N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸对肥育猪生长及激素水平的影响

选取体重51 kg左右杜长大肥育猪84头,随机分为2组,每组设3个重复,2组分别饲喂添加0、50 mg/kg N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸(NMDA)的饲粮,试猪体重达88 kg时结束饲养试验,并对猪生长性能及血液相关激素指标进行分析,结果表明50 mg/kg NMDA可以显著影响猪的生长性能及内分泌水平,试猪日增重提高9.31%(P＜0.01),料重比降低7.16%(P＜0.02);血清生长激素含量提高了92.54%(P＜0.01),IGF-I水平增加了50.68%(P＜0.05),TSH、FT 3、FT 4的浓度分别提高了78.40%(P＜0.02)、123.33%(P＜0.01)和60.58%(P＜0.03),胰岛素水平提高了62.61%(P＜0.05).由此可见,NMDA可以显著影响猪的生长及血清相关激素水平.     

Expression of a recombinant crustacean hyperglycemic hormone of the kuruma prawn Penaeus japonicus in methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris

ABSTRACT:   Until now, six crustacean hyperglycemic hormones (CHH) designated Pej-SGP-I, -II, -III, -V, -VI and -VII have been characterized in the kuruma prawn Penaeus japonicus . All CHH consist of 72 amino acid residues and have an amidated carboxyl (C)-terminus. In the present study, we expressed Pej-SGP-III in methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris in order to obtain a large quantity of recombinant CHH possessing biological activity. A cDNA encoding Pej-SGP-III that had been previously cloned was processed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and the resulting product was ligated into an expression vector. Pichia pastoris was transformed with this vector after which a recombinant Pej-SGP-III was expressed having an additional amino acid residue (glycine) at the C-terminus (rPej-SGP-III-Gly), a form considered to be a putative precursor of this hormone. rPej-SGP-III-Gly secreted into the culture medium was purified by reversed-phase HPLC, and amidated using a peptidylglycine alpha-amidating enzyme. The amidated rPej-SGP-III (rPej-SGP-III) showed hyperglycemic activity in in vivo bioassay almost comparable to that of the natural Pej-SGP-III. rPej-SGP-III thus obtained will be a useful tool not only for its physiological study but also for the determination of its 3-D structure.     

促性腺激素释放激素基因及其受体基因的研究进展

作者简要介绍了促性腺激素释放激素基因及其受体基因的位置、结构、表达、调控机理,并初步探讨了这两个基因与繁殖性能的关系。     

糯米糍荔枝果实内源激素与落果的关系

以糯米糍荔枝生理落果期的田间调查和胚胎发育研究为基础,探讨了内源激素与生理落果的关系.结果表明,糯米糍生理落果高峰的主要原因是:第1次因授粉受精不良导致的生长促进类激素尤其是CTK水平过低;第2次与胚乳为胚的发育所利用而消失、IAA和GAs急剧降低有关;第3次与胚的败育造成CTK、GAs和IAA的全面下降有关;第4次发生在假种皮(果肉)迅速生长期,与种皮和假种皮ABA升至高水平有关.此外,还探讨了ABA /(IAA+GAs+CTK)与生理落果的相关性,以及胚囊、珠被和假种皮等果实内部组分内源激素的变化特点.     

茭白肉质茎膨大过程中的糖代谢与激素含量变化

 以单季茭白品种‘蒋墅茭’和双季茭白品种‘葑红早’为试材, 研究了秋季肉质茎膨大过程中物质运转的相关生理生化变化。结果表明, 随着肉质茎鲜质量、干质量快速增加, 非结构性碳水化合物主要成分含量总体上升, 后期出现下降, 蒋墅茭肉质茎中蔗糖含量较高; 糖分转化关键酶活性总体较高,转化酶活性以酸性转化酶较高且呈快速下降, 蒋墅茭的酸性转化酶活性高于葑红早而中性转化酶活性较低;蔗糖合成酶的分解方向活性显著高于合成方向, 且后期维持较高水平, 葑红早的双向活性均高于蒋墅茭;Z + ZR总体含量最高、下降最明显, GA₄ 其次, IAA也呈缓慢下降趋势, GA₃、ABA含量极低, 且各激素均以葑红早高于蒋墅茭。茭白肉质茎干、鲜质量处于快速增长阶段的同时, 而内部生理生化快速下降, 说明茭白肉质茎膨大过程具有特殊性, 并且品种间存在差异。     

