我省小麦白粉菌小种及抗性遗传的初步研究分析

把贵白4、16、64号与我省一些白粉病菌系进行比较鉴定，初步发现目前我省生产上小麦白粉病菌优势小种为类似贵白16号的冀白2号，但还没有致病力更强的64号小种。另外，用冀白2号、贵白16号和贵白64号小种分别对2个小麦抗源与我省部分感病品种杂交的F1、F2幼苗离体叶段接种，通过抗性遗传分析，发现抗源2号对冀白2号和贵白64号小种的抗性分别由l对显抗白粉病基因控制。     

吉林省薄皮甜瓜主产区白粉病菌生理小种的初步鉴定

2011年秋季对吉林省四个地区的不同乡镇,不同栽培模式的薄皮甜瓜上采集的共9个来源的白粉病菌进行生理小种鉴定。按照国际通用的瓜类白粉病生理小种鉴定标准体系,根据病菌在13个鉴别寄主上的抗感反应,初步确定吉林省瓜类白粉病菌存在单囊壳白粉菌（S.fuliginea）的两个生理小种,即小种1和小种2France,且主流小种为...     

Sources of Resistance to Anthracnose (Colletotrichum truncatum) in Wild Lens Species

Lentil anthracnose (Colletotrichum truncatum (Schwein.) Andrus et W.D. Moore is a potential threat in many lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) production regions of North America. In the lentil germplasm maintained in Germany and North America, 16 lines were reported to have resistance to race Ct1, but none has resistance reported to race Ct0. The objective of this study was to examine accessions of wild Lens species for their resistance to races Ct1 and Ct0 of lentil anthracnose. Five hundred and seventy-four wild accessions of six species and control lines were screened in two replications under both field and greenhouse conditions using a 1–9 scoring scale (1, highly resistant; 2–3, resistant; 4–5, moderately resistant; 6–7, susceptible; and 8–9, highly susceptible). Indianhead and PI 320937 were resistant while Eston and Pardina were susceptible to race Ct1 as expected. However, none of the check lines were resistant to race Ct0. Among the six Lens wild species tested, accessions of Lens ervoides (Brign.) Grande had the highest level of resistance, 3–5 to race Ct1 and Ct0 followed by L. lamottei Czefr. in the field and greenhouse. Lens orientalis (Boiss.), L. odemensis L., L. nigricans (M. Bieb.) Godron and L. tomentosus L. were highly susceptible, 8–9 to race Ct0 in the greenhouse. The highest frequency of resistance, especially in L. ervoides (Brign.) Grande, was found in accessions originating from Syria and Turkey. The usefulness of these L. ervoides (Brign.) Grande accessions as sources of resistance to the more virulent race of anthracnose in a lentil breeding program is discussed.     

Development of sequence tagged site markers to identify races of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lactucae

By random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis of the representative isolates of each race of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lactucae, RAPD fragments of 0.6, 1.6, and 2.9kb were obtained. The 0.6-kb RAPD fragment was common to the representative isolates of all three races. Amplification of the 1.6- and 2.9-kb fragments were unique to the isolates of races 1 and 2, respectively. Sequence tagged site (STS) marker FLA0001, FLA0101, and FLA0201 were generated from the 0.6-, 1.6-, and 2.9-kb RAPD fragments, respectively. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis showed that FLA0001 was common to all 49 isolates of F. oxysporum f. sp. lactucae. FLA0101 was specifically generated from all 23 isolates of race 1 but not from races 2 or 3. FLA0201 was specifically amplified from all 12 isolates of race 2 but not from races 1 or 3. In two isolates of F. oxysporum f. sp. lactucum, PCR amplified FLA0001 and FLA0101 but not FLA0201. On the other hand, these STS markers were not detected from isolates of five other formae speciales. Because these STS markers were not generated from isolates of other plant pathogenic fungi, bacteria, or plant materials examined in this study, PCR analysis combined with the three STS markers should be a useful means for rapid identification of races of F. oxysporum f. sp. lactucae.     

中华补血草Syntaxin基因的克隆(英文)

[目的]对中华补血草Syntaxin基因进行克隆。[方法]以中华补血草叶片为材料,提取总RNA并进行反转录反应。依据已知Syntaxin基因5’端EST序列信息设计巢式引物,以反转录得到的cDNA为模板,利用2轮PCR扩增cDNA3’末端(3’RACE),获得Syntaxin基因3’端序列。[结果]获得1090bp的DNA片段。分析表明,该片段编码LsSyntaxin全长基因,其中开放阅读框长816bp,编码271个氨基酸。该基因编码的Syntaxin蛋白相对分子量为30254.3Da,理论等电点为5.55。[结论]为研究Syntaxin基因在补血草中的功能及其在补血草泌盐过程的作用奠定了基础。     

