引起种公猪外伤的原因及防治措施

<正>外伤对于种公猪生产影响较大,轻者可以导致种猪数天无法正常生产;重者则能造成公猪四肢瘫痪,甚至直接淘汰,引起一定的经济损失。笔者于2007年11月份至今,在如东县家畜改良站担任技术员期间,共治疗外伤病例23例。经统计,外伤主要类型分别为扭伤、骨折、蹄壳脱落、小创伤引起的蜂窝织炎以及打斗引起的创伤等。经过治疗,愈后良好的种公猪一共19头,治愈率达到82.6%,治疗无效而淘汰的种公猪有4头,占总淘汰数     

Effect of Nutrient Restriction and Compensation on Weight,Serum Indexes and Gene Expression of Chest Fat Adipokines in Mongolian Lamb

To study the effect of nutrient restriction and compensation on weight,serum indexes and gene expression of chest fat adipokine in Mongolian lamb,thirty male lambs were randomly divided into control group (20.26 kg± 3.63 kg) and feed restricted group (21.29 kg±3.00 kg).The experiment lasted for 120 days,including 60 days for feed restriction and 60 days for compensatory feed.At the end of each stage,five lambs from each group were slaughtered and chest fat was collected.Serum concentration of triglycerides,non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA),total cholesterol were measured.Quantitative Real-time PCR were used to determine Adiponectin,Visfatin,PPAR-γ and ACC genes expression.The results showed that:①The lamb body weight of restricted group kept maintain level and that of control group showed a increase tendency.During the compensatory period,the average daily gain (ADG) of restricted group was significantly higher than control group (P< 0.05).②During the restriction period,serum triglycerides concentration of lambs in restricted group was significantly decreased at day 30 and 60 (P< 0.05),and NEFA concentration was significantly increased at day 30 (P< 0.05).After 60 days of nutritional compensation,all serum parameters we tested were not significantly different between restrict group and control group (P >0.05).③During the restriction period,PPAR-γ and ACC gene expression in restricted group were significantly lower than that of control group (P< 0.05),while no significant differences were found during the compensation period (P>0.05).Adiponectin and Visfatin genes expression in chest fat was not significantly changed throughout the experiment (P >0.05).We could know that nutritional restriction reduced fatty acid synthesis and adipocyte differentiation ability,adipose tissue was mobilized energy metabolism,and total cholesterol was recoveried growth on the compensation.However,the ACC and PPAR-γ genes in restricted group were significantly decreased with the body weight increased rapidly during the compensatory stage.Adiponectin and Visfatin were not significantly different between restricted and compensatory stages.     

桂花幼胚培养及愈伤组织增殖诱导

采用不同培养基对桂花胚的培养进行了试验研究,结果表明:MS 1-1.5 mg.L-16-BA有利于桂花幼胚的萌发;MS 2 mg.L-16-BA 0.3 mg.L-12,4-D有利于幼胚苗的幼叶愈伤组织的诱导,诱导率高,且质地致密;B5 1.5 mg.L-16-BA 0.05 mg.L-1NAA有利于幼胚苗基部产生的愈伤组织的增值诱导,所形成的新愈伤组织呈淡绿色,且质地致密,生长很好,并能分化出根。     

洄游之谜

大海是那样的浩瀚,江河是那样的漫长,而某些鱼类是怎样在无数流入海洋的河流中,认出它们出生的河流,从而攀瀑布、过水坝、爬巨石,历尽千辛万苦千里迢迢返回家乡来的呢?不忘故乡的大马哈鱼大马哈鱼又叫鲑鱼,素以肉质鲜美、营养丰富著称于世。我国黑龙江畔盛产大马哈鱼,是“大马哈鱼之乡”。鲑鱼身体长而侧扁,吻端突出,形似鸟喙。口大,内生尖锐的齿,是凶猛的食肉鱼类。鲑鱼在淡水河流中产卵,孵出的幼鱼只在河流中生活短暂的时间,就游向大海生活,到长大发育成熟时,又游回到出生的河流中来产卵。当你在瀑布前看到鲑鱼一次次地腾空跃起,企图跨越…     

