Effects of antimicrobial peptides on growth,feed utilization,serum biochemical indices and disease resistance of juvenile shrimp,Litopenaeus vannamei

This experiment was conducted to assess the effects of antimicrobial peptides at different levels (Diet 1 (0%), Diet 2 (0.1%), Diet 3 (0.2%), Diet 4 (0.4%), Diet 5 (0.6%) and Diet 6 (1%)), on growth, serum biochemical indices and antioxidant effect, feed utilization and disease resistance in Litopeneaus vannamei. There were four replicates in each group in the experiment (mean weight = 0.21 ± 0.00 g) and also fed with their respective diets for 8 weeks. Growth performance compared with the control group (0%) significantly increased at first and then decreased among treatment groups (p < .05) whereas the survival rate ranged from 78% to 96%. No significant differences were observed in terms of moisture, crude protein and ash content, but there was a significant increase in crude lipid (p < .05). In serum, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, polyphenol oxidase, triglyceride, glucose and total cholesterol changed as compared with 0%. Total antioxidant capacity, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde were also different from 0%. Disease resistance was increased in shrimp among treatment groups with 0.4% recording the lowest mortality percentage of 37% after the challenge test. The results from the present study suggested that supplementation of AMP at 0.4% in shrimp diet can improve growth performance, antioxidants activities and innate immune response of Pacific whiteleg shrimp.     

巨菌草对七彩山鸡生长性能、免疫器官以及肠绒毛形态的影响

试验旨在探究日粮中添加巨菌草(Pennisetum giganteum)对七彩山鸡(Phasianus colchicus)生长性能、免疫器官以及肠绒毛形态的影响。试验选取1周龄健康的七彩山鸡(母)210只,随机分为1个对照组(0%组)和4个饲料处理组,每组3个平行。4个饲料处理组配制时,分别添加4%、8%、12%、16%的巨菌草添加剂于基础饲料中。结果表明,与0%组相比,12%组七彩山鸡的平均体重和平均日采食量显著增加(P<0.05);4%、8%、12%组平均日增重显著大于16%组(P<0.05);8%组料重比显著降低(P<0.05);饲料处理组免疫器官指数中肝脏、脾脏指数均在0%组的基础上有所增加,但差异不显著(P>0.05);8%的巨菌草添加剂可显著增加七彩山鸡肠道的绒毛长度(P<0.05),隐窝深度显著降低(P<0.05),扩大肠道黏膜吸收面积。说明日粮中添加巨菌草可以提高七彩山鸡肠道对营养的吸收能力,一定程度上改善七彩山鸡生长性能和免疫性能。     

GDFs基因家族候选基因对崇仁麻鸡生长性状的影响

利用崇仁麻鸡差异性状的重测序结果,将生长分化因子(GDFs)基因家族作为候选基因,筛选与崇仁麻鸡生长性状相关的多态位点。结果发现,GDF-2、GDF-8和GDF-10基因的多态位点对崇仁麻鸡的生长性状有着显著或极显著的影响。单倍型分析结果显示,GDF-2和GDF-10基因的单倍型H3H3为劣势单倍型组合可以选择淘汰。研究结果表明,GDFs基因家族候选基因对崇仁麻鸡的生长性状有一定的影响。     

鹅肠道微生物研究进展

肠道微生物是当前研究的热点,鹅肠道微生物的组成与丰富程度不仅和鹅的生长性能密切相关,而且在鹅机体生理活动中具有一定的调节作用,同时与疾病的发生和发展具有密切的联系。通过研究鹅肠道微生物的调节,从而达到促生长或者治疗疾病的目的,是目前鹅研究探寻的新方向。文章主要综述了鹅肠道微生物的组成及其变化规律,以期为鹅产业生物饲料的开发应用、研发推广新型安全高效饲料添加剂提供新思路。     

