Biological activity and characterization of nucleopolyhedrovirus isolates ofSpodoptera litura

Geographical isolates ofSpodoptera litura (Fabricius) (Noctuidae: Lepidoptera) nucleopolyhedrovirus (SpltNPV), collected from different parts of India and maintained at Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, were compared for their biological activity and subjected to Restriction Endonuclease (REN) analysis. Neonate and second instar bioassay studies revealed similarity in biological activity as shown by the overlapping fiducial limits of LC₅₀ values. However, there were differences in yield among isolates: significantly higher yields were obtained from isolates UAS and CBE than from the BARC isolate. REN analysis of the four isolates withPst I,Hind III,Bam HI andEco RI enzymes indicated genotypic variation among the isolates. Based on the commonality of the bands, the isolates could be broadly divided into two groups: isolates AU and CBE formed one group, and the other group comprised UAS and BARC based on genetic relatedness. http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting Nov. 21, 2005.     

液相色谱-质谱联用技术在检测食品中兽药残留的应用

动物性食品安全问题现已成为一个全球性的议题。动物性食品药残超标、安全性差的问题十分突出。建立一种准确、灵敏、可靠的分析动物性食品中兽药残留的方法刻不容缓。介绍了液相色谱-质谱联用技术(LC-MS)应用于动物性食品中几种常见兽药残留的检测方法。     

应用基因芯片检测动物性食品中主要致病菌

依据16SrDNA、23SrDNA上的恒定区和可变区设计7种致病菌的通用引物和特异性寡核苷酸探针，并对探针5’端进行氨基化修饰进行基因芯片共价结合，然后优化杂交反应液、芯片点样及后处理程序，研制出一种可同时检测动物性食品中7种主要致病菌的基因芯片。结果表明，7种致病菌的基因芯片杂交检测灵敏度可达10^2cfu／g，与经典传统检测方法及分子生物学、免疫学方法相比该方法特异性强，准确率高，可同时检测动物性食品中7种致病菌。     

中华鼢鼠生物学特性的研究

通过研究中华鼢鼠生物学特性，其食性食量125g／d，每个洞内食物存放平均750g；解剖观察，怀孕胚胎2-4个，平均3．38个，雌雄比为53．16：46．84。     

粮油食品工艺学课程教学改革探索

粮油食品工艺学是一门理论和实践并重的技术课程,通过教学改革与实践,探讨了改进课堂教学和优化实践环节的方法和成效。     

基于C—D生产函数的绿色食品产业发展方式转变的内在机理与实证

产业发展方式转变与产业发展阶段紧密相关，是产业结构优化与产业可持续发展的必然要求和根本途径。在构建产业发展方式转变逻辑分析模型的基础上，利用C—D生产函数对绿色食品产业发展方式进行判定，实证分析揭示绿色食品产业发展方式仍以粗放型规模扩张为主要特征。进而结合绿色食品产业发展的阶段特征与现实基础条件，提出促进产业发展方式转变、产业结构优化升级和产业发展的政策措施，为制定符合生命周期阶段要求的产业规划和产业政策提供科学的决策依据。     

Competition for food between Eurasian perch (Perca fluviatilis L.) and ruffe (Gymnocephalus cernuus [L.]) over different substrate types

Abstract –  Food consumption by Eurasian perch ( Perca fluviatilis L.) and ruffe ( Gymnocephalus cernuus [L.]) was studied in single and mixed-species treatments in the laboratory, where alternative food resources, chironomids and zooplankton, were offered simultaneously. The effects of structural complexity, which was represented by substrate grain size, and of feeding level on food consumption were analysed. Across all experiments, the outcome of competition between perch and ruffe depended on food abundance and on the structural complexity of the environment. Perch and ruffe both changed their food consumption in the presence of a heterospecific competitor. With high food supply, perch consumed more benthic food than ruffe. With low food supply, the consumption of perch decreased strongly, while that of ruffe remained high on fine sediment. Under all conditions tested, the mechanism of competition appeared to be of interference rather than of exploitative nature. It is suggested that with decreasing lake productivity caused by re-oligotrophication, habitat shifts of both species will occur, which will alleviate interspecific competition. Ruffe will forage over fine sediment and perch over coarse sediment, whereby both species will achieve the highest foraging efficiency under conditions of low food supply.     

麒麟菜即食风味食品杀菌技术研究

通过对麒麟菜多种杀菌工艺进行探讨，比较不同杀菌条件对麒麟菜风味食品外观、口感、质量的影响。结果表明：过氧化氢溶液对麒麟菜杀菌有显著效果，0.3%浓度过氧化氢杀菌10 min为其最佳杀菌工艺，经处理的产品杀菌效果符合要求，感官品质令人满意；醋酸对麒麟菜即食食品杀菌结果表明，2.5%浓度醋酸杀菌40 min，可以达到理想的效果；紫外线杀菌20 min，杀菌效果较明显，相对于产品的感官影响较小。     

草地蝗虫的营养价值

草地蝗虫是一种高蛋白、低脂肪、富含维生素和矿物元素的天然优质可食用、药用和饲用资源，但大量爆发会造成草地植被退化，对草地造成一定的危害。充分了解蝗虫体内营养物质及其变化规律，对其进行合理利用，不仅可以减少蝗虫对草地的危害，还能有效缓解食品、饲料和医药行业的资源危机。本文对草地蝗虫的蛋白质、脂质、矿质元素、维生素和黄酮类物质等营养成分进行总结，并且对其动态变化和开发利用进行分析，以期为更加合理和高效地利用草地蝗虫资源提供参考。     

Rapid Economic Change,the Nutrition Transition and Its Effects on the Structure of Consumption: The Nutrition Transition in China

SUMMARY

Economic, demographic, and technological changes have led to a marked shift in the diet structure and the distribution of body composition in many regions of the world. Such changes include rapid reduction in fertility and aging of the population, urbanization, epidemiological transition, and the uneven distribution of the effect of economic reform. Research presented for China shows that it is undergoing a marked shift in its diet, activity, and nutritional status patterns. This paper presents data on the shifts in the structure of food decision-making and the associated body composition shifts.