面向21世纪的中国农业工程议程探讨

综述了中国2000～2030年瓶颈时期食物安全和农业水资源安全问题的各种预测;讨论了农业科技的对策;提出了实现中国农业现代化及贯彻国家生态环境建设规划(2000～2050)所需优先发展的农业工程科技领域。建议在这些优先领域,大力开展结合各个地区特定条件的国际合作研究和合资经营。开发、推广与实施先进适用型技术。指出这是获得未来潜在市场最高份额以及快速发展的途径。     

基于序贯扫描算法的区域标记技术与蘑菇图像分割方法

蘑菇采摘机械手通过机器视觉系统进行引导与定位，需要对菇床上的蘑菇图像进行处理和分析。为了在一幅蘑菇图像中将各个蘑菇的边界识别并区分出来，作者提出了一种分析算法。首先分析了蘑菇图像的数字特征和边界的分割方法，提出了基于序贯扫描方法的蘑菇图像区域标记技术，实现了各个蘑菇图像中心区域的识别。然后，从各个中心区域的中心坐标点出发，沿着不同角度的半径方向搜索蘑菇边界点，将找到的各个蘑菇边界点存放到相应的动态链表中，实现各个蘑菇的独立分割，最后在Visual C++软件平台上对该算法进行了验证。结果证明该方法是可行的，为蘑菇采摘机器人视觉系统的开发奠定理论基础。     

花生收获机械的研究现状与发展趋势

通过对国内外花生收获机械的调研与资料检索,综述了用于分段收获的花生挖掘犁、花生收获机和用于联合收获的花生联合收获机的类型及特点.在系统介绍和分析了上述花生收获机械以及用于分段收获中花生摘果机的基础上,从各种机型的工作原理、结构特点、动力配套、性能指标、适应条件等多方面论述了国内外花生收获机械所具有的优势和存在的不足.结合中国加入世贸组织及产业结构调整对花生收获机械带来的挑战与机遇,提出了发展中国花生收获机械化的对策和建议.     

联合收割机跨区机收发展分析

阐述我国联合收割机跨区机收的发展历程，分析了联合收割机跨区机收的主要贡献、发展动因；提出了联合收割机跨区机收正处于由政府主导向市场主导转换时期，要充分发挥政府部门市场监管和信息服务的职能，推动联合收割机跨区机收快速、健康发展，并给出了有关政策建议。     

桑树省力化全年条桑收获法的研究

全年条桑收获留干 0 4～ 0 .6m ,一留多年 ,且全年收获条桑。经过小区近 10年的试验及几年的农村示范表明 ,该收获法的收获工效比收获叶片提高 2倍以上 ,小区 9年平均产量比传统的冬根刈收获法增长 9 7个百分点 ,条桑饲养大蚕成绩明显比片叶饲养好。留干几年后根刈 ,桑树的再生长不受影响     

旱作红豆草人工草地建植管理利用技术的研究

在天山北坡山地草原和山地荒漠草原过渡地带,进行旱作红豆草人工草地的研究和大田生产结果表明:在建植中对地形选择、抓苗、保苗的管理和刈割技术等措施的配套实施,是保证稳产高产的关键。     

The development of delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity in rabbits infected with the herpesvirus of malignant catarrhal fever

Delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) was demonstrated in malignant catarrhal fever (MCF) virus-infected rabbits intradermally injected with homologous viral antigens.The response was first detected four days post-infection (pi) and was maximal on day 7 pi. DTH could not be demonstrated after the onset of pyrexia. The abrogation of DTH in MCF virus-infected rabbits is discussed in relation to the pathogenesis of the disease.     

Effect of tri-o-cresyl phosphate and methamidophos on Ca uptake by brain synaptosomes in hens

The effect of tri-o-cresyl phosphate (TOCP) and methamidophos (MET) on potassium-stimulated ⁴⁵Ca uptake by brain synaptosomes in hens was studied. An in vivo test showed that TOCP increased potassium-stimulated calcium uptake 2 h after its administration, but that verapamil suppressed the enhancement of this calcium uptake. An in vitro test showed that lower concentrations of TOCP stimulated calcium uptake by synaptosomes, but that higher concentrations inhibited the uptake. In contrast, all tested concentrations of MET obviously inhibited calcium uptake; however, since calcium uptake was decreased by the administration of verapamil plus either TOCP or MET, the mechanism by which TOCP affects the voltage-operated calcium channel may be different from that of MET. The disruption of calcium homeostasis may be involved in organophosphate-induced delayed neurotoxicity (OPIDN). Calcium channel blocker may ameliorate OPIDN by maintaining calcium homeostasis in nerve cells.     

Influence of organic carbon on reductive dechlorination of thiobencarb in California rice field soils

The herbicide thiobencarb is suspected of causing delayed phytotoxicity syndrome (DPS) in rice plants. While the ultimate agent appears to be its dechlorinated product (deschlorothiobencarb), the influence of organic carbon on the formation of deschlorothiobencarb in California rice field soils has not been investigated. Thus, two different soils were compared for their ability to reductively dechlorinate thiobencarb with carbon augmentation: one from the eastern Sacramento Valley, which has historically displayed DPS, and one from the western Sacramento Valley, which has not. Rice straw was homogenized into samples of each soil to produce 0, 0.33 or 2% organic carbon augmentation. During 90-days of anoxic incubation, substantial deschlorothiobencarb production was measured in both soil types. However, only the thiobencarb degradation rate in the eastern valley soil was positively correlated with carbon content. Thus, other characteristics of DPS-resistant soils may limit deschlorothiobencarb formation.