氨基酸钙对烤烟生长及烟叶品质的影响

为了进一步优化烤烟营养调控技术、提升烟叶品质,采取大田试验的方式,研究了氨基酸钙对烤烟生长以及内在品质的影响。结果表明,施用氨基酸钙后烤烟田间长势较好,平顶期烟株株高、叶面积等农艺性状指标均优于常规对照,烤后烟叶具有较高的均价和上中等烟比例,能够增加烤后烟叶的经济效益。施用氨基酸钙对烟叶品质具有一定的改善作用,可以提升烤后上部烟叶的两糖含量,并对烟碱含量具有一定的降低作用,在团棵期和旺长期分次施用氨基酸钙B2F和C3F等级烟叶的感官评吸质量最好。综合分析,在本试验条件下,氨基酸钙的施用方式以在团棵期或旺长期分次施用较为适宜。     

有机肥、碱性物质对龙舌兰麻H.11648幼苗营养生长影响

以玄武岩发育而成酸性粘土、龙舌兰麻H.11648幼苗为试材,以施用充足化肥为对照,施用有机肥、碱性物质(碳酸钙、白云石粉)作为其他处理,测量各处理对龙舌兰麻H.11648幼苗株高、叶宽、叶片数影响,为龙舌兰麻H.11648合理施用有机肥和碱性物质提供依据。结果如下： 1、用碱性物质碳酸钙或白云石粉调节的土壤pH值6.0、6.5处理的龙舌兰麻H.11648幼苗株高、叶宽、叶片数增长率与对照(pH5.5)没有显著差异,龙舌兰麻H.11648幼苗在玄武岩发育土壤上生长酸害阈值为pH值5.5；2、有机肥处理对龙舌兰麻H.11648幼苗株高、叶片数增长率没有显著影响,但4%、8%有机肥显著增加了叶宽(增长率分别比对照提高62.7%、76.7%),有机肥显著促进了龙舌兰麻H.11648幼苗生长。     

不同营养条件对羊肚菌菌核形成的影响

菌核形成与羊肚菌(Morchella esculenta)子实体的形成有密切的关系。以PDA培养基为基础培养基,通过添加其他物质培养羊肚菌菌丝,观察菌核生长情况,从而初步判断其形成菌核的培养基限定条件。结果表明,碳源营养添加物为淀粉和乳糖,浓度为10 g·L^-1;氮源添加物为NH4HCO3、KNO3和甘氨酸,浓度为250 mg·L^-1;添加KH2PO4,浓度为1 g·L^-1,均能较好地促进羊肚菌菌核的形成。     

Regulation of fibroblast growth factor 9 on the differentiation of goat intramuscular adipocytes

It has been found that fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGF-FGFR) signaling can regulate the expression of adipocyte differentiation genes. FGF9 is one of the members of FGFs that mainly binds receptors FGFR2 and FGFR3. FGF9 is highly expressed in the adipose tissue of humans and mice, but there are few reports on the role of FGF9 in goat intramuscular adipocyte differentiation. Therefore, this study explored the effect of FGF9 on adipocyte differentiation through cell culture, interference, and overexpression. The expression of receptors FGFR1–FGFR4 in adipocyte differentiation and their effects on differentiation were detected to screen receptor gene of FGF9. Finally, the interaction between FGF9 and the receptor was tested by cotransfection. Our results showed that FGF9 interacts with FGFR2 to inhibit goat intramuscular adipocyte differentiation by regulating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) and preadipocyte factor 1 (Pref1), which is a data support for subsequent pathway research.     

红富士生长特性及主要病害的防治

招远市是红富士之乡，是我国红富士苹果的主产区之一。产出的红富士苹果色艳形正、口感 清爽、汁多脆甜、久贮不绵，备受市场欢迎和好评。产量稳定、质量上乘得益于得天独厚的自然条件和 先进的生产技术，得益于果农的辛劳付出，更得意于国家的好政策。生产中，充分了解红富士的生长 特性，并及时防治病害，是确保产量和品质的前提措施之一。     

油松的生长习性及病虫害防治分析

油松在我国的北方，对于荒山造林、涵养水源以及保持水土等各方面都做出了杰出的贡献， 并且在园林绿化方面也具有一定的突破。本文主要讨论了油松的生长习性以及病虫害防治策略。