/B样淋巴细胞[1-5]。鱼类的T淋巴细胞具有和哺乳动物T细胞相似的功能,如:对同种移植产生的排斥反应和细胞增殖反应。虽然鱼类的T样淋巴细胞还没有象哺乳动物那样建立起以表面多肽的单克隆抗体进行分离鉴定的CD系统,但在硬骨鱼中已发现了编码TCR分子和MHC分子的基因,随着DNA测序技术的迅速发展,美国、法国和日本等国家的几个实验室[6-10]在20世纪90年代开展了鱼类TCR基因多样性和组织相容性抗原(MHC)在脊椎动物系统发育中进化关…     

和田黑鸡与普通商品鸡淋巴细胞转化形态差异分析

根据普通商品鸡与未注射疫苗的和田黑鸡淋巴细胞转化率的对比,分析和田黑鸡机体与普通商品鸡免疫力的强弱。用密度梯度离心法分离出鸡外周血淋巴细胞,于37℃、5%的CO2培养箱中体外培养,如果其受到某种诱导剂,如有丝分裂原植物凝集素(PHA)、刀豆蛋白A(ConA)的诱导后,就会表现为细胞体积增大、代谢旺盛、蛋白质和核酸合成增加,即向淋巴母细胞转化和增殖,淋巴细胞转化率的高低则可以反映机体的免疫水平。试验发现,随着时间的递增,当用植物凝集素(PHA)、刀豆蛋白A(ConA)诱导和田黑鸡和普通商品鸡时转化率也呈现上升趋势,普通商品鸡淋巴细胞的转化率要大于和田黑鸡,且在72h后普通商品鸡与和田黑鸡的淋巴细胞LPS诱导后转化率都呈现递减趋势。该试验为动物疫苗免疫效果检测和细胞因子制剂的研究奠定了基础。     

马蹄香对小鼠免疫系统影响的初步研究

文章通过研究含马蹄香血清对正常小鼠脾淋巴细胞和巨噬细胞的影响(MTT比色法),并结合中性红吞噬实验检测含药血清对小鼠PMΦ能量代谢水平及吞噬能力的影响,来检测马蹄香对小鼠免疫系统的影响。结果初步证明了马蹄香含药血清能够增强小鼠脾淋巴细胞转化能力,提高PMΦ能量代谢水平和吞噬能力,具有一定的免疫增强作用。     

刺五加多糖对雏鸡脾脏中CD4+ 和CD8+T淋巴细胞定位分布的影响

为了研究刺五加多糖（ASPS）对雏鸡脾脏中CD4+和CD8+ T淋巴细胞定位分布的影响,从组织学角度评价ASPS对脾脏的免疫调节作用,试验将1日龄海兰褐公雏饲养至7日龄时选取150只,随机分为3组：空白对照组、ASPS低剂量组（ASPSL）和高剂量组（ASPSH）,每组50只,所有组每天注射1次,连续注射3天。免疫后的第7、14、21和28天分别取其脾脏制作冰冻切片,采用免疫组织化学方法检测CD4+和CD8+ T淋巴细胞的定位分布。结果显示,与空白对照组比较,免疫注射后21天和28天时ASPSL组和ASPSH组CD4+ T淋巴细胞的数量均显著增加（P<0.05）,而且ASPS能够促进红髓中CD4+ T淋巴细胞向动脉周围淋巴鞘迁移,从而使单个动脉周围淋巴鞘面积较对照组明显增加,而ASPS对脾脏中CD8+ T淋巴细胞的数量和分布无明显影响。由此可知,ASPS能够通过影响脾脏中CD4+ T淋巴细胞的定位分布发挥免疫调节作用,这对于进一步揭示ASPS的免疫调节机制具有重要意义。     

实验性鸡马立克氏病免疫病理学研究 Ⅱ:外周血液ANAE~+T淋巴细胞的动态观察

本研究对京毒—1号马立克氏病(MD)强毒接种鸡外周血液中的ANAE~+淋巴细胞及其亚群进行了动态观察。结果表明,感染鸡外周血液的ANAE~+T淋巴细胞总数持续性增高,但这主要是ANAE~+细颗粒型T淋巴细胞亚群显著增加的结果,而代表辅助性T淋巴细胞的ANAE粗颗粒淋巴细胞则处于较低的水平。同时代表B淋巴细胞的ANAE~-淋巴细胞的变化一直未达到有统计学意的义的水平。从而提示,一方面马立克氏病的免疫方式主要是细胞免疫;另一方面鸡马立克氏病时外周血液淋巴细胞的增殖具有多重含义。     

