在线接触式人造板厚度检测系统的设计

为了提升我国人造板生产质量,利用光栅尺位移传感器,设计一种在线接触式人造板厚度检测系统.系统基于Windows操作系统平台应用,可实现板材厚度参数设置、数据分析、检测记录、存储及实时显示数据等功能;同时,可与更高一级管理系统或TCP/IP以太网或H1总线进行数据通讯,为板材厚度纠偏传递信息.应用试验结果表明,系统运行平稳,在线重复性测量数据稳定、可靠.     

粉煤灰场复垦地肥力状况及对土壤理化性质的影响

选择安徽省淮南市上窑镇粉煤灰处置场覆土复垦地为研究区域,测定覆土厚度和土壤剖面各层的容重、pH、含水量、有机质等理化性质,土壤总氮、有效磷、速效钾等养分含量,以及冬小麦抽穗期的生物量,研究粉煤灰处置场复垦土壤理化性质及其与土壤养分的相关性,不同覆土厚度复垦地冬小麦生长的差异性.结果表明,粉煤灰场复垦地土壤总氮含量约0.90 g/kg,有效磷和速效钾含量分别为12～76 mg/kg、114～135 mg/kg,土壤肥力与作物生长状况和自然农业土壤相比差异不显著;除复垦土壤厚度、容重、含水量对有效磷含量影响显著外,其余土壤养分与土壤理化性质和表土厚度的相关性不强.     

梅花星猪类群种质分子特征研究

利用PCR-RFLP等技术检测了湖北省黄梅县梅花星类群49头猪的ESR、FSHβ(影响产仔数)、TEF1(生长速度)、LPIN1、H-FABP(肌内脂肪含量),MC4R、CMYA1(背膘厚度)等7个候选基因的多态性.结果表明,梅花星猪类群中上述7个候选基因均有丰富的多态性,特别是肌内脂肪含量有利基因的基因频率较高,是其肉质优良的分子基础.其他性状相关基因的杂合子频率也较高,通过和已有的研究对比,初步分析梅花星猪类群受外来猪杂化程度严重,本研究为梅花星猪遗传资源的保护和利用提供了科学依据.     

甜玉米果皮厚度主基因+多基因遗传效应分析

【目的】研究甜玉米果皮厚度的遗传模式,为甜玉米品质改良和分子标记辅助选择提供理论依据。【方法】以果皮厚度有显著差异的甜玉米自交系T4和T19为亲本配制杂交组合,用主基因+多基因混合遗传模型及P1、P2、F1、B1、B2和F2共6个世代联合分析的方法,对甜玉米果皮厚度性状进行分析。【结果】果皮厚度的最适遗传模型为D-2,即1对加性主基因+加性-显性多基因混合遗传;主基因遗传率大于相应分离世代的多基因遗传率,B1、B2、F2群体的主基因遗传率分别为59.65%,55.17%和65.24%,多基因遗传率分别为37.84%,41.40%和32.65%,主基因的加性效应值为-27.186 4,多基因的加性效应值为0.289 5,显性效应值为5.742 3。【结论】甜玉米果皮厚度以主基因遗传为主,育种中既要重视利用主基因,也要考虑多基因对性状的影响。     

立地条件对落叶松人工林生长的影响

通过对日本落叶松(Larix kaempferi)人工林在不同立地条件下的生长调查,结果表明,日本落叶松在生长过程中,受土层厚度、林地位置、立地指数等多方面因素的制约:厚层土胸径年生长量比中层土和薄层土高9.2%～26.7%,树高年生长量高21.8%～44%;生长在N坡,坡度较缓、山地下腹为优;在不同的立地指数级中,生长差异明显,18以上指数级比14～18指数级胸径生长量高25.4%,比14以下指数级胸径生长量高33.8%,树高生长量,18以上指数级比14～18指数级高26.7%,比14以下指数级高36.3%。培育日本落叶松人工林,选择优质立地条件不但可提高林木的生长速度,又能促使林木优质高产。     

Cell wall thickness and tangential Young's modulus in coniferous early wood

To investigate the effect of wall thickening around cell corners on the tangential Young's modulus of coniferous early wood, tapered beam cell models in which the variation of the cell wall thickness in the axial direction was taken into account were constructed for seven species. Their tangential Young's moduli were compared with the experimental results. The calculated Young's moduli of tapered beam cell models were larger than those of the models composed of the cell walls with uniform thickness, although both models showed almost the same density. For some species the calculated Young's moduli of the models in which the cell wall thickness increased curvilinearly in the axial direction were much closer to the experimental values. The reduction of the radial cell wall deflection due to the increase of the stiffness around cell corners was considered to increase the tangential Young's modulus of a wood cell.This report was presented at the 49th annual meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society, Tokyo, April 1999     

Selection of Rice Lines Using SPGP Seedling Method for Direct Seeding

Abstract

Lodging is a major cause of yield loss in the rice production systems using direct seeding. In this study, several characteristics of 80 F₄ breeding lines and 10 check cultivars were examined in connection with lodging resistance to establish a technique suitable for screening a large number of lines efficiently for breeding rice for direct seeding. Experiments were conducted over a 2-year period in puddled wet-fields and in seed pack growth pouches (SPGP). Among the root parameters of SPGP seedlings, only root thickness had a significant positive correlation (r = 0.495**) with pushing resistance, which is the force to bend rice culm to a designated angle and is correlated with lodging resistance. The root thickness of SPGP seedlings was also positively correlated with root thickness in the field at 18 (r = 0.346**) and 30 (r = 0.512**) days after seeding. For selected lines and check cultivars, positive correlations were found between pushing resistance and culm thickness in the field (r = 0.809**), between pushing resistance and root thickness in SPGP (r = 0.694**). Culm length and panicle number were negatively correlated with pushing resistance (r=–0.454**, r=–0.563**, respectively). Among the characteristics related to lodging, root and culm thickness were higher in selected breeding lines than in check cultivars. Grain yield was positively correlated with panicle weight (r = 0.601**) and harvest index (r = 0.586**) but not with panicle number (r=–0.007ns). Thus the low-tillering, panicle-weight type plants with thick roots and culms seem to be suitable for direct seeding. Some promising lines and candidate parental lines for the next crossing cycle for direct seeding were identified.     

大直径高压气瓶管壁厚精度的质量特征

壁厚精度控制是大直径高压气瓶质量控制的关键.结合现代统计方法,应用平均壁厚均值、标准差、标准差系数等作为大直径高压气瓶管壁厚精度的评价标准,通过对大直径高压气瓶管进行金长手工测量,并结合UT探伤对气瓶管壁厚精度传递特性进行分析,从统计特性上,气瓶管整体的壁厚分布基本上呈正态分布形式,并提出了气瓶管壁厚精度控制过程能力分析模型.以此对试制气瓶管的原料管、半成品管、成品管进行了壁厚精度分析和过程能力评价,从而为实际生产提供技术支持.