对云南南涧茶俗的探究

本文通过对云南省大理州南涧茶俗的调查研究、搜集整理,全面概述了南涧茶俗的内容、特色、指出发展南涧茶俗,对于繁荣南涧茶文化、振兴南涧茶业意义深远。     

Resting concentrations of cardiac troponin I in fit horses and effect of racing

ObjectivesTo determine normal resting values for cardiac troponin I (cTnI) in healthy Standardbred, Thoroughbred and Warmblood horses and investigate if racing has an influence on cTnI concentrations.BackgroundMeasuring cTnI concentrations in plasma is the gold standard for detecting myocardial injury in humans. Cardiac troponin I is highly conserved between species and has gained interest as a marker for cardiac injury in horses. Increased levels of cTnI have been reported in association with endurance and short-term strenuous exercise on a treadmill in horses. However, the effect of true racing conditions has not yet been reported.Animals, materials and methodsBlood samples for analysis of cTnI concentrations in plasma were collected from 67 Standardbred racehorses, 34 Thoroughbred racehorses and 35 Warmblood dressage horses at rest. Blood samples were also collected prior to and after racing in 22 Standardbred racehorses and 6 Thoroughbred racehorses.ResultsAll horses except one had resting plasma cTnI concentrations <0.022 μg/L. Mild increases in cTnI concentrations were seen in some horses 1–2 h after the race (1/17 Standardbreds and 2/6 Thoroughbreds) as well as 10–14 h after the race (4/21 Standardbreds and 1/6 Thoroughbreds).ConclusionsResting cTnI concentrations in horses are low but mildly elevated cTnI concentrations may be detected in some horses 1–14 h after racing. These findings could be of importance when evaluating horses with suspected cardiac disease that recently have performed hard exercise.     

海南三亚地区葫芦科作物白粉病菌生理小种分化的鉴定

采用国际通用的甜瓜白粉病生理小种鉴定寄主与标准鉴定体系,在冬季对海南省三亚地区不同地点、不同栽培模式的西瓜、甜瓜、南瓜、丝瓜和西葫芦以及野西瓜上采集的共9个白粉病菌进行生理小种鉴定,根据一系列甜瓜白粉病鉴别寄主的抗感反应,初步确定海南三亚地区葫芦科作物白粉病菌存在S.fuliginea的两个生理小种,即小种1和小种2France,且优势生理小种是小种2France.另外,还有新的生理小种存在,有待于进一步研究.     

黄淮大豆主产区大豆胞囊线虫生理小种分布调查

大豆胞囊线虫(SCN)在黄淮地区普遍发生,调查小种分布情况,确定优势小种对抗病育种有重要意义。2012-2015年,取样调查黄淮地区6个省份土样,利用Riggs模式鉴定生理小种,绘制黄淮地区SCN生理小种分布图,并与文献报道结果对比,探讨黄淮地区SCN生理小种类型及其分布规律。结果表明,该病害在黄淮大豆主产区均有分布,在采集受SCN感染的322份土样中,112份被鉴定出生理小种类型,包括1号、2号、3号、4号、5号、6号和11号小种。其中,57份为2号小种,占样本总体的50.9%;26份土样为5号小种,占23.2%;11份土样为4号小种,占9.8%,1号、3号、6号和11号小种分别占总体的4.5%、5.4%、4.5%和1.8%。依据不同生理小种在各省发生频率由高到低的顺序,河南分布5号、2号、3号、11号小种;河北分布2号、5号、6号、3号、4号小种;安徽分布2号、5号、6号、3号小种;山西分布2号、4号、5号、1号、3号、11号小种;山东分布2号、3号、5号、1号、6号小种;江苏分布2号、5号、1号小种。以上结果表明,2号小种是目前黄淮海地区的优势小种,其次是5号小种,致病力最强的4号小种主要分布在山西省。在黄淮海地区,抗线虫育种目标应以抗2号生理小种为主,兼抗5号小种,部分地区应以兼抗2号和4号小种为主。在黄淮地区3号、6号和11号小种是新发现的小种。与2001-2003年调查结果比较,黄淮海地区大豆胞囊线虫生理小种组成及分布有一定的改变。     

香蕉枯萎病菌4号小种致病力分化的初步研究

自2003年6月至2010年1月,我们通过采集或交流的方式共得到海南、广东、福建、云南和广西等省区的35个市县的56个Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense Race 4菌株,并通过盆栽伤根淋灌法接种巴西蕉苗,系统性地评价了56个Race 4菌株的致病力。实验结果表明：供试的56个Race 4菌株表现出了很明显的致病力分化,其中,强致病力的菌株有29个、中致病力的有9个、弱致病力的有18个,分别占供试菌株的51.79%、16.07%、32.14%。