Therapeutic effects of recombinant human growth hormone on rat sepsis

AIM:To investigate therapeutic effects of recombinant human growth hormone(rhGH) on rat sepsis and its possible mechanisms.METHODS:Mean arterial pressure (MAP), levels of plasma TNFα, IL-1β and endotoxin, leukocyte count and survival rate within 1 week were determined after E. coli injection among control group, sepsis group and sepsis+rhGH group.RESULTS:(1)rhGH diminished the decrease of MAP, reduced plasma endotoxin and TNFα levels and increased neutrophil ratio in total leukocytes in sepsis rat. rhGH increased survival rate within 1 week on sepsis rat. (2)No changes were found in IL-1β level among the three groups.CONCLUSION:rhGH showed desirable beneficial effects on rat sepsis, which may attribute to: improving circulatory function;maintaining intestinal mucosa barrier, attenuating bacteria/endotoxin translocation and inhibiting the production and release of TNFα.     

20%多效唑·甲哌 FEE7 微乳剂防止小麦倒伏和增产机理研究

冬小麦二棱期喷施植物生长调节剂20%多效唑·甲哌鎓微乳剂375 mL/hm2,可以显著抑制茎秆基部节间伸长,增加各节间充实度,其中赤霉素(Gas)和生长素(IAA)降低,可显著增强小麦抗倒伏能力和降低田间倒伏率.处理还协调了穗数、穗粒数和粒重的关系,增产幅度6.2%～28.6%.增产原因可能在于促进籽粒灌浆强,增加籽粒中内源Gas、IAA、细胞分裂素(CTKs)的水平,增强了籽粒库活性,同时促进茎叶中干物质向籽粒运转.     

20%多效唑·甲哌Wong微乳剂防止小麦倒伏和增产机理研究

冬小麦二棱期喷施植物生长调节剂20%多效唑·甲哌鎓微乳剂375 mL/hm2,可以显著抑制茎秆基部节间伸长,增加各节间充实度,其中赤霉素(Gas)和生长素(IAA)降低,可显著增强小麦抗倒伏能力和降低田间倒伏率.处理还协调了穗数、穗粒数和粒重的关系,增产幅度6.2%～28.6%.增产原因可能在于促进籽粒灌浆强,增加籽粒中内源Gas、IAA、细胞分裂素(CTKs)的水平,增强了籽粒库活性,同时促进茎叶中干物质向籽粒运转.     

苹果紧凑型品种和矮化砧木内源激素的变化

 以不同矮化程度的苹果品种、砧木和嫁接植株为试材, 研究了春梢旺长期茎尖和春梢停长期叶片的内源激素变化。结果表明, 与普通型品种相比, 紧凑型品种茎尖和叶片中的赤霉素(GA₁₊₃) 含量显著降低而细胞分裂素(CTKs) 含量显著升高, 紧凑型品种的CTKs/ GA₁₊₃约是普通型品种的4. 78～6. 24 倍。不同矮化程度的砧木间相比, 春梢停长期叶片中, M9 的IAA 含量比平邑甜茶降低了53. 7 %。以M26作中间砧, 显著降低了接穗叶片和基砧新根中的IAA 含量; 但以新红星作中间砧则影响较小。将M26中间砧与紧凑型品种组合, 与乔砧普通型植株相比, 春梢停长期叶片和新根中IAA 含量分别下降了46. 1 %和33. 3 %,CTKs/ GA₁₊₃是其2. 8～3. 6 倍, 其变化幅度大于单一应用矮化砧、紧凑型品种的植株。因此, 紧凑型、矮化砧具有不同的激素调节机制, GA、CTK在紧凑型品种矮化中起重要作用, 而矮砧的矮化可能与IAA 密切相关。