生殖周期小鼠子宫内膜上皮淋巴细胞的数量变化

应用甲苯胺蓝染色方法，观察了发情周期、妊娠期和分娩后小鼠子宫粘膜上皮内淋巴细胞的消长情况。与间情期相比，上皮内淋巴细胞的数量在发情前期减少，而发情期和发情后期又增加。妊娠 １ ｄ 数量较少，１４ ｄ 开始回升，１８ ｄ 的数量超过间情期。分娩后 １ ｄ 突然升高，随后又逐渐恢复。这些结果提示，上皮内淋巴细胞可能参与子宫粘膜免疫。     

淋巴细胞凋亡抑制与鸡马立克氏病的发生

本研究证明，外源性糖皮质激素（ＧＣ）可以诱导正常鸡和马立克氏病毒（ＭＤＶ）疫苗免疫鸡淋巴细胞ＤＮＡ出现１８０～９００ｂｐ的阶梯状小分子断片，即诱导淋巴细胞凋亡过程启动。尤其是疫苗免疫鸡淋巴细胞对体内生理浓度ＧＣ就有相当高的致ＤＮＡ阶梯状小分子断裂的敏感性。而这种诱导反应可以被ＲＵ４８６阻断，人工感染ＭＤＶ鸡同样有抑制该反应的作用，这暗示ＭＤＶ引起无免疫活性淋巴细胞在鸡体内堆集直到形成肿瘤，可能与ＭＤＶ抑制淋巴细胞凋亡，使自体生理性清除非功能性淋巴细胞的机制受阻有关。本研究还以ＲＵ４８６阻断鸡淋巴细胞糖皮质激素受体（ＧＲ）。结果使鸡对ＭＤＶ敏感性提高，ＭＤ病变形成提前。     

Effects of Centella asiatica extracts on apoptosis of mouse spleen lymphocytes

AIM：To isolate the active compounds of Centella asiatica and to investigate their effects on the apoptosis of mouse spleen lymphocytes. METHODS：Cold soak, polar extraction, silica gel column chromatography and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography were performed to isolate the active compounds from Centella asiatica, which were identified by the assays of scavenging activity on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrayl radical (DPPH·) and hydroxyl radical (OH·). Flow cytometry was performed to observe the effects of Centella asiatica extracts on the apoptosis of spleen lymphocytes in mice. RESULTS：Four extracts (B1, B2, B3 and B4) were obtained by the separating procedure. Among them, the extract B4 exerted a potent scavenging effect on both DPPH· and OH·. Quercetin was identified from the extract B4 by HPLC analysis. The mouse spleen lymphocytes with extract B4 treatment showed a significant rise in the level of apoptosis compared with control group. CONCLUSION：Centella asiatica extract B4 induces apoptosis of spleen lymphocytes, and quercetin is the major substance of extract B4.     

Thymic lymphosarcoma of T cell lineage in a koala (Phascolarctos cinereus)

Objective To diagnose and characterise thymic lymphosarcoma in a koala.
Design A pathological case.  

Animal

Seven-year-old female koala.
Procedure The neoplastic process was investigated macroscopically, haematologically, histologically and immunohistologically.
Results The koala had difficulty swallowing because of a medial swelling in the lower neck. Biopsy of this mass and blood examination revealed lymphosarcoma with a leukaemic manifestation; necropsy and histopathological examination showed the mass to be thymus. Palatine tonsils, cervical, axillary and mesenteric lymph nodes, spleen, liver, gut, bronchi, genitalia and bone marrow were infiltrated by neoplastic cells. Immunohistological staining of the thymic mass, cervical and mesenteric lymph nodes, bone marrow, spleen and gut revealed the neoplastic cells to be of T lymphocyte origin (positive for both anti-human CD3 and CD5).  

Conclusions

It is speculated that the neoplastic process originated in the thymus and was disseminated by bloodborne neoplastic cells: This first report of thymic lymphosarcoma in a marsupial confirms that antibodies raised originally to investigate human lymphoid neoplasia can cross-react with neoplastic lymphocytes in koalas.     

Change in interleukin 2 production by lymphocytes during maturation of young cats

Lymphocytes from four specific-pathogen free cats were tested for their interleukin 2 activity every week beginning when the cats were 12 weeks old and ending when they were 26 weeks old. Lymphocytes from cats 20 weeks old released significantly more interleukin 2 than those obtained from these cats at earlier ages when stimulated with calcium ionophore A23187 and phorbol myristate acetate. The change of interleukin 2 levels with maturation of young cats may represent an important difference in their level of defense to infections with various pathogens.