蔗糖和光对草莓离体试管苗气体交换和Rubisco活力的影响

在含有较低浓度蔗糖的 1/2MS培养基上和较高的培养光强下生长 6周的草莓离体试管苗,其净光合速率(Pn)、Rubisco的初始活力和总活力相对较高。培养基中添加 2 0.0 μg/gATP(腺苷三磷酸二钠)后,可使离体试管苗的Pn及Rubisco的初始活力和总活力升高;用 5.0 μg/gTPT(氯化三苯基锡)代替ATP后,却会使试管苗的Pn及Rubisco初始活力及总活力下降     

VA菌根菌对苹果组培苗水分吸收和利用的影响

为给ＶＡ菌根菌在生产上的应用提供依据,以脱毒富士苹果组培苗为试验材料,采用塑料盆栽控水措施,研究ＶＡ菌根菌对苹果组培苗水分利用的影响。结果表明,在４个土壤含水量水平下,茵根经苹果植株制造１ｇ干物质的用水量均低于对照,节水效果为１２．５％￣３９．６％。     

小美石斛茎段培养的研究

用小美石斛茎段作外殖体,进行试管繁殖。筛选出各培养阶段适宜的培养基,(1)腋芽萌生MS + 6-BA 5mg/L+NAA 0.4 mg/L;(2)继代增殖 MS + 6-BA 2mg/L+NAA0.2mg/L,三种培养基MS,1/2MS,N6,以MS增殖效果最好,(3)适宜的生根培养基为1/2MS + NAA0.1mg/L+PP333 0.1mg/L 其中平放的芽块生根速度,生根质量和生根率均高于直立放置的。     

甘蔗新品系桂糖02-901和02-467组培苗生根试验

对两个甘蔗新品系桂糖02-901和02-467的组培苗生根培养基配方及培养方式进行研究。研究结果表明,桂糖02-901组培苗生根培养的最佳NAA浓度为10mg/L,最佳蔗糖浓度为70g/L;而桂糖02-467的组培苗在NAA浓度为5mg/L,蔗糖浓度为30g/L时,其生根率均比其它处理的高。在培养基中添加活性炭会降低组培苗出根率。接种后放置在室外自然光照下的环境培养,会延迟出根时间,但组培苗总的出根率比在室内的高。     

几种外源激素对盐胁迫下草莓试管苗生长的影响

在组培条件下,研究了外源GA3、6-BA、IAA、IBA和NAA对盐胁迫下草莓试管苗生长的影响。结果表明:5种激素均可明显促进一定浓度盐胁迫下草莓试管苗的生长,使其株高增加,叶片数增多,芽分生率提高。其中0.5 mg/L GA3、1.0 mg/L 6-BA、1.0 mg/L IAA、0.5 mg/L IBA和0.5 mg/L NAA在各激素处理中效果最佳,GA3在5种激素处理中效果最明显。     

乙烯释放剂克服香石竹试管苗玻璃化的研究

用香石竹(Diamthus caryphyllus L.)为试验材料,乙烯前体ACC和乙烯释放剂乙烯利为生长调节剂进行试验。试验结果表明,ACC对克服香石竹试管苗玻璃化有显著效果,并能一次成苗,正常试管苗的诱导频率达98％。从外部形态观察,茎叶充实度好,根系发达;茎横切面显微观察,茎内厚壁组织发达,细胞排列紧密;生理指标测定结果,蛋白质、干物质、叶绿素含量均高于玻璃苗,干物质为玻璃苗的1.7倍,叶绿素为玻璃苗的5.5倍。乙烯利培养的试管苗生长情况与ACC培养的相近。添加ACC、乙烯利的培养瓶中,乙烯释放量明显高于对照,说明乙烯对克服香石竹试管苗玻璃化有良好作用。     

小美石斛茎段培养的研究

用小美石斛茎段作外殖体,进行试管繁殖。筛选出各培养阶段适宜的培养基,(1)腋芽萌生MS 6-BA5mg/L NAA0.4mg/L;(2)继代增殖MS 6-BA2mg/L NAA0.2mg/L,三种培养基MS,1/2MS,N6,以MS增殖效果最好,(3)适宜的生根培养基为1/2MS NAA0.1mg/L PP3330.1mg/L其中平放的芽块生根速度,生根质量和生根率均高于直立放置的。     

Factors involved in the production of plantlets from date palm callus cultures

Summary A discussion of a suitable procedure to rapidly propagate free-living date palms (Phoenix dactylifera L.) from callus cultures is presented. Embryogenic callus derived from lateral bud explants was subjected to various auxin treatments in liquid and agar media including p-chlorophenoxyacetic acid. -naphthaleneacetic acid or 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid at 0.0, 0.1, 1.0 and 10.0 mg/l concentrations in order to obtain optimum growth. Subsequent plantlet initiation from callus was found to be related to initial auxin pretreatments upon subculture to medium devoid of hormones. Plantlet production from callus subcultured from media containing 0.0, 1.0 and 10.0 mg/l auxin concentrations was notably lower than from callus precultured on the 0.1 mg/l auxin levels. In order to improve in vitro adventitious rooting isolated plantlets were cultured on media containing 0.0, 0.1, 1.0 and 10.0 mg/l concentrations of indole-3-acetic acid or -naphthaleneacetic acid in various physical environments. Optimum adventitious rooting responses and survival in free-living conditions were obtained by culturing plantlets in medium containing 0.1 mg/l for 8–16 weeks prior to transplanting to soil. Axillary shoot outgrowths (offshoots) were found to be common in plantlets cultured on a variety of media once an adequate root-shoot system was developed. Mention of a trademark name or proprietary product does not constitute a guarantee or warranty of the product by the US. Department of Agriculture and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products that may be suitable.     

蔗糖浓度对葡萄试管苗生长及光合作用的影响

糖为植物生长发育提供能量,也是形态建成的物质基础。但培养基的蔗糖浓度对葡萄试管苗生长及光合作用的影响研究较少,以‘黑比诺’葡萄试管苗为试材,以GS为基本培养基、蔗糖浓度30g/L为对照,分别研究蔗糖浓度0、60g/L对‘黑比诺’葡萄试管苗生理指标和光合参数的影响。结果表明:蔗糖浓度为30g/L试管苗生长状况最佳,试管苗干鲜重、叶绿素含量、可溶性糖含量均显著高于其他2个处理,总糖含量无显著差异;蔗糖浓度60 g/L处理试管苗叶片可溶性蛋白含量显著高于其他2个处理,在高糖及无糖处理下,试管苗叶片蒸腾速率(E)、气孔导度(Gs)与净光合速率(Pn)均显著低于正常浓度处理;叶绿素a、叶绿素b、光合电子传递速率(ETR)、最大量子产量(Fv/Fm)在蔗糖浓度30 g/L处理下均显著高于其他2个处理,叶片中不同激素受蔗糖浓度的影响各不相同。综上,蔗糖浓度能够影响葡萄试管苗生物量、叶绿素相对含量、可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖及总糖含量变化,培养基蔗糖浓度过高或过低会影响叶绿素荧光参数的变化,进而影响光合作用。     

紫参试管苗生产中植物激素及其浓度筛选研究

试验表明,在紫参(Salvia chinensis Benth)试管苗生产中,把叶片培养在附加 NAA 0.2 mg/I BA0.5mg/I的 MS 培养基上,叶片外植体能在4周内产生大量不定芽,芽数高达265.4个/4块外植体。筛选试验证明,上述培养基中的激素种类及浓度都是紫参试管苗生产中最合适的。