砂质土肥力状况及其与毛白杨生长关系的研究

对黄河故道冲积砂质上的肥力状况和毛白杨生长因子之间的关系进行了研究，着重分析了土壤养分和水分在土体中的分布规律，及其与土壤质地的关系，以及不同生长季节毛白杨的叶片营养特征和树高、胸径生长量与砂质土水分、养分含量的相关性。结果表明：砂质土肥力低下；土壤质地、养分和水分变化状况与树木生长关系密切，尤其是土壤粘粒、水分和氮素含量与毛白杨生长呈明显的正和关。故可通过施肥、灌水、改善土壤保水保肥特性来调整和控制林木生长。     

蓝桉造林施肥对林地土壤肥力影响的监测结果

为了解蓝桉人工林地土壤肥力的变化情况，进行了蓝桉施肥和造林后的林地土壤肥力监测和分析。经对设于保山市辛街３种施肥处理的蓝桉人工林地，进行为期两年（１９９３、１９９４年）的土壤１１项化学性状监测得出：土壤的有效Ｎ、Ｐ、Ｋ的含量随林地的施肥而增加；造林两年后，土壤的ｐＨ（Ｈ２Ｏ）、ｐＨ（ＫＣｌ），有机酸，全氮，有效Ｎ、Ｐ、Ｋ，水解酸，交换性Ｃａ（＋＋）、Ｍｇ（＋＋）的指标均低于造林前。     

黄土高原油松刺槐人工林对土壤肥力影响的研究

研究了黄土高原油松、刺槐人工林对土壤的培肥效应，结果表明：油松、刺槐人工林能显著提高土壤肥力水平，降低土壤ＰＨ，１８龄油松１．２ｍ＾２及３３龄刺槐１．６ｍ＾２根区土壤断面的有机质，全氮、有效氮、有效钾、ＣＥＣ均值无林对照分别提高５７．８％、６８．６％、１０９．３％、２８．９％、５４．５％及７４．３％，１２３．６％、２８５．３％、４２．４％、６３．７％，ｐＨ降低１４．４％及２．９％，油松，刺槐林对土     

大面积营造集约经营人工林对土壤肥力的影响

分析了"世行贷款国家造林项目"(简称NAP)区内人工林地力衰退的现状和原因,阐明了NAP防止地力衰退采取的对策,并根据土壤肥力监测结果分析了NAP实施过程中土壤肥力的变化情况,提出了防止土壤肥力退化的措施.结果表明项目实施5a来,营造了138.5×104hm2的集约经营人工林,由于严格执行了"环保规程",有效地防止了土壤肥力的退化,土壤肥力不仅没有下降,而且略呈增加的趋势.项目区内热带片和亚热带片的速效氮和有机质略有下降外,土壤中的全氮、速效磷、速效钾、缓效钾等7种养分呈上升趋势.项目区华北-中原、辽东低丘岗地片,土壤中的各种养分含量逐渐增加,其中速效磷、速效钾和代换钙镁增加的速度最快.     

华顶山云锦杜鹃林地土壤肥力分析

对华顶山上不同生长状况（正常开花与不正常开花）的云锦杜鹃林地土壤理化性质作分析比较，表明两林地土壤物理性较理想，土壤中有机碳，全氮，水解性氮及土壤有效态微量元素含量均在较适的范围之内；而不正常开花林地土壤中有效磷，速效盼望缺乏，氮磷钾比例失调，这可能是引起云锦杜鹃不能正常开花的原因之一。     

乐昌含笑人工林的土壤肥力和涵养水源功能研究

通过对乐昌含笑和杉木人工林生物量和土壤肥力的调查,进行乐昌含笑人工林培肥土壤和涵养水源功能的研究,结果表明:营造乐昌含笑人工林后林地土壤水稳性团聚体含量增加,团聚体的稳定性增强,容重降低,总孔隙度增加,林地土壤结构、孔隙和养分状况得到不同程度的改善,乐昌含笑人工林具有比杉木林更好的培肥土壤功能;乐昌含笑叶的最大持水率明显高于杉木叶,其林分地上部分最大持水量是杉木林的1.14倍,同时由于乐昌含笑林土壤结构及孔隙状况的改善,林地蓄水能力增强,使得乐昌含笑人工林表现出比杉木林更好的水源涵养功能。     