针叶树组织培养繁殖技术研究进展

针叶树组织培养繁殖技术的建立 ,对快速繁殖针叶树种苗木起到了重要的作用。该文论述了针叶树组织培养的现状 ;重点介绍了影响外植体分化的因子———外植体、培养基、激素等 ,以及外植体芽的诱导和增殖及其植株再生方面的内容。     

夏蜡梅组织培养试验初报

以夏蜡梅茎段为外植体，进行夏蜡梅组培试验，结果表明：外植体茎段的最佳消毒方式是先用70％酒精消毒10—15s，再用0．1％HgCl溶液浸泡3—5min；继代增殖培养的最佳培养基为MS＋6-BA2．0mg／L＋NAA0．1mg／L＋蔗糖30g/L，增殖系数4．03，茎芽生长粗壮；最佳生根培养基为I／2MS＋IBA0．4mg/L。     

转基因741杨高效配套育苗体系建立

针对转基因741杨硬枝扦插难生根的特性，将组织培养及多种扦插繁殖技术有机结合在一起，建立了转基因741杨综合配套育苗体系，提出了适合无性繁殖的“遮阴间歇喷雾扦插”和“移棚不移苗扦插繁殖”育苗方法。转基因741杨组培快繁中，初始启动培养基为MS 6-BA1．0mg／L NAA0．1ms／L，嫩茎增殖培养基为MS 6-BA0．3～1．0mg／L IBA0～0．3mg／L，茎尖生根培养基为1／2MS 0．3IBA 1．5％蔗糖。不同月份嫩枝扦插培养的苗木中，5月份扦插的嫩枝生长较快，但苗木间分化程度较高；8月份扦插的嫩枝生长相对较慢，但苗木的分化程度低，生长整齐。不同月份苗木移栽后，生长节律相同，经过1a生长，不同月份间苗木生长差异不明显，5月份扦插的苗木生长略优于其他月份扦插的苗木。     

灰毡毛忍冬新品种组培高效增殖体系的建立

以灰毡毛忍冬新品种‘金翠蕾’为材料，研究了基本培养基、MS培养基大量营养元素含量、植物生长调节剂浓度、生物素及蔗糖浓度对组培丛生芽增殖的影响。结果表明，在MS、WPM、WH、B，基本培养基中，MS比较适合丛生芽的增殖和生长；MS中的硝酸钾和磷酸二氢钾的台量对丛生芽增殖影响较大，以硝酸钾为零，磷酸二氢钾、硝酸铵、氯化钙和硫酸镁分别减半为宜；蔗糖浓度对丛生芽的增殖影响不显著，但以30g／L为宜；添加生物素D以及低浓度6-BA和NAA有利于丛生芽增殖与生长；适宜的增殖培养基为改忘MS＋6-BA0．5mg／L＋NAA0．05mg／L＋生物素1．0mg/L。     

库尔勒香梨砧木组织培养

试验选用库尔勒香梨矮化中间砧S系、F系中的品种嫩茎尖作为试验材料进行了离体增殖研究,结果表明,不同种类的基本培养基及不同浓度配比的植物生长调节剂对试管苗增殖的效果不同。M S培养基较A S、B5培养基更有利于矮化砧S系、F系茎的增殖,中等浓度的细胞分裂素(BA)与较低浓度的生长素(IBA)、赤霉素(GA3)配合使用效果更理想。综合茎质量、茎数量等指标认为:M S BA 1.0 m g/L IBA 0.05 m g/L GA31.0 m g/L是矮化砧S系、F系试管苗茎增殖的最佳培养基。     

用二次正交旋转组合设计优化马占相思增殖培养基

在马占相思组织培养初步取得成功的基础上，采用二次正交旋转组合设计对马占相思增殖培养基进行优化，建立增殖率(Y)对Ca^2 浓度(X1)、6-BA浓度(X2)及NAA浓度(X3)3个试验因子的正交回归模型：Y=2．280-0．168X1-0．259X2 0．185X1^2-0．210X2^2 0．167X3^2 0．326X1X2。从模型推知，当Ca^2 浓度为0．58倍常规MS培养基浓度(255g／L)，6BA为0．76mg／L，NAA为0．16mg／L时，增殖率达最大值为4．32，实验结果与预测值相符。