对我国养殖业生物安全现状的分析与对策

从动物疫病流行特点的变化,养殖模式对疫病流行的影响,病原体型与病型增多,新疾病增多,混合感染增多,人兽共患病增多以及兽药生产流通使用混乱等方面论述了我国养殖业生物安全的现状,以及生态环境、药残超限和动物产品的安全情况等。同时,对养殖业生物安全应采取的对策(重新认识兽医的重要性,改革现行的兽医行政体制,改革养殖业的生产经营模式)以及正视动物产品的安全性等方面提出建议。     

Bartonella henselae seroprevalence in cattle breeders and veterinarians in the rural areas of Aydin and Denizli, Turkey

Bartonella henselae infections are usually detected among people who have close contact with animals. Veterinarians and cattle breeders, in particular, are considered as the risk groups for B. henselae infections. In this study, the seroprevalence of antibodies to B. henselae was investigated in these two groups of subjects in the two cities of Aydin and Denizli, which are located in the same region in the southwest of Turkey. Total antibodies to B. henselae were evaluated by indirect immunofluorescence assay in serum samples taken from 63 cattle breeders and 27 veterinarians. Twenty samples (22.2%) were found to react on 1/64 titre with B. henselae antigens. Bartonella henselae seroprevalence was found to be significantly related to age (P = 0.033) and higher in those living in Aydin (P = 0.047). Age was the only independent factor in multivariate analysis (P = 0.008). Seroprevalence was found to be 2‐fold higher in those people who had had tick contact (P = 0.093). In conclusion, the physicians in the region should consider B. henselae infection among veterinarians and breeders in their differential diagnosis list of fever of unknown origin.     

基于对口援疆政策的兽医人才培养模式的探讨与实践

通过对口支援活动，以提高人才培养质量为根本，通过发挥教育部直属重点高校教育教学优势，加强支援高校和受援高校在教育教学、师资培养、科学研究、教学资源共享等方面的交流与合作，为培养现代畜牧业发展所需的创新与应用型兽医人才探讨新途径。     

Current status of aquatic veterinary services for ornamental fish in Australasia

ABSTRACT

The ornamental fish industry is growing quickly globally. Asia represents 51% of the export market for this industry and in Singapore alone, it has an estimated market value of US$66 million. Despite the economic importance of this industry for Australasia, aquatic veterinary support for the ornamental fish sector is scarce. In many cases, ornamental fish owners do not seek advice from veterinarians. While the reasons behind this are difficult to elucidate, the low perceived value of fish compared to the cost of consulting a veterinarian, and limited knowledge about the availability of veterinary services for aquatic animals may contribute to the lack of interaction with veterinarians. Considering the growing importance of the ornamental fish industry, more education and data are needed about the services offered by veterinarians with aquatic animal health expertise. Knowledge on aquatic veterinary medicine is limited, reinforcing the need for more educational programmes and dissemination of aquatic veterinary services within the Australasian region.     

辽宁省基层畜牧兽医机构队伍改革情况调查

为了解基层畜牧兽医机构队伍改革情况,对2015—2020辽宁省畜牧兽医机构队伍建设情况进行了综合分析。辽宁省机构改革后,市、县、乡三级畜牧兽医机构以及工作人员、专业人员及村级动物防疫员等的数量均呈下降趋势,基层动物防疫体系和体制机制受到冲击。建议在深化兽医机构改革中坚持机构"瘦身与健身"相结合,体制创新与继承相结合,改革目标与实效相结合,以期为基层畜牧兽医机构队伍建设提供参考。     

Quality of equine veterinary care. Part 2: Client satisfaction in equine top sports medicine in The Netherlands

The aim of this study was to evaluate systematically the quality of equine veterinary top sports medicine in The Netherlands and the degree to which the expectations in the field are met. Focus was on structure, process and outcome of care. The structure of care is generally satisfactory but there is insufficient transfer of applicable scientific knowledge to the equine community and a lack of regular checks by team vets. The process of care is hampered by the failure in communication between the veterinary and paraveterinary members of a team. For continuation of the excellent international results of Dutch riders and drivers a more collaborative approach, abandoning the often secretive character of equine medicine in relation to sport horses, is necessary.     

基于禽类卡环追溯智慧兽医体系建设的探索与实践

为实现动物卫生监管智慧化,高效保障动物产品质量安全,本研究在搭建禽类检疫卡环追溯信息系统基础上,探索了多环节信息衔接-共享机制、硬软件保障、禽类卡环追溯智慧化实践路径及其运行体系的建设经验。结果显示：禽类卡环追溯智慧兽医体系运行后不仅堵住了检疫监管漏洞,而且营造了良好“企商”关系,降低了禽类屠宰企业经营成本,节约了禽类产品销售商时间,提高了企业及其产品竞争力,高效保障了肉品品质,确保了消费者吃上“放心肉”。最后就官方兽医能力提升、系统优化、多部门协调及立法建设等方面提出了建议,以期为动物卫生监督提供有益的可推广的方案。     

A longitudinal study of veterinary students and recent graduates 4. Gender issues

Objective To study differences in experiences, attitudes and opinions between female and male veterinary students and recent graduates.
Design Longitudinal study.
Population Students – 77 males and 77 females – who began studying veterinary science at The University of Queensland in 1985 and 1986.
Procedure Questionnaires were completed in the first and fifth year of the course, and in the second year after graduation. The data were analysed using the SAS System for Windows.
Results Females decided to study veterinary science at a younger age than males and were more influenced by 'a love of animals', the image of veterinarians as portrayed on television, an interest in living things and in the scientific study of disease. Males were more influenced than females in aspects of the workplace: bosses and money. There were no gender differences in their background in relation to farms, or to animals, or in their career plans. However females when in first year expected a lower initial income than males; an expectation that was realised in the first year after graduation. As first year students and also as veterinarians, females had stronger views than males on animal welfare issues, and also felt that the veterinary profession had a lower status relative to other professions.
Conclusions Significant differences in attitudes and experiences exist between males and females entering the veterinary profession. The situation of females in relation to income and status is consistent with that in other professions, where females have been disadvantaged compared with males.