Productivity of intensified crop—fallow rotations in the Trenbath model

Management of crop—fallow rotations should strike a balance between exploitation, during cropping, and restoration of soil fertility during the fallow period. The Trenbath model describes build-up of soil fertility during a fallow period by two parameters (a maximum level and a half-recovery time) and decline during cropping as a simple proportion. The model can be used to predict potential crop production for a large number of management options consisting of length of cropping period and duration of fallow. In solving the equations, the model can be restricted to sustainable systems, where fallow length is sufficient to restore soil fertility to its value at the start of the previous cropping period. The model outcome suggests that the highest yields per unit of land can be obtained by starting a new cropping period after soil fertility has recovered to 50–60% of its maximum value. This prediction is virtually independent of the growth rate of the fallow vegetation. The nature of the fallow vegetation (natural regrowth, planted trees, or cover crops) mainly influences the crop yield by modifying the required duration of fallow periods. Intensification of land use by shortening fallow periods will initially increase returns per unit land at the likely costs of returns per unit labor. When fallows no longer restore soil fertility to 50% of the maximum, overall productivity will decline both per unit land and per unit labor, unless external inputs replace the soil fertility restoring functions of a fallow.This revised version was published online in November 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

马尾松飞播林土壤肥力研究

湖南省马尾松飞播林林地土壤肥力低下是制约其林分生长和发育的重要因素.通过土壤养分主成分分析,对马尾松飞播林土壤肥力级别进行了排序和分类,在此基础上,运用方差分析和灰色关联分析对土壤养分含量和土壤肥力水平进行了分析和评价.将湖南省马尾松飞播林地土壤肥力分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ类,全K、全N,微量元素Zn、Fe,以及土壤有机质含量在各肥力级别土壤中均存在显著差异,Ca、Mg、全P在各类土壤中的含量相差不大,全P在土壤中的含量极低,同时研究结果也表明,林分所处立地条件越好,土壤肥力水平就越高,这为马尾松飞播林林分施肥提供了科学依据.     

Effects of organic and mineral fertilizer inputs on maize yield and soil chemical properties in a maize cropping system in Meru South District, Kenya

Soil nutrient depletion as a result of continuous cultivation of soils without adequate addition of external inputs is a major challenge in the highlands of Kenya. An experiment was set up in Meru South District, Kenya in 2000 to investigate the effects of different soil-incorporated organic (manure, Tithonia diversifolia, Calliandra calothyrsus, Leucaena leucocephala) and mineral fertilizer inputs on maize yield, and soil chemical properties over seven seasons. On average, tithonia treatments (with or without half recommended rate of mineral fertilizer) gave the highest grain yield (5.5 and 5.4 Mg ha⁻¹ respectively) while the control treatment gave the lowest yield (1.5 Mg ha⁻¹). After 2 years of trial implementation, total soil carbon and nitrogen contents were improved with the application of organic residues, and manure in particular improved soil calcium content. Results of the economic analysis indicated that on average across the seven seasons, tithonia with half recommended rate of mineral fertilizer treatment recorded the highest net benefit (USD 787 ha⁻¹) while the control recorded the lowest (USD 272 ha⁻¹). However, returns to labor or benefit-cost ratios were in most cases not significantly improved when organic materials were used.     

秦岭南坡不同海拔土壤肥力的空间分异规律

对秦岭南坡土壤肥力状况、空间分异规律及其与海拔的关系进行研究.结果表明,秦岭南坡土壤肥力指标在整个土壤剖面空间分异范围分别为:土壤pH值5.97～6.89,有机质含量6.6～50.1 g·kg-1,土壤全N含量0.5～3.8 g·kg-1,碱解N含量33.6～257.3 mg·kg-1,速效P含量0.81～5.8 mg·kg-1,速效K含量38.9～262.4 mg·kg-1,粘粒含量11.3%～18.1%,阳离子代换量68.5～310.2 mmol·kg-1;其空间分异程度以速效P、有机质和土壤全N含量较大,土壤粘粒含量和土壤pH值较小;随着土层的加深,土壤pH值、有机质、速效P、土壤粘粒含量和阳离子代换量空间分异程度减小,而土壤全N、碱解N和速效K含量空间分异程度增大.土壤速效K、速效P含量和阳离子代换量水平空间分异程度受海拔的影响较大,而土壤pH值和粘粒含量水平空间分异程度受海拔影响较小.随着海拔的升高,土壤pH值降低,有机质和速效P、K含量增大,土壤肥力空间分异程度减小,这可能与随着海拔升高人为干扰强度降低及林分类型趋向单一有关.