台湾中部地区短延时降雨强度初步探讨

台湾地区在经历1999年的921地震后,山坡地土体松动严重,仅仅短延时的降雨即有机会引起土石流的发生,而近年微小的降雨条件下即有可能触动土石流发生,因此将台湾中部地区14个测站所测得的台风降雨资料,依照台风降雨强度进行水文频率分析,分析方法采用对数常态分布法、极端值第一类分布法、皮尔逊第三类分布法及对数皮尔逊第三类分布法等4种方法,计算短延时重现期距并绘成降雨强度-延时-频率之分析曲线,再整合各区域土石流潜势溪流的分布情况,分析台风降雨对台湾中部地区所造成之影响.     

Analysis of Sediment Source of Watershed in Western Shanxi of the Loess Plateau

1 INTRODUCTIONThe Loess Plateau is the most drastic soil erosion regionin China, with the most severe water erosion. Thedistribution of types and intensity of erosion not onlyhave regional diversity but also have perpendicularvariation. In the small watershed, there are differencesin erosion characters among its upper, middle and lowerreaches. It is very significant for taking rationalmeasures of soil and water conservation and forpreventing soil and water loss to analyze the relationbe…     

Strategic Trend of Chinese Urban Forestry Development

1 STRATEGY BACKGROUND1.1 Quickening of Urbanization ProcessSince the reform and opening-up in China in 1978,economic community developed rapidly. By the endof 2003, GDP has exceeded $1 000 billion. With therapid development of Chinese economy, residentialmode focusing on rural population is now changing,urbanization process is quickening, traditional cityscale is expanding into metropolis (Tianjin, Xi’an,Chengdu, Chongqing, etc.) or super cities (Beijing,Shanghai, Guangzhou, etc.…     

Construction of cDNA Library from Populus euphratica

1 Introduction Populus euphratica is a salt tolerant tree species, which is mainly distributed in the desert regions in northwest China (Wei 1993). Moreover, it is the only large tree species, which can survive and develop into forest in these arid and saline-alkali areas. P. euphratica forest plays a very important role in restraining the expansion of desert, maintaining ecological environment in west China, protecting the biological diversity and raising the local people抯 living standard…     

Ultrastructural and Extracellular Protein Changes in Cell Suspension Cultures of Populus euphratica Associated with Low Temperature-induced Cold Acclimation

Populus euphratica Olive is the only tree species that can grow in the saline land and also survive cold winters in northwest China, and it plays a very important role in stabilizing the vulnerable ecosystem there. A cell suspension culture was initiated from callus derived from plantlets of Populus euphratica. Cold acclimation was induced (LT50 of-17.5 ℃) in cell suspension at 4-5 ℃ in the dark for 30 days and the freezing tolerance increased from LT50 of-12.5 ℃ in nonacclimated cells to LT50 of-17.5 ℃ in cold-acclimated cells. Microvacuolation, cytoplasmic augmentation and accumulation of starch granules were observed in cells that were cold-acclimated by exposure to low temperatures. Several qualitative and quantitative changes in proteins were noted during cold acclimation. Antibodies to carrot extracellular (apoplastic) 36 kD antifreeze protein did not cross react on immunoelectroblots with extracellular proteins in cell suspension culture medium of Populus euphratica, indicating no common epitopes in the carrot 36 kD antifreeze protein and P euphratica extracellular proteins. The relationship of these changes to cold acclimation in Populus euphratica cell cultures was discussed.     

Analysis on Schistosomiasis Occurrence And Preventive Measures in Three Gorges Reservoir

Recently, due to more flooding, schistosomiasis is in expanding tendency in some areas. With Three Gorges Engineering progress, schistosomiasis will occurr potentially in Three Gorges reservoir. In order to control the disease, some methods must be applied, e.g. chemicals, biological measures. To some extent every way has its specific effect. However, the vital way is improving the environment and reducing the amount of snails. One of the effective ways is conducting forestry ecological engineering that focuses on snail control and schistosomiasis prevention. The practical ways cover such as pollution controlling, ditches surface hardening. Especially for water-level-fluctuation zone, conducting forestry ecological engineering to improve environment to prevent snails＇ propagation is significant and vital. By operating the project environment could be greatly improved and people＇s living conditions would be bettered.     

宿根矮化病菌侵染后甘蔗防御酶活性变化

[目的]研究接种甘蔗宿根矮化病（Ratoon stuning disease,RSD）菌后甘蔗防御酶活性的变化,为进一步探明甘蔗与RSD病菌的互作机制提供理论依据.[方法]以温汤脱毒后的甘蔗品种桂糖1 1号（GT11）为材料,设RSD菌液浸种为处理,ddH2O浸种为对照,测定甘蔗茎、叶不同时期超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶（APX）、谷胱甘肽还原酶（GR）等5种防御酶活性变化.[结果]在RSD病菌胁迫下,甘蔗茎和叶片中相关防御酶活性均有所变化,茎中除APX活性一直高于对照外,其他酶活性均表现为在90 d时低于对照,180d时高于对照;叶中除POD活性一直高于对照外,其他酶活性在90 d时高于对照,180 d时低于对照.[结论]在RSD病菌胁迫下,甘蔗茎和叶片中CAT、SOD、POD、APX及GR活性均有所提高,随着胁迫时间的延长在茎中出现逐渐高于对照的趋势,叶片则与此相反.     

甘蔗的起源和进化

文章通过总结近20年来有关甘蔗属分类、地理起源、栽培起源与传播、甘蔗进化以及甘蔗基因组进化等的研究结果,全面分析了甘蔗的起源和进化进程,分析结果支持Brandes于1958年提出的假说。建议今后应对割手密种、大茎野生种和热带种之间的相互关系展开深入研究,以便更全面了解甘蔗的起源和进化;同时应开展甘蔗全基因组测序研究、甘蔗叶绿体基因组学研究及构建甘蔗遗传连锁图谱,全面深入剖析甘蔗的遗传结构和驯化进程。     

北京地区节水型屋顶绿化植物配置及养护

节水型屋顶绿化是北京地区增加城市绿化面积,改善城市生态环境的重要手段。本文通过查阅文献、实地调查和总结分析,从植物生长的条件和配置原则出发,归纳了北京地区屋顶绿化常用的植物材料,提出适合北京地区节水型屋顶绿化的植物选择原则,并根据这些原则,提出了推荐北京地区节水型屋顶绿化使用的乔木植物油松(Pinustabulaeformis)等15种、灌木植物大叶黄杨(Buxusmegistophylla)等27种、地被植物景天类(Sedum spectabilis)等13种,推荐了喷灌、滴灌和渗灌等3种可用于屋顶绿化的节水灌溉技术,并简要介绍了屋顶绿化的修剪要求,为北京地区节水型屋顶绿化的推广提供了理论依据和